2.1 Part 2 Flashcards
Calor
Heat due to increased blood flow
Rubor
Erythema due to increased blood flow and dilated vessels
Tumor
Swelling due to increased vascular permeability
Dolor
Pain
Functio Laesa
Loss of function
Acute and Chronic Inflammation systemic symptoms
Decreased appetite
Nausea
Malaise
Weight loss
Weakness
Exudation is a common feature of
Acute inflammations
Types of Exudate
Serous
Purulent
Catarrhal
Sanguineous
Serosanguineous
Serous Exudate
Thin, clear straw colored
Serous Exudate contains
Albumin and immunoglobins
Purulent Exudation
Viscous, cloudy, pus
Purulent Exudation caused by
Pus forming bacteria and indicated infection
Catarrhal Exudate
Thin, clear mucus
Catarrhal Exudate is seen with
Inflammatory process within mucous membranes
Sanguineous Exudate
Bright red or bloody; presence of RBCs
Small amounts expected after surgery or trauma
Serosanguineous Exudate
Blood tinged pink; presence of RBCs
Expected for 48-72 hours after injury or trauma
Beneficial Effects of the Fluid Exudate
-dilution of toxins
-entry of antibodies into the extravascular space
-transport
-delivery of nutrients and oxygen
-stimulation of immune response
Abscess
a circumscribed collection of pus
Arise from infections initially
Cellulitis
A diffuse, edematous inflammation occurring within solid tissues
Ulcer
A lesion on the surface of the skin or a mucous membrane
Most commonly seen in the GI Tract
Adhesion
Binds surfaces together
Growth factors
Regulate cell reactions involved in healing
If growth factors are disturbed, it can lead to
Hypotrophic (depressed), Hypertrophic (raised, within boundaries) or Keloid (raised, out of boundaries)
Vitamin A deficiency
Stimulate collagen cross linking
Iron, Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid Deficiency
For RBCs to deliver O2 to tissue
Zinc, Magnesium and Copper deficiency
Protein synthesis
A dry wound allows the formation of Eschar
Inhibit migration of epithelial cells
Provide food for pathogens
Affect blood flow to the wound bed
Vascular supply provides
Oxygen and nutrients that supports healing
Compromised blood supply inhibits
Fibroblast migration and collagen synthesis
Infection incites a
Severe and prolonged inflammatory reaction
Infection encourages excessive
granulation tissue formation
Infection is detrimental to
Wound closure and healing time
Injuries located in well-vascularized tissue, smaller wounds, and surgical incisions heal
Faster
Early movement delays
Healing
Immobilization can result in
Adhesions and loss of ROM
In childhood wound closure
Occurs more rapidly
Elders have a
Lower rate of epithelization
Decrease in density and cross-linking of collagen
Decrease tensile strength
Obstruction of vessels
Antibiotics prevent or fight off infection, but also have
Toxic effects that inhibit healing
Anti-inflammatory medications
Blocks the inflammatory cascade
Corticosteroids steroids inhibit (3 things)
Production of prostaglandin
Wound contraction and decrease tensile strength
Corticosteroids decrease
Epithelization
Ibuprofen (NSAIDs)
Inhibit production of prostaglandin
4 processes of proliferation and migration
Angiogenesis, Granulation tissue formation, wound contraction, epithelization
