Vocabulary- Thanatology: Psychology and Counseling Flashcards
Counselor takes a live speaking role, asking questions, suggesting courses of action, etc.
Directive Counseling
Specialized techniques which are used to help people with complicated grief reactions.
Grief Therapy (Worden’s definition)
Giving undivided attention by means of verbal and non-verbal behavior.
Attending (Listening)
Adjustment, motivational in nature, to be achieved.
Goals
Helping people facilitate uncomplicated grief to a health completion of the tasks of grieving within a reasonable tie frame.
Grief Counseling
The experience of the emotion of grief.
Bereavement
Two units regarded as a pair; for example: husband and wife.
Dyad
A process occurring with losses aimed at loosening the attachment to that which as been lost for appropriate reinvestment.
Griefwork (Lindemann’s definition)
A brief review of points covered in a portion of the counseling session.
Summary
The intense physical and emotional expression of grief occurring as the awareness increases of a loss of someone or something significant.
Acute Grief
The ability to enter into and share the feelings of others.
Empathy
Feelings and their expression.
Affect
Historically, an inn for travelers, especially one kept by a religious order; also used to indicate a concept designed to treat patients with a life-limiting condition.
Hospice
The ability to be considerate and friendly as demonstrated by both verbal and non-verbal behaviors.
Warmth and Caring (Wolfelt’s definition)
The state of estrangement an individual feels in social settings that are viewed as foreign, unpredictable or unacceptable.
Alienation
Syndrome characterized by the presence of grief in anticipation of death or loss; the actual death comes as a confirmation of knowledge of a life-limiting condition.
Anticipatory Grief
Any act that is charged with symbolic content.
Ritual
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.
AIDS
The defense mechanism by which a person is unable or refuses to see things as they are because such facts are threatening to the self.
Denial
According to Carl Rogers, accepting the client or counselee as he or she is, and for what he or she is without imposing judgements of stipulations.
Positive Regard
Grief extending over a long period of time without resolution.
Complicated (Unresolved, Chronic) Grief
Interventions for a highly emotional, temporary state in which individuals overcome by feelings of anxiety, grief, confusion, or pain are unable to act in a realistic, normal manner. Intentional responses which help individuals in a crisis situation.
Crisis Counseling
Sincere feelings for the person who is trying to adjust to a serious loss.
Sympathy
The ability to present one’s self sincerely.
Genuineness
The individual seeking assistance or guidance.
Counselee
That which is expressed by posture, facial expression, actions, physical behavior; that which is communicated by any means except verbally.
Non-Verbal Communication
A conscious postponement of addressing anxieties and concerns.
Suppression
The assumption of blame directed toward one’s self by others.
Shame
The study of death.
Thanatology
The ability to communicate the belief that everyone possesses the capacity and right to choose alternatives and make decisions.
Respect (Wolfelt’s definition)
The study of human behavior.
Psychology
The sudden and unexpected death of an apparently healthy infant, which remains unexplained after a complete autopsy and a review of the circumstances around the death.
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS, Crib Death)
Persons are usually conscious of the relationship of the reaction to the death, but the reaction to the current experience is excessive and disabling.
Exaggerated Grief (Worden)
A learned emotional response to death-related phenomenon which is characterized by extreme apprehension.
Death Anxiety
Fear or anxiety caused by the sudden realization of danger created by the impact of the shock.
Alarm
Centering a client’s thinking and feelings on the situation causing a problem and assisting the person in choosing the behavior or adjustment to solve the problem.
Focusing
An adaptive maneuver characterized by an inability or unwillingness to act with the aim of asserting or sustaining individual control, autonomy or self-esteem.
Resistance
Counseling in which a counselor shares a body of special information with a counselee.
Informal Counseling
The state of being prevented from attaining a purpose; thwarted; the blocking of the satisfaction of a perceived need by some kind of obstacle.
Frustration
A relation of harmony, conformity, accord or affinity established in any human interaction.
Rapport
A death has occurred and the funeral director is counseling with the family as they select the services and items of merchandise in completing arrangements for the funeral service of their choice.
At-Need Counseling
A set of symptoms associated with loss.
Grief Syndrome (Lindemann’s definition)
Feelings such as happiness, anger or grief, created by brain patterns accompanied by bodily changes.
Emotions
Blame directed toward one’s self based on real or unreal conditions.
Guilt
Spoken, oral communication.
Verbal Communication
An irrational, exaggerated fear of death.
Thanatophobia
A formal act or observance that may or may not have symbolic content.
Ceremony
An adjustment process which involves grief or sorrow over a period of time and helps in the reorganization of the life of an individual following a loss or death of someone loved.
Mourning
The study of human behavior as related to funeral service.
Funeral Service Psychology
Detailed examples of adjustments, choices or alternatives to the client or counselee, from which a course of action may be selected.
