Cellular Biology

Question 1

What are the kingdoms?

Answer 1

Bacteria, archaea,Protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

Question 2

What does the word prokaryote mean?

Answer 2

Before nucleus

Question 3

Characteristics of cell membrane

Answer 3

Selective permeability, fluid mosaic model, charged particles cross membrane through protein channels with carrier proteins

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Controls cell activity, surrounded by nuclear membrane, contains DNA (complexed with histones to form chromosomes), nucleolus is where rRNA synthesis occurs

Question 5

Ribosome

Answer 5

Site of protein production and are synthesized by nucleolus, free ribosomes found in cytoplasm, bound ribosomes line Roungh ER

Question 6

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 6

Contains ribosomes and plays important role in production of proteins

Question 7

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 7

Metabolism and production of lipids

Question 8

Golgi apparatus

Answer 8

Received vesicles and their contents from the smooth ER and modifies them, packages them into vesicles, distributes them to the cell surface for exocytosis

Question 9

Mitochondria

Answer 9

Site of aerobic respiration, supplies energy in form of ATP. Outer and inner phospholipid bilayer

Question 10

Cytoplasm

Answer 10

Most of the metabolic activity is here. Transport occurs in cytosol by cyclosis

Question 11

Vacuoles/vesicles

Answer 11

Membrane bound sacs involved in the transfer and storage of materials that are ingested, secreted, processed, or digested by the cell

Question 12

Centrioles

Answer 12

Composed of microtubules, involved in spindle organization during cell division. Not membrane bound, oriented at right angles to each other in region called centre some

Question 13

Lysosomes

Answer 13

Membrane bound, contain hydrolytic enzymes involved in intracellular digestion. Cell self-destruction caused by rupturing lysosome and releasing hydrolytic enzymes (autolysis)

Question 14

Cytoskeleton

Answer 14

Supports cell, maintains its shape, aids in motility. Microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments

Question 15

Summarize the Cell Theory

Answer 15

All living things composed of cells
Cell is basic functional unit of life
Chemical rxn of life take place inside cell
Cells arise only from pre-existing cells
Cells carry genetic info as DNA. Passed from parent cell to daughter cell