Ventricles & CSF Route

Question 1

Define ventricles

Answer 1

Cavities/spaces within the brain

Question 2

What is contained within the ventricles

Answer 2

CSF, which is produced by a vascualr structure choroid plexus which lies inside the ventricles

Question 3

Where do ventricles lie

Answer 3

One is bilateral (a pair with 1 in each hemisphere) and the others are singular structures along the midline with varying shapes/dimensions

Question 4

What does the prosencephalon (forebrain) become

Answer 4

Telencephalon

Diencephalon

Question 5

What does the mesencephalon (midbrain) become

Answer 5

Stays as the mesencephalon

Question 6

What does the rhomboencephalon (hindbrain) become

Answer 6

Metencephalon & myelencephalon

Question 7

Adult brain structures of the telencephalon

Answer 7

CEREBRUM - cerebral hemispheres (cortex, white matter, basal nuclei)

Question 8

Adult brain structures of the diencephalon

Answer 8

Thalamus

Hypothalamus

Epithalamus

Retina

Question 9

Adult brain structures of the mesencephalon

Answer 9

BRAIN STEM - midbrain

Question 10

Adult brain structures of the metencephalon

Answer 10

BRAIN STEM - pons

Cerebellum

Question 11

Adult brain structures of the myelencephalon

Answer 11

BRAIN STEM - medulla oblongata

Question 12

Adult neural canal regions of the cerebrum

Answer 12

Lateral ventricles

Question 13

Adult neural canal regions of the diencephalon

Answer 13

3rd ventricle

Question 14

Adult neural canal regions of the brain stem (midbrain)

Answer 14

Cerebral aqueduct

Question 15

Adult neural canal regions of the brain stem (including the pons and medulla oblongata) and the cerebellum

Answer 15

4th ventricle

Question 16

Adult neural canal regions of the spinal cord

Answer 16

Central canal

Question 17

Overview of development of ventricles

Answer 17

Question 18

What cells line the ventricles

Answer 18

Ependymal cells, which specialise to form choroid plexus

Question 19

Where does the choroid plexus receive an arterial blood supply from

Answer 19

The choroidal arteries

Question 20

What area does CSF fill first

Answer 20

Fills the ventricles first and then proceeds to flow to fill a layer surrounding the brain and spinal cord

Question 21

Where do the lateral ventricles extend through

Answer 21

Each lobe of the cerebrum - the interventricular foramen

Question 22

Where is the 3rd ventricle

Answer 22

In the diencephalon - a single unpaired midline space

Question 23

How does CSF flow into the 3rd ventricle

Answer 23

from the lateral ventricles through the interventricular foramen into the 3rd ventricle

Question 24

What is the cerebral aqueduct

Where does CSF flowing into the cerebral aqueduct come from

Answer 24

A narrow canal through the midbrain of the brainstem

The 3rd ventricle

Question 25

Where is the 4th ventricle located

Answer 25

A singular space posterior to the brainstem and anterior to the cerebellum

Question 26

How does CSF reach the 4th ventricle

Answer 26

CSF flows from the cerebral aqueduct

Question 27

Where does CSF go when it leaves the ventricular system

Answer 27

2 ROUTES * Central canal of the spinal cord * Exit into the layer between the coverings (meninges) of the brain

Question 28

3 core locations of the choroid plexus

Answer 28

1. The floor of the lateral ventricle 2. The roof of the 3rd ventricle 3. The 4th ventricle

Question 29

Lateral view of ventricular system

Answer 29

Question 30

Anterior view of ventricular system

Answer 30

Question 31

Summary of CSF route

Answer 31

Question 32

What is hydrocephalus

Answer 32

* Overproduction of CSF, failure to drain or obstruction of flow * Dilates ventricles * Separates the calvaria in infants * Hydrocephalus occurs with congenital abnormalities, head injury, meningitis and episodes of bleeding into the brain (rupture of pia)

Question 33

At wk 3 of development what happens to the neural tube

Answer 33

Pinches in places to form 3 compartments Direction of flow of CSF is from top to bottom

Question 34

Hollow prosencephaly

Answer 34

The forebrain fails to develop

Question 35

What happens in wk 5

Answer 35

Secondary brain vesicles are formed * Telencephalon (hemispheres are forming) * Diencephalon * Mesencephalon * Metencephalon * Myelencephalon

Question 36

Horns of the lateral ventricles

Answer 36

Anterior Posterior/occipital Inferior/temporal

Question 37

Exit point of CSF from lateral ventricles

Answer 37

Interventricular foramen

Question 38

2 major components of the diencephalon

Answer 38

3rd ventricle Thalamus

Question 39

Periaqueductal grey

Answer 39

Grey matter near the aqueduct Pathways that relay our PAIN sensations

Question 40

How can CSF exit the 4th ventricle

Answer 40

1. Via apertures - median and lateral - flows into SAS - ascends and exits via arachnoid villi (features of meninges) 2. Central canal of spinal cord