Female Reproductive

Question 1

Menstrual cycle day 0-14

Answer 1

Follicular phase

Question 2

Menstrual cycle day 14-28

Answer 2

Luteal phase

Question 3

At low concentration what effect does estrogen have on LH

Answer 3

Negative feed back and this inhibits it’s release

Question 4

At high concentration what effect does estrogen have on LH

Answer 4

Positive feedback
Spike in LH

And Lowers FSH

Question 5

What does the follicle stimulating hormone do?

Answer 5

Facilitates maturation of a single ovum

Question 6

When does LH spike and what does it mark

Answer 6

At 14 days and marks ovulation so release of oocyte from the follicle

Question 7

What role does progesterone play in luteal phase

Answer 7

Progesterone will cause negative feedback on hypothalamus inhibiting GnRH

It will stimulate the growth of endometrial lining which will shed or the egg will implant

Question 8

What does Y chromosome have?

Answer 8

Sex-determining region (SRY) gene which causes the gonads to differentiate into testes

Question 9

Where is the ova or egg produced

Answer 9

In the follicles in the the ovaries

Question 10

Every month…

Answer 10

An egg is ovulated in to the peritoneal sac and drawn into the Fallopian tube or oviduct

Question 11

Oogonium

Answer 11

One haploid ovum and variable polar bodies

Question 12

Primary oocytes

Answer 12

At birth all oogonia have already undergone replication and are arrested in prophase I

Question 13

Secondary oocyte

Answer 13

Ovulated egg each month and arrested in metaphase II

Question 14

Oocytes are surrounded by…

Answer 14

Zona pellucida and corona radiata

Question 15

Zona pellucida

Answer 15

An acellular misfire of glycoproteins that protect the oocyte and contain necessary compounds for sperm binding

Question 16

Corona radiata

Answer 16

Layer of cells that adhere to the oocyte during ovulation

Question 17

Follicular phase

Answer 17

 Usually lasts about 10 days
 Follicle-stimulating (FSH)
hormone is released by the
pituitary to begin ovulation
 FSH stimulates the follicle and
ovum to mature
 Resulting in the release of
Estrogen and preparation
of the uterine lining

Question 18

Ovulation has

Answer 18

 The pituitary stops producing
FSH and starts producing
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
 Now 3 Hormones - LH,
estrogen, and FSH arecirculating
within the female
body. Estrogen + feedback
 At day 14 in the menstrual
cycle, the follicle ruptures
and the ovum is released
(Ovulation)

Question 19

Luteal phase

Answer 19

Secretes Progesterone and
continues to do so if the
egg is fertilized. High progesterone (-) feed back on GnRH, FSH and LH
 Prevents further ovulation
and maintains the uterine
lining
 Lasts about 14 days

Question 20

Menstruation

Answer 20

When there is no fertilization and as estrogen and progesterone drop, endometrial lining sloughed off and the block of GnRH production removed

 The corpus luteum diminishes
progesterone production

Question 21

Pregnancy

Answer 21

Blastula produces human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) which maintains sprouts luteum

Question 22

Menopause

Answer 22

When ovaries stop producing estrogen and progesterone and stopes FSH and LH levels to rise

Question 23

From birth to before ovulation all cells in

Answer 23

Prophase I and called primary oocytes

Question 24

At ovulation cell completes

Answer 24

Meiosis I and arrested in metaphase II as haploid and called secondary oocyte. When sperm penetrates through secondary oocyte it’s completes meiosis II to mature ovum

Question 25

Estrogen known cause of

Answer 25

Growth of endometrial lining in follicular phase

Question 26

In males FSH stimulates

Answer 26

Sertoli cells and triggers spermatogenesis

Question 27

In females FSH stimulates

Answer 27

Development of ovarian follicles

Question 28

In males LH stimulates

Answer 28

Causes interstitial cells to produce tetosterone

Question 29

In females LH stimulates

Answer 29

Causes ovulation and release of progesterone by corpus lumen