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USMLE Step 2 > UWorld_8.02 > Flashcards

UWorld_8.02 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Colon cancer screening

A
  • @ >50yo

- if 1ST DEG. RELATIVE: @ 40yo or 10y before dx

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2
Q

Tricuspid valve atresia presentation/findings

A
  • cyanotic heart disease w/hypoplastic R ventricle
  • EKG: left axis deviation, peaked p waves
  • CXR: decreased pulmonary markings
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3
Q

Total anamolous pulmonary venous return presentation/findinsgs

A
  • all 4 pulm. veins fail to connect to L. atrium
  • R atrial enlargement
  • ECG: R ventricular hypertrophy, R axis deviation
  • CXR: increased pulm. markings
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4
Q

Management of hyperCa

A
  • severe ==> IV hydration + calcitonin, avoid loop diuretics if possible; long term = bisