2.2

Question 1

Antigen

Answer 1

Any foreign substance
“Non self” in the body
Is capable of eliciting an immune response

Question 2

Antibodies

Answer 2

Protein molecule, an immunoglobulin, produced in response to the antigen

Question 3

Antibodies produced by

Answer 3

B cells

Question 4

Antibodies only interact with the

Answer 4

Antigen that induced their synthesis

Question 5

Antibodies functions

Answer 5

Neutralize bacterial toxins
Neutralize viruses
Promoting phagocytosis of bacteria
Activating components of the inflammatory response

Question 6

IgA

Answer 6

Defends external surfaces of mucosa and secretions

Question 7

IgD

Answer 7

On surface of B lymphocytes
Regulates interaction between B and T cells

Question 8

IgE

Answer 8

Causes inflammatory symptoms (allergic response)

Question 9

IgG

Answer 9

Major antibacterial and antiviral
Primary antibody of human body

Question 10

IgM

Answer 10

Eliminates pathogens early on in the attack

Question 11

Innate Immunity

Answer 11

1st line of defense against pathogens
Include internal and external defenses

Question 12

Innate Immunity stimulated by penetration of the

Answer 12

Epithelial surface of the skin, respiratory, GI tract

Question 13

Adaptive Immunity Primary Goals

Answer 13

Recognize and destroy foreign substances
Promote an effective immune response
Destroy/remove the pathogen
Establish long term memory

Question 14

Adaptive Immunity requires

Answer 14

Preactivation

Question 15

Adaptive Immunity can occur as a result of

Answer 15

Active or passive immunity

Question 16

Active Immunity

Answer 16

Natural or acquired
Acquired by intro of an antigen into a responsive host (vaccine)

Question 17

Passive Immunity

Answer 17

Immune products (antibodies) produced by an immune person are transferred to a nonimmune individual

Question 18

Two components of Adaptive/Acquired Immunity

Answer 18

Humoral immunity
Cell Mediated immunity

Question 19

Humoral immunity

Answer 19

B cell immunity (antibodies)
Control extra cellular pathogens
Defense against pathogens in body fluids

Question 20

Cell mediated Immunity

Answer 20

T cell immunity
Control Intracellular pathogens
Defense against abnormal cells and pathogens inside cells

Question 21

Innate Immunity

Answer 21

Born with
Present prior to exposure

Question 22

Adaptive immunity

Answer 22

Acquired or specific
Recognizes, eliminates, establishes long term immunity

Question 23

B cells

Answer 23

Mediated by antibodies present in different “humors” (body fluids)

Question 24

T cells

Answer 24

Learn to discriminate self from non self

Question 25

Helper T

Answer 25

Most numerous 75% Stimulate both B and T cells

Question 26

Cytotoxic T cells

Answer 26

Natural killer cells

Question 27

Suppressor T cells

Answer 27

Suppress both T helper and cytotoxic cells

Question 28

Memory T cells

Answer 28

Assure that there will not be a delay if the antigen returns

Question 29

Types of T cells

Answer 29

Helper T Cytotoxic T Suppressor T Memory T

Question 30

Effect of Aging

Answer 30

Immune function declines with advancing age T cell function declines (numbers do not)

Question 31

Immune Responses

Answer 31

Exaggerated responses against environmental antigens (allergy)

Question 32

Under active immune response

Answer 32

Immunodeficiency

Question 33

immunodeficiency

Answer 33

Immune response is absent or depressed due to primary or secondary disorder

Question 34

Primary Immunodefciency

Answer 34

Defects of T and B cells

Question 35

Secondary Immunodeficiency

Answer 35

An underlying disease or factor that depressed or blocks the immune response

Question 36

Iatrogenic Immunodeficiency

Answer 36

Induced by immunosuppressive drugs, radiation therapy, or spleen removal

Question 37

Hypersensitivity Disorders

Answer 37

Increased immune response to the presence of an antigen that results in tissue destruction

Question 38

Type I Hypersensitivity

Answer 38

Mediated by IgE Antigen is external Immediate hypersensitivity (vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, bronchoconstriction)

Question 39

Type II Hypersensitivity

Answer 39

Antibody-dependent toxicity Body cells directly attacked by antibodies (body’s tissue recognized as foreign) Graves’ disease, myasthenia gravis

Question 40

Type III Hypersensitivty

Answer 40

Immune complex hypersensitivity Antigen-antibody complex accumulation followed by destruction Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Question 41

Type IV Hypersensitivity

Answer 41

Delayed hypersensitivty Cell-mediated cytotoxicity Tuberculin (PPD) Response