4.1Part 2 Flashcards
Hepatitis A is person to person spread by
Fecal-oral route
Spread by feces, saliva, contaminated food and water
Hepatitis B is transmitted by
Cutaneous and mucosal exposure to blood and bodily fluids containing virus
Hepatitis B had variable amounts in
Semen, saliva, cervical secretions, tears
Not in urine, sweat, stool
Hepatitis C spread by
IVDU with contaminated needles
Hepatitis D mostly spread by ______ but also by
IVDU
sexual and intrafamilial transmission
Hepatitis E transmitted by
Fecally contaminated water in endemic area
Blood transfusion in endemic areas
Sexual and intrafamilial transmission also occur
Viral hepatitis produces alterations in
Olfaction and Taste
Viral Hepatitis Presents with
Onset flu like illness
Malaise, fatigue, myalgia, Arthralgia, headache
With viral hepatitis, a low grade fever is more frequent in
HAV and HEV than in HBV or HCV
Many patients never become jaundiced with
HCV
Viral hepatitis can produce
Splenomegaly and cervical lymphadenopathy
Acute Pancreatitis is commonly from
Alcohol abuse and gallstones
Other causes of Acute pancreatitis
Trauma
Drugs
Hypercalcemia
Cystic Fibrosis
Symptoms of Acute Pancreatitis
Epigastric pain radiating to back
Tachycardia
Malaise
Bluish discoloration of abdomen or flanks (turners sign)
- severe hemorrhagic acute pancreatitis
Diagnosis of Acute Pancreatitis
Elevated serum amylase and lipase
Treatment for Acute Pancreatitis
Withhold oral food
Fluid replacement
Bed rest
Remove gallstones if needed
Chronic Pancreatitis
_______ in children
_______ in adults
Cystic fibrosis
Alcoholism
Alcohol leads to release of pancreatic fluids that is
High protein
Low in volume and bicarbonate
Attacks of acute pancreatitis lead to formation of
Scar tissue or fibrosis
Chronic Pancreatitis leads to many complications such as
Malabsorption and diabetes
Chronic pancreatitis leads to limitation in
Spinal ext (Thoracolumbar junction)
In chronic pancreatitis, patients prefer to be
In fetal position on left side
Most common pancreatic cancer
Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Cells that live in the duct
Risk factors for pancreatic cancer
Advanced aging and family history
Tobacco use and diets high in fat
Red or processed meat
Diabetes, obesity, physical inactivity
Pancreatic cancer symptoms
Initially: vague/non specific
Later: pain (epigastric and LUQ), weight loss, jaundice
Enlargement of lymph nodes
Pancreatic cancer treatment
Chemotherapy
Chemoradiation
Resection (depending on stage of tumor)
