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CNS > Ventricles & CSF Route > Flashcards

Ventricles & CSF Route Flashcards

1
Q

Define ventricles

A

Cavities/spaces within the brain

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2
Q

What is contained within the ventricles

A

CSF, which is produced by a vascualr structure choroid plexus which lies inside the ventricles

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3
Q

Where do ventricles lie

A

One is bilateral (a pair with 1 in each hemisphere) and the others are singular structures along the midline with varying shapes/dimensions

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4
Q

What does the prosencephalon (forebrain) become

A

Telencephalon

Diencephalon

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5
Q

What does the mesencephalon (midbrain) become

A

Stays as the mesencephalon

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6
Q

What does the rhomboencephalon (hindbrain) become

A

Metencephalon & myelencephalon

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7
Q

Adult brain structures of the telencephalon

A

CEREBRUM - cerebral hemispheres (cortex, white matter, basal nuclei)

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8
Q

Adult brain structures of the diencephalon

A

Thalamus

Hypothalamus

Epithalamus

Retina

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9
Q

Adult brain structures of the mesencephalon

A

BRAIN STEM - midbrain

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10
Q

Adult brain structures of the metencephalon

A

BRAIN STEM - pons

Cerebellum

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11
Q

Adult brain structures of the myelencephalon

A

BRAIN STEM - medulla oblongata

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12
Q

Adult neural canal regions of the cerebrum

A

Lateral ventricles

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13
Q

Adult neural canal regions of the diencephalon

A

3rd ventricle

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14
Q

Adult neural canal regions of the brain stem (midbrain)

A

Cerebral aqueduct

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15
Q

Adult neural canal regions of the brain stem (including the pons and medulla oblongata) and the cerebellum

A

4th ventricle

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16
Q

Adult neural canal regions of the spinal cord

A

Central canal

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17
Q

Overview of development of ventricles

A
18
Q

What cells line the ventricles

A

Ependymal cells, which specialise to form choroid plexus

19
Q

Where does the choroid plexus receive an arterial blood supply from

A

The choroidal arteries

20
Q

What area does CSF fill first

A

Fills the ventricles first and then proceeds to flow to fill a layer surrounding the brain and spinal cord

21
Q

Where do the lateral ventricles extend through

A

Each lobe of the cerebrum - the interventricular foramen

22
Q

Where is the 3rd ventricle

A

In the diencephalon - a single unpaired midline space

23
Q

How does CSF flow into the 3rd ventricle

A

from the lateral ventricles through the interventricular foramen into the 3rd ventricle

24
Q

What is the cerebral aqueduct

Where does CSF flowing into the cerebral aqueduct come from

A

A narrow canal through the midbrain of the brainstem

The 3rd ventricle

25
Q

Where is the 4th ventricle located

A

A singular space posterior to the brainstem and anterior to the cerebellum

26
Q

How does CSF reach the 4th ventricle

A

CSF flows from the cerebral aqueduct

27
Q

Where does CSF go when it leaves the ventricular system

A

2 ROUTES

  • Central canal of the spinal cord
  • Exit into the layer between the coverings (meninges) of the brain
28
Q

3 core locations of the choroid plexus

A
  1. The floor of the lateral ventricle
  2. The roof of the 3rd ventricle
  3. The 4th ventricle
29
Q

Lateral view of ventricular system

A
30
Q

Anterior view of ventricular system

A
31
Q

Summary of CSF route

A
32
Q

What is hydrocephalus

A
  • Overproduction of CSF, failure to drain or obstruction of flow
  • Dilates ventricles
  • Separates the calvaria in infants
  • Hydrocephalus occurs with congenital abnormalities, head injury, meningitis and episodes of bleeding into the brain (rupture of pia)
33
Q

At wk 3 of development what happens to the neural tube

A

Pinches in places to form 3 compartments

Direction of flow of CSF is from top to bottom

34
Q

Hollow prosencephaly

A

The forebrain fails to develop

35
Q

What happens in wk 5

A

Secondary brain vesicles are formed

  • Telencephalon (hemispheres are forming)
  • Diencephalon
  • Mesencephalon
  • Metencephalon
  • Myelencephalon
36
Q

Horns of the lateral ventricles

A

Anterior

Posterior/occipital

Inferior/temporal

37
Q

Exit point of CSF from lateral ventricles

A

Interventricular foramen

38
Q

2 major components of the diencephalon

A

3rd ventricle

Thalamus

39
Q

Periaqueductal grey

A

Grey matter near the aqueduct

Pathways that relay our PAIN sensations

40
Q

How can CSF exit the 4th ventricle

A
  1. Via apertures - median and lateral - flows into SAS - ascends and exits via arachnoid villi (features of meninges)
  2. Central canal of spinal cord

CNS (36 decks)

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