Viruses

Question 1

Virus

Answer 1

Genomic material encapsulated in a protein capsid, very small. Usually don’t have enzymes or organelles. Not alive, dependent on host cell. parasitic. Can be used for cloning via transduction.

Question 2

Animal Virus gets through cell via

Answer 2

endocytosis. It’s cell membrane is the hosts cell membrane.

Question 3

Bacteriophage gets through cell via

Answer 3

squirting DNA from head, down through tail and into the cell wall.

Question 4

Bacteriophage lytic cycle

Answer 4

1.Absorption, 2.penetration, 3.Hydrolase, 4.replication of the viral genome, 5.assembly of new virus particles, 6.production of lysozyme.

disadvantageous because it will keep killing host cells until they are all killed off and the virus dies.

Question 5

Bacteriophage lysogenic cycle

Answer 5

1. absorption, 2.penetration, 3.integration, 4.dorminancy, 5. activation

Question 6

What are bacteria’s defense against viruses

Answer 6

Restriction enzymes. It recognizes it’s own DNA because it will methylate them and the restriction enzymes will only attack the non methylated DNA (virus DNA)

Question 7

[+] RNA viruses

Answer 7

genome made of single stranded RNA. Sense Strand, codes for proteins.

Question 8

[-} RNA viruses

Answer 8

Doesn’t code for proteins, antisense strand. Has to turn into [+] RNA via RNA-dep RNA pol. RNA pol is present in the capsid with the virus.

Question 9

Retroviruses

Answer 9

Uses RNA transcriptase to turn RNA into DNA. HIV. technically a [+] RNA because genome made up entirely of RNA.