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Vessels and Circulation (Ch 23) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the arteries of the thorax/abdomen?

A 
Right coronary artery
Left coronary artery
Pulmonary trunk and lungs
Right and left pulmonary arteries
Ascending aorta, aortic arch, descending aorta, abdominal aorta
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2
Q

What are the veins of the thorax/abdomen?

A

superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
brachiocephalic vein

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3
Q

What are the arteries of the head/neck?

A 
3 Branches of the aortic arch: 
Brachiocephalic trunk
Right common carotid*
Right subclavian*
Left subclavian*
Left common carotid artery*
* Right and left common carotids have 2 branches
		Internal carotid artery
		External carotid artery
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4
Q

What are the veins of the head/neck?

A

Internal jugular vein

external jugular vein

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5
Q

What are the arteries of the upper limb?

A 
Right and left subclavian arteries (to arm)
Axillary artery (was subclavian)
Brachial artery (was axillary artery)
Radial and ulnar arteries
Superficial Palmar Arch
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6
Q

What are the veins of the upper limb?

A

Basilic vein
Median cubital vein
Cephalic vein

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7
Q

What are the arteries of the pelvis/lower limb?

A 
Common iliac arteries
Internal iliac arteries
External iliac arteries
External iliac becomes: femoral artery (in thigh)
Deep femoral
Anterior tibial artery
Posterior tibial artery
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8
Q

What are the veins of the pelvis/lower limb?

A

Great saphenous vein

Small saphenous vein

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9
Q

What are veins?

A

vessels that carry blood to the heart

-for the most part, run parallel to arteries with same name

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10
Q

Superior Vena Cava

A

(major systemic vein) drains head/upper limbs

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11
Q

Inferior Vena Cava

A

(major systemic vein) drains abdomen, pelvis, lower limbs

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12
Q

What are the major systemic veins?

A

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

  • all other veins drain into these
  • venous blood returns to right atrium
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13
Q

What veins feed into the superior vena cava?

A
  1. L Subclavian + L Internal Jugular = L Brachiocephalic vein –> Superior Vena Cava
  2. R Subclavian + L Internal Jugular = R Brachiocephalic vein –> Superior Vena Cava
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14
Q

What are the tributaries to the Internal Jugular Vein?

A
  1. Superficial Temporal Vein: drains scalp

2. Facial Vein: drains face

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15
Q

Internal Jugular Vein

A

main drainage for head/face

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16
Q

Azygos Vein

A

main drainage for thorax (including intercostal veins) –> drains into superior vena cava

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17
Q

What are the veins of the superficial arm?

A
  1. Cephalic Vein
  2. Basilic Vein
  3. Median Cubital Vein
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18
Q

Cephalic Vein

A

drains later part of upper limb –> joins axillary vein to form subclavian vein
-superficial to muscles/deep to skin

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19
Q

Basilic Vein

A

drains upper medial side of arm + joins brachial vein = axillary vein

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20
Q

Median Cubital Vein

A

connects cephalic and basilic veins

-in inner-elbow (draw blood here)

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21
Q

What are the veins of the pelvis/lower limb?

A
  1. Popliteal Vein
  2. Great Saphenous Vein
  3. Femoral Vein
  4. External Iliac Vein
  5. Internal Iliac Vein
  6. Common Iliac Vein
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22
Q

Popliteal Vein

A

posterior of knee

-becomes femoral at popliteal fossa

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23
Q

Great Saphenous Vein

A

runs superficially along medial side of thigh

-joins femoral vein superiorly (through fascia)

