Week 7 Part 1

Question 1

Aneurysm

Answer 1

Abnormal stretching or dilation of the wall of an artery, a vein, or the heart (50% > normal)

Question 2

Most common site for an arterial aneurysm is the

Answer 2

aorta

Question 3

Aneurysm Incidence

Answer 3

Men > Women
HTN

Question 4

aneurysms can be caused by

Answer 4

Smoking, alcohol, HTN, genetics, atherosclerosis, infection, and trauma

Question 5

Clinical Signs and Symptoms of Aneurysm

Answer 5

Chest pain Palpable, pulsating mass
Abdominal heart-beat felt by client when lying down
Dull ache in the midabdominal, left flank, or LBP
Groin or leg pain
Weakness or transient paralysis

Question 6

Clinical Signs and Symptoms of Ruptured Aneurysm

Answer 6

Sudden Sever chest pain with tearing sensation
Pain may extend to neck, shoulder, low back or abdomen but rarely joints and arm (not MI)
Systolic BB < 100 mmHG
Ecchymosis Lightheadedness and nausea

Question 7

Implications for Aneurysms
Teach them

Answer 7

coughing and proper lifting

Question 8

Implications for Aneurysms
Avoid

Answer 8

Valsalva, pulling, pushing, straining

Anything >10 pounds

Question 9

Peripheral Vascular Disease is more common in

Answer 9

LE
UE not uncommon

Question 10

Vasculitis is characterized by

Answer 10

leukocytic inflammation of the vascular walls

Question 11

vasculitis can affect the

Answer 11

PNS and CNS

Question 12

Polyarteritis Nodosa

Answer 12

Multiple sites of inflammation and destructive lesions in the arterial system

Small masses of tissue in the form of nodes

Question 13

Polyarteritis Nodosa more common in

Answer 13

older adults

Question 14

Polyarteritis Nodosa associated with

Answer 14

IV drug use, Hepatitis B and C, HIV

Question 15

Polyarteritis Nodosa Clinical Manifestations

Answer 15

Fever, chills, tachycardia, arthralgia and myositis with tenderness

Abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting

Paresthesias, neuropathies, pain, weakness and sensory loss if peripheral nerve

Neuropathies
distal extremities (legs)
falling

Question 16

Arteritis is a vasculitis typically involving

Answer 16

temporal and cranial arteries
large vessels

Question 17

Arteritis is most common vasculitis in the US and affects

Answer 17

older people
women > men

Question 18

What layer of tunica becomes inflamed in Arteritis

Answer 18

tunica media
middle layer

Question 19

Arteritis Clinical Manifestations

Answer 19

Continuous, unilateral, throbbing headache in temporal area

may radiate to eye, face or side of neck

Question 20

Arteritis can lead to visual disturbances due to

Answer 20

injury to ophthalmic artery
diplopia
can lead to blindness

Question 21

Arteritis can also produce _____ sensitivity and pain with

Answer 21

scalp sensitivity
pain chewing, talking and swallowing

Question 22

Arteritis
Relief of symptoms in ______
Resolved within _______

Answer 22

3-5 days
6-12 months

Question 23

Allergic or Hypersensitivity Angiitis is a vasculitis that commonly affects

Answer 23

children and young adults

Question 24

Allergic or Hypersensitivity Angiitis follows an upper respiratory infection in people with

Answer 24

allergy and drug sensitivity issues

Question 25

Allergic or Hypersensitivity Angiitis Classic triad of symptoms includes

Answer 25

Purpura (purplish spots under the skin) Arthritis Abdominal pain

Question 26

Kawasakis Disease can lead to

Answer 26

inflammation of lymph nodes AKA mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome

Question 27

Kawasakis disease affects

Answer 27

medium and small arteries

Question 28

Kawasakis Disease Clinical Manifestation

Answer 28

Fever > 5 days, mucocutaneus inflammation Conjunctivitis, cervical lymphadenopathy Rash: erythema of palms/soles Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting

Question 29

Kawasaki Disease complication

Answer 29

coronary aneurysm and cardiomyopathy valvular disease pericardium affected

Question 30

Kawasakis Disease Acute Phase

Answer 30

Sudden high fever unresponsive to antibiotics and antipyretics + extreme irritability

Question 31

Kawasakis Disease Subacute Phase

Answer 31

Fever may or may not resolves but irritability persists Rash develops on trunk and extremities with skin desquamation (peeling), conjunctivitis, and oral mucosal changes (strawberry tongue)

Question 32

Kawasakis Disease Subacute Phase at risk for

Answer 32

cardiac involvement (e.g., myocarditis, pericarditis) MI, Valvular disease

Question 33

Kawasakis Disease Convalescent Phase

Answer 33

6-8 weeks after onset all clinical signs and symptoms should resolve with blood values returned to normal

Question 34

Kawasakis Disease Medical Management

Answer 34

High dose intravenous gamma-globulin (antibodies) and salicylate therapy to reduce fever and control inflammation

Question 35

Kawasakis Disease Prognosis is for full recovery of function if

Answer 35

no aneurysm develops