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Anatomy > Axial Musculature (Ch 11) > Flashcards

Axial Musculature (Ch 11) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscle of facial expression?

A
  1. Orbicularius Oris
  2. Orbicularis Oculi
  3. Frontalis
  4. Buccinator
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2
Q

Orbicularis Oris

A
  • sphincter/circular
    action: puckers/closes lips

attachments: (O) skin around mouth and (I) within skin of face

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3
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A
  • sphincter/circular
    action: closes eyelids

attachments: (O) skin around eyelids and (I) within skin of face

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4
Q

Frontalis

A

action: raises eyebrows
attachments: (O) skin on the forehead and (I) within skin of face

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5
Q

Buccinator

A

action: tightens the cheeks
attachments: (O) mandible/maxilla and (I) within skin of face

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6
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A
  1. Temporalis
  2. Masseter
  3. Pterygoids
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7
Q

Temporalis

A

action: elevates and retracts mandible (closes jaw)
attachments: (O) lateral cranium and (I) coronoid process of mandible

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8
Q

Masseter

A

action: elevates mandible (closes jaw)
attachments: (O) zygomatic arch and (I) mandible

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9
Q

Pterygoids

A
  • medial and lateral
    action: elevates and protracts mandible (side to side grinding)

attachments: (O) sphenoid and (I) mandible

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10
Q

Geniglossus

A

action: protracts (protrudes) tongue
attachments: (O) mandible and (I) posterior part of tongue

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11
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Muscle (SCM)

A

actions:

  1. unilateral: flexes head laterally (turns head up and to opposite side)
  2. bilateral: flexes head/neck towards sternum

attachments: (O) mastoid process and (I) medial end of clavicle and sternum

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12
Q

What are the muscles of the thorax?

A
  1. Diaphragm

2. Intercostals

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13
Q

Diaphragm

A

main muscle of respiration

actions:
1. Inspiration: diaphragm muscle contracts (=depresses) and increases size of thoracic cavity
2. Expiration: diaphragm relaxes, thoracic cavity decreases in size

attachments: (O) inside body wall and ribs (I) central tendon

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14
Q

Intercostals

A

respiratory muscles

actions:
1. External Intercostals: elevates ribs, inspiration
2. Internal Intercostals: depresses ribs, expiration (forced)

attachments: ribs

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15
Q

What are the abdominal wall muscles?

A
  1. Rectus Abdominis
  2. External Oblique
  3. Internal Oblique
  4. Transversus Abdominis
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16
Q

Rectus Abdominis

A
  • midline
  • fibers run superior/inferior
    action: flexes trunk

attachments: (O) pubis and (I) ribs and xiphoid process

17
Q

External/Internal Oblique

A

External: lateral
Internal: deep to external oblique
-fibers run obliquely by intercostals
action: flex/rotate trunk

attachments: (O) lower ribs and (I) pelvis and linea alba

18
Q

Transversus Abdominis

A
  • deep to internal oblique
  • deepest abdominal muscles
  • fibers horizontally
    action: compresses abdominal cavity

attachments: (O) posterior body wall and (I) anterior body wall

19
Q

Pelvic Diaphragm

A

Three layers of muscles that form pelvic floor, support abdominal contents

  • spans from ischium and pubis to sacrum and coccyx
  • support pelvic viscera (organs)
  • openings for urethra, anus, and vagina (in females)
  • levator ani muscles + coccygeus muscle + pelvic fascia
  • two hiatuses (holes) to allow passage of urethra/vagina and rectum

action: supports pelvic organs
attachments: (O) pelvic outlet and (I) midline

20
Q

Erector Spinae Muscles

A
  1. Spinalis
  2. Longissimus
  3. Iliocostalis
    Actions:
    -bilateral: extend trunk/neck/head
    -unilateral: laterally flex trunk/neck/head

attachments: (O) pelvis and (I) ribs, vertebrae, and cranium

21
Q

Extraocular Muscles

A
  1. superior rectus
  2. inferior rectus
  3. lateral rectus
  4. medial rectus
  5. superior oblique
  6. inferior oblique
22
Q

Superior Oblique

A
  • extraocular muscle
    action: depresses and abducts eye

attachments: (O) sphenoid and (I) eyeball

23
Q

Inferior Oblique

A
  • extraocular muscle
    action: elevates and abducts eye

attachments: (O) maxilla and (I) eyeball

24
Q

Medial Rectus

A
  • extraocular muscle
    action: adducts eye

attachments: (O) common tendinous ring and (I) eyeball

25
Q

Lateral Rectus

A
  • extraocular muscle
    action: abducts eye

attachments: (O) common tendinous ring and (I) eyeball

26
Q

Inferior Rectus

A
  • extraocular muscle
    action: depresses and adducts eye

attachments: (O) common tendinous ring and (I) eyeball

27
Q

Superior Rectus

A
  • extraocular muscle
    action: elevates and adducts eye

attachments: (O) common tendinous ring and (I) eyeball

28
Q

Zygomaticus Major

A

action: elevates angle of mouth
attachments: (O) angle of mouth and (I) anterior zygomatic

Anatomy (25 decks)

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