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24
Q

Femoral Vein

A

runs down femur

-joins external iliac vein on way to heart

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25
External Iliac Vein
in pelvis --> common iliac
26
Internal Iliac Vein
feeds into upper pelvis (small) --> common iliac
27
Common Iliac Vein
made of external iliac + internal iliac | -drains into inferior vena cava
28
What are the veins of the foot/leg?
1. Great Saphenous Vein | - -> all others match their arteries (popliteal, fibular, anterior/posterior tibial)
29
What are the major systemic arteries exiting the heart?
1. Aorta | - aortic arch + branches (brachiocephalic trunk, L common corrupted artery, L subclavian artery)
30
What are the branches of the brachiocephalic trunk?
1. R Subclavian artery 2. R Common Carotid - -> supply R head, neck, and upper limbs
31
Right Subclavian Artery
feeds upper R limb
32
Right Common Carotid Artery
blood supply to head/neck
33
Aorta
exits from L ventricle | -aortic arch + branches supply head, neck, and upper limbs with blood
34
Left Common Carotid Artery
superior through neck, supplies blood to head/neck
35
Left Subclavian Artery
laterally, supplies L upper limb
36
What are the three branches off the aorta?
1. Brachiocephalic Trunk 2. Left Subclavian Artery 3. Left Common Carotid
37
What are the arteries of the head?
1. Internal Carotid Artery 2. External Carotid Artery - facial artery - maxillary artery - superficial temporal artery
38
Internal Carotid Artery
supplies brain, eyes, and internal skull structures
39
External Carotid Artery
supplies structures external to skull
40
Facial Artery
supplies the facial region
41
Maxillary Artery
supplies teeth, nasal cavity, etc
42
Superficial Temporal Artery
continuation of the external carotid | -supplies is of head/parotid gland
43
What are the arteries of the upper limb?
branches of the Subclavian Artery feed upper limbs, chest, and shoulder muscles 1. Axillary Artery 2. Brachial Artery 3. Deep Brachial 4. Ulnar Artery 5. Radial Artery 6. Superficial Palmar Arch 7. Deep Palmar Arch
44
Axillary Artery
formed from subclavian at axilla | -supplies blood to chest/back
45
Brachial Artery
formed from axillary artery at mid-bicep | -supplies blood to most of arm muscles
46
Deep Brachial Artery
branches off brachial artery | -supplies triceps
47
Ulnar Artery
formed from brachial artery | -supplies medial forearm
48
Radial Artery
formed from brachial artery | -supplies lateral forarm
49
Superficial Palmar Arch
formed from ulnar artery | -supplies superficial hand
50
Deep Palmar Arch
formed from radial artery | -supplies deep hand
51
What are the arteries of the pelvis and upper portion of lower limbs?
1. R and L Common Iliac Arteries 2. Internal Iliac Artery 3. External Iliac Artery - Femoral Artery - Deep Femoral Artery - Popliteal Artery
52
Common Iliac Arteries
formed from abdominal aorta at the lumbar vertebrae | -branches into internal and external iliac arteries
53
Internal Iliac Artery
branched off of common iliac artery | -supplies pelvic region
54
External Iliac Artery
branched off of common iliac artery | -turns into femoral artery --> supply lower limb
55
Femoral Artery
formed from external iliac artery at inguinal ligament, travels down femur -supplies lower limb
56
Deep Femoral Artery
branches off femoral artery superiorly | -supplies thigh muscles
57
Popliteal Artery
continuation of femoral artery, posterior, contained in popliteal fossa -supplies knee
58
What are the arteries of the leg?
1. Popliteal Artery 2. Anterior Tibial Artery 3. Posterior Tibial Artery 4. Fibular Artery 5. Dorsalis pedis Artery
59
Anterior Tibial Artery
branch off of popliteal artery | -supplies anterior lower leg
60
Posterior Tibial Artery
branch off of popliteal artery | -supplies posterior lower leg
61
Fibular Artery
formed from posterior tibial artery | -supplies lateral region of lower leg
62
Dorsalis Pedis Artery
formed from anterior tibial artery, superficial to food | -supplies food (take pulse here)
63
Small Saphenous Vein
travels along the posterior calf, drains into the popliteal vein
64
What is the Pulmonary Circuit?
movement of blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation and back to the heart again
65
What is the Systemic Circuit?
movement of blood from the heart to the body to provide oxygen and nutrients, bringing deoxygenated blood back to the heart
66
What is the path of Coronary Circulation?
1. Lungs 2. Pulmonary Vein 3. L Atrium --> mitral valve 4. L Ventricle --> aortic semilunar valve 5. Aorta --> BODY CIRCULATION 6. Superior/Inferior Vena Cava (from body) 7. R Atrium (tricuspid valve) 8. R Ventricle (pulmonary semilunar valve) 9. Pulmonary artery --> LUNGS
67
Coronary Arteries
emerge from aorta, RIGHT: branches off into posterior interventricular artery LEFT: branches off into anterior interventricular artery -supply blood to the heart and deliver oxygen to heart muscles
68
Anterior Interventricular Artery
branches off L coronary artery, runs between L/R ventricles - supplies anterior surface of ventricles * also called Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD)
69
Posterior Interventricular Artery
branches off R coronary artery | -supplies posterior side of ventricles
70
Coronary Veins
drain directly into R atrium via coronary sinus | 1. Great Cardiac Vein
71
Great Cardiac Vein
runs alongside anterior interventricular artery (LAD)
72
Cardiac Sinus
large vein on posterior side of heart that drains directly into the right atrium -great cardiac veins drains into here
73
Intercostal Arteries and Veins
supply/drain area around ribcage | -veins drain into azygos vein
74
Vertebral Artery
branch off of subclavian artery
75
What are the three layers of blood vessels?
1. Tunica Intima 2. Tunica Media 3. Tunica Externa
76
Tunica Intima
simple squamous epithelium, very smooth | *deepest layer of blood vessel
77
Tunica Media
smooth muscle | *middle layer of blood vessel
78
Tunica Externa
connective tissue | *most superficial layer of blood vessel
79
Blood vessels
profuse the tissues
80
Arteries
- carry oxygen rich blood AWAY from the heart - thicker walls (esp. tunica media) - smaller lumen (hollow passageway) - three types
81
What are the three types of arteries?
1. Elastic- near heart, large 2. Muscular- supply organs, middle sized 3. Arterioles- connect to capillaries, smallest
82
Capillaries
- bring oxygen and nutrients to surrounding tissues, pick up gas/wastes * good for diffusion - smallest vessels --> RBCs travel single file
83
Veins
- carry de-oxygenated blood TO the heart - thicker tunica externa - larger lumen - less elastic --> prone to collapse under pressure - increase in size closer to the heart
84
Venous Return
returning of blood to the heart (usually against gravity) 1. One-way valves- prevent back flow 2. Muscular Pump- skeletal muscles squeeze veins during contraction 3. Respiratory Pump- inhalation increases pressure on veins
85
Varicose Veins
veins no longer straight because valve become incompetent, blood pools
86
Anastomoses
network of interconnected arteries and veins (NOT capillaries) that provide alternate pathway for circulation -found in joins and GI circulation

Anatomy (25 decks)

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