Fungi Flashcards
prokaryotic
contain no membrane bound nucleus or membrane bound organelle
eukaryotic
contains a membrane bound nucleus and membrane bound organelle
asepsis
excluding pathogens from as much of the environment as possible
sterile
free from all micro organisms
heterotrophic
organisms that are not capable of making their own food
autotrophic
organisms capable of making their own food using energy
saprophytic
organisms that obtain their food from dead organisms
parasitic
two organisms of different species that live together where one benefits and causes harm to the other
obligate parasites
obtain their food from a living host but do not kill them
facultative parasites
obtain their food by killing the host and feeding on the remains
symbiotic
organisms that live in close contact with a second species and at least one organism benefits
mycology
study of fungi
five kingdoms of living things
animalia plantae monera protista fungi
main features of the kingdom of fungi
heterotrophic
eukaryotic
mainly multicellular (excl. yeast)
have cell walls made of chitin
important structures of all fungi
hyphae
mycelium
cell walls made of chitin
chitin
carbohydrate that gives cell wall strength
role of parasites
natural selection
eg athlete’s foot
role of saprophytic organisms
responsible for decomposition
eg mushrooms and mould
examples of fungi
edible eg field mushrooms
poisonous eg death cap, destroying angel
economic importance of fungi
beneficial fungi:
yeast - used to make bread/alcohol
source of food - eg mushrooms
harmful fungi:
infection - eg athlete’s foot
food spoilage - eg Rhizopus on bread
rhizopus reproduction
asexual - by spores
sexual - by hyphae
rhizopus mode of nutrition
saprophytes - feed on bread, veg. peelings
hypha
single threadlike
multinucleate (haploid)
function: digest and absorb substrate
mycelium structure
made up of large numbers of hyphae