2.1

Question 1

Tissue healing begins soon and occurs by

Answer 1

Regeneration and Repair

Question 2

Regeneration

Answer 2

Regrowth of original tissue

Question 3

Repair

Answer 3

Formation of connective tissue scar

Question 4

Inflammatory cells begin healing by

Answer 4

Breaking down and removing necrotic tissue

Question 5

With Fibronectin, Formation of a scaffold provides

Answer 5

Tensile strength and glue of other substances

Question 6

Fibronectin provides

Answer 6

Structural support

Question 7

Fibronectin binds to and stabilizes

Answer 7

Fibrin (blood clots)

Question 8

Fibronectin attracts

Answer 8

Fibroblasts and macrophages

Question 9

Fibronectin binds to _____________ and _________ healing tissue

Answer 9

Proteoglycans and collagen stabilizing

Question 10

Proteoglycans are secreted by

Answer 10

Fibroblasts

Question 11

Proteoglycans bind to

Answer 11

Fibronectin and collagen for stabilization

Question 12

Proteoglycans hold

Answer 12

Water and hydrate tissue

Question 13

Elastin is secreted by __________ and provides __________

Answer 13

Fibroblasts and provides tissue elasticity

Question 14

Type I Collagen

Answer 14

mature scars, tendons and bones

Question 15

Type II Collagen

Answer 15

Hyaline cartilage, growth plate

Question 16

Type III Collagen

Answer 16

Vascular and visceral structures, fresh scars

Question 17

What are the 4 phases of healing

Answer 17

hemostasis and degeneration, inflammation, proliferation and migration, remodeling and maturation

Question 18

In hemostasis, the body tries to stop bleeding by initiating

Answer 18

Coagulation

Question 19

Platelets release

Answer 19

Bioactive protein chemical messengers

Question 20

Growth factors stimulate proliferation and migration of

Answer 20

Epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and vascular endothelial cells

Question 21

Degeneration phase is characterized by

Answer 21

formation of a hematoma
necrosis of dead cells

Question 22

Tissue repair begins within __________ with the migration of _________ from margins of viable tissue

Answer 22

24 hours, fibroblasts

Question 23

Goal of Inflammation

Answer 23

replace injured tissue with healthy regenerated tissue, a fibrous scar, or both

Question 24

Inflammation begins when

Answer 24

Blood clot forms

Question 25

Key molecular bioregulators of inflammatory phase

Answer 25

Growth factors, cytokines, chemokines

Question 26

Temporary repair is initiated by

Answer 26

Coagulation and short term decreased blood flow

Question 27

_________ occurs after cells have been injured or destroyed

Answer 27

Necrosis

Question 28

In inflammation, oxygen is delivered via

Answer 28

Increased blood flow

Question 29

Permanent repair is facilitated by

Answer 29

Creating a clean wound

Question 30

Inflammation time frame

Answer 30

Day of injury to approximately day 10

Question 31

Goal of proliferation and migration

Answer 31

To cover and impart strength to the injury site

Question 32

Proliferation and migration time frame

Answer 32

Day 3 to approximately day 20

Question 33

Angiogenesis

Answer 33

New blood vessel growth into the wound bed

Question 34

Granulation tissue formation

Answer 34

New connective tissue and blood vessels that form on the surfaces of a wound

Question 35

Wound Contraction

Answer 35

Existing tissue migrates, pulling the wound edges toward the center of the wound

Question 36

In wound contraction, fibroblasts are transformed to

Answer 36

Myofibroblast

Question 37

Epithelization

Answer 37

When epithelial cells meet at the center of the wound, the wound is covered with new skin, migration ends

Question 38

Mature scars change from

Answer 38

Red to pink to white and from raised and rigid to flat and flexible

Question 39

Remodeling and Maturation time frame

Answer 39

Approximately day 9 of injury up to 2 years

Question 40

In remodeling and maturation, scar tissue is

Answer 40

Reduced and remodeled

Question 41

Inflammatory Reactions Goals of inflammation

Answer 41

Subdue any infection Remove necrotic debris resulting from the original injury Restore normal function

Question 42

Exudate

Answer 42

An extravascular fluid that contains a high protein and cellular debris

Question 43

Events of Inflammatory reactions

Answer 43

Vasodilation (after transient vasoconstriction) Increased vascular permeability Movement of WBCs from blood vessels into soft tissue at the site of inflammation

Question 44

Acute inflammation characteristics

Answer 44

Exudation and neutrophils

Question 45

Acute inflammation functions

Answer 45

Prevent excessive blood loss Destroy or eliminate causative agents such as bacteria Eliminate Debris

Question 46

Chronic inflammation involves

Answer 46

Lymphocytes and macrophages