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MCAT ALL > Brain parts > Flashcards

Brain parts Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

Fore brain

A

Complex perceptual, cognitive and behavioral processes; emotion and memory

Cerebral cortex
Basal Gangilia 
Hypothalamus
Limbic System 
Thalamus 
(Lisa Tell Happy Cut Bananas)
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2
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

Complex perceptual, cognitive and behavioral processing ( language processing, problem solving, impulse control and long term planning).

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3
Q

Basal gangilia

A

Smooth movement and maintain postural stability

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4
Q

Limbic system

A

Emotion and memory

Contains: septal nuclei, amygdala and hippocampus

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5
Q

Thalamus

A

Relay station for sensory information

All senses except smell

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6
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Maintains homeostasis and takes care of hunger thirst and emotion

4 fours
Feeding
Fighting
Flighting 
(Sexual) Functioning
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7
Q

Mid brain

A

Receives sensory and motor information from he rest of the body; reflexes to auditory and visual stimuli

Inferior and superior colliculi

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8
Q

Colliculi

A

Sensorimotor reflexes

Superior- receives visual sensory input

Inferior- receives auditory sensory input

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9
Q

Hind brain

A

Balance, motor coordination, berating, digestion and general arousal- sleep waking and viral funtionaning

Cerebellum
Medulla oblongata
Reticular formation

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10
Q

Cerebellum

A

Refined motor movements

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11
Q

Reticular formation

A

Arousal and alertness

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12
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Viral functioning such as breathing and digestion

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13
Q

Lateral hypothalamus

A

Hunger center

LH destroyers one lacks hunger

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14
Q

Ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)

A

Satiety center
Provides signals to stop eating. Brain lesions here lead to obesity

When VMH destroyed one is very much hungry

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15
Q

Anterior hypothalamus

A

Controls sexual behavior and sleep and arousal

Anterior hypothalamus is destroyed one is AsexuL

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16
Q

Pineal gland

A

Biological rhythms; releases melatonin that regulates circadian rhythms

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17
Q

Septal nuclei

A

Primary pleasure center

Association between the nuclei and addictive behavior

18
Q

Amygdala

A

Role in defensive and aggressive behavior, fear and Rage

19
Q

Hippocampus

A

Role in learning and memory processing

Long term memory

Damage can cause anterograde or retrograde amnesia

20
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

Frontal
Partial
Temporal
occipital

21
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Executive functions

  • prefrontal lobe: executive functions, impulse control and long term planning
  • primary motor cortex- mirror functioning and voluntary movements
  • brocas are- speech production
22
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Sensory cortex

Controls sensation of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain; orientation and manipulation

23
Q

Occupital lobe

A

Visual processing

24
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Sound processing - auditory cortex

  • wenickes area: speech comprehension
  • limbic system- memory and emotion
25
Q

Dominant hemisphere - left

A

Primary analytic

Language and logical math

26
Q

Non Dominant- right

A

Intuition, creativity, music cognition and spatial processing

27
Q

Sensory Neurons

A

Afferent (asend to the spinal chord)

28
Q

Motor neurons

A

Efferent (exit the spinal chord and transmit info to muscles and glands

29
Q

Interneurons

A

most abundant

Located in spinal chord and brain

30
Q

ipsilaterally

A

Brain communicates with same side

31
Q

Contralaterally

A

One side of the brain communicates with the other side

32
Q

Methods of brain mapping

A

Studying human and animal brain lesions
Extirpation
stimulating and recording with electrodes(EEG and rCBF)

33
Q

Corpus collosum

A

Connects and shares info between 2 hemispheres

34
Q

Dopamine is related with what disease

A

Scizo and parkinsons

35
Q

The nervous system develops throught

A

neurulation where the notochord stimulates the overlying ectoderm to fold over creating neural tube topped with neural crest cells

36
Q

Neural tube

A

Becomes central nervous system

37
Q

Neural crest

A

Spread throughout body to dif. tissues

38
Q

Rooting reflex

A

Infant turns its head to anything that brushes his cheek

39
Q

Moro reflex

A

Infant extends the arms then slowly retracts them and cries in response to sensation of falling

40
Q

Babinski reflex

A

Big toe is extended and the other toes fan in response to the brushing of the sole of the foot

41
Q

catecholamines

A

epinephrine (adrenalin), norepinephrine, and dopamine.

Catecholamines are more often measured with a urine test than with a blood test.

MCAT ALL (56 decks)

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