waves and Sound Flashcards
Transverse waves
have oscillations of wave particles perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation
Longitudinal waves
have oscillations of wave particles parallel to the direction of wave propagation
Crest
point of most positive displacement
Trough
point of most negative displacement
Wavelength
the distance between two crests or two troughs
Frequency
- the number of cycles a wave makes per second
- expressed in hertz (Hz)
- angular frequency the same thing but measured in radians per sec
Wave speed
v= F (lamda)
Rate at which a wave transmits the energy or matter it is carrying
Wave period
T= 1/f
Time needed to complete a wave cycle
-the inverse of frequency
Constructive interference
- occurs when waves are exactly in phase with each other
- amplitude of the resultant wave is equal to the sum of the amplitudes of the two interfering waves
Destructive interference
- occurs when waves are exactly out of phase with each other
- amplitude of resultant wave is equal to the difference in amplitude between the two interfering waves
Traveling waves
have continuously shifting points of maximum and minimum displacement
- nodes and antinodes move with wave propagation
Standing waves
produced by the constructive and destructive interference of two waves of the same frequency traveling in opposite directions in the same space
- nodes and antinodes do not move with wave propagation
Antinodes
points of maximum oscillations
Nodes
points where there is no oscillation
Resonance
the increase in amplitude that occurs when a periodic force is applied at the natural (resonant) frequency of an object