Vegetable Propagation Flashcards
vegetable propagation
asexual reproduction
features of sexual reproduction
involves two parents
fusion of male and female gametes
offspring genetically different
occurs in gametes: sex organs
features of asexual reproduction
involves one parent
no fusion, no gametes
offspring genetically identical
occurs in somatic cells: roots, stem, leaf, flower
advantages of sexual reproduction
cross pollination ensures variation
more resistant to disease
seeds can remain dormant and survive unfavourable conditions
disadvantages of sexual reproduction
complex process
slow growth of young plants to maturity
not all characteristics are desirable in plants produced
advantages of asexual reproduction
reliable simple process
rapid growth
desirable characteristics maintained
disadvantages of asexual reproduction
no variations - can be advantage in commercial horticulture
more susceptible to disease
no seeds formed - no dormancy
natural vegetable propogation
modified stem (runner) modified root(root tuber) modified bud (bulbs) modified leaves (plantlets)
runners
horizontal stems that grow above ground from which new plants grow
eg strawberry, creeping buttercup
root tuber
swollen root, remains dormant in winter and grows in new plants
eg sweet potato
plantlets
leaves that fall off and grow into new plants
eg begonia, cactus
bulbs
contains an underground stem, starch stored to help bud growth
fate of bulb parts:
main bud (apical bud)- new shoot
the side buds (lateral buds)- new shoots
advantages of artificial vegetative propagation
rapid
more reliable
desirable characteristics maintained
artificial vegetative propagation types
cuttings
grafting
layering
micro propagation
cuttings
parts of a plant (usually shoots) removed, rooting powder is added
eg busy lizzie, geranium