Illustrating
Expressing a thought or idea in an alternate and sometimes shortened form.
Paraphrasing
An unsuccessful attempt made by the person to end his or her own life.
Suicidal Gesture
Preoccupied and intense thoughts about the deceased.
Searching
Occurs when persons experience symptoms and behaviors which cause them difficulty but they do not see or recognize the fact that these are related to the loss.
Masked Grief
The rite of finality in a funeral service preceding cremation, earth burial, entombment or burial at sea.
Committal Service
An organized, flexible, purposeful, group centered, time-limited response to death which reflects reverence, dignity and respect.
Funeral Rite
An emotion or set of emotions due to a loss.
Grief
Blame directed toward another person.
Anger
Those appropriate and helpful acts of counseling that come after the funeral.
Post-Funeral Counseling
A general term for the exchange of information, feelings, thoughts and acts between two or more people, including both verbal and non-verbal aspects of this interchange.
Communication
Inhibited, suppressed or postponed response to a loss.
Delayed Grief Reaction
A state of tension, typically characterized by rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath and another similar ramifications of arousal of the autonomic nervous system; an emotion characterized by a vague fear or premonition that something undesirable is going to happen.
Anxiety
To assist understanding of the circumstances or situations the individual is experiencing, and to assist that person in the selection of an alternative adjustment if necessary.
Facilitate
A phrase coined by Carl Rogers to refer to that type of counseling where one comes actively and voluntarily to gain help on a problem. but without any notion of surrendering his own responsibility for the situation; a non-directive method of counseling which stresses the inherent worth of the client and the natural capacity for growth and health.
Client-Centered (Non-Directive; Rogerian; Person-Centered) Counseling
The individual’s ability to adjust to the psychological and emotional changes brought on by a stressful event such as the death of a significant other.
Adaptation
A highly emotional temporary state in which an individual’s feelings of anxiety, grief, confusion or pain impair his or her ability to act.
Crisis
Strong emotion marked by such reactions as alarm, dread and disquieting.
Fear
The counseling which occurs before a death.
Pre-Need Counseling
Thoughts of ending one’s life.
Suicidal Ideation
Intervention with people whose needs are so specific that usually they can only be met by specially trained physicians or psychologists. The practitioners in this field need special training because they often work with deeper levels of consciousness.
Psychotherapy (Jackson’s definition)
The individual providing assistance and guidance.
Counselor
A strong emotion characterized by sudden and extreme fear.
Panic
A defense mechanism in which anger is redirected toward a person or object other than the one who caused the anger originally.
Displaced Aggression
An act or practice of allowing the death of persons suffering from a life-threatening condition.
Euthanasia (Right to Die)
The reaction of the body to an event often experienced emotionally as a sudden, violent, and upsetting disturbance.
Shock
According to Simos, a compelling need by which the individual attempts to restore inner psychological equilibrium, uniting past, present and future in the cycle from loss and the fear of loss to this.
Restitution
Guilt felt by the survivors.
Survivor Guilt
According to client-centered counseling, the necessary quality of a counselor being in touch with reality and with other’s perception of one-self.
Congruence
It is the tendency in human beings to make strong affectional bonds with others coming from the need for security and safety.
Attachment Theory (Bowlby)
Good communication within and between men; or good (free) communication within or between men is always therapeutic.
Counseling (Roger’s definition)
Advise, especially that given as a result of consultation.
Counseling (Webster’s definition)
Related to specific situations in life that may create crises and product human pain and suffering. This type of counseling adds another dimension to the giving of information in that it deals with significant feelings that are produced by life crises.
Situational Counseling
A statement or action designed or perceived to create anxiety in an individual’s life.
Threat
A therapeutic experience for reasonably healthy persons. Do not confuse this with psychotherapy which is treatment for emotionally disturbed persons, who seek, or are referred for assistance with pathological problems. A counselor’s clients are encouraged to see assistance before they develop serious neurotic, psychotic, or chacterological disorders.
Counseling (Ohlsen’s definition)
Support or support system provided to the counselee who is seeking an alternative adjustment to problems.
Guidance
Choice of actions provided through counseling as a means of solving the counselee’s problem.
Option
Any time someone helps someone else with a problem.
Counseling (Jackson’s definition)
A deliberate act of self-destruction.
Suicide
Any event, person or object that lessens the degree of pain in grief.
Mitigation
A defense mechanism used in grief to return to more familiar and often more primitive modes of coping.
Regression
A term to describe the experience of grief, especially in young bereaved parents, where mourning customs are unclear due to an inappropriate death and the absence of prior bereavement experience; typical in a society that has attempted to minimize the impact of death through medical control of disease and social control of those who deal with the dying and the dead.
Anomic Grief
Providing a choice of services and merchandise available as families make a selection and complete funeral arrangements, formulating different actions in adjusting to a crisis.
Alternatives
The killing of one human being by another.
Homicide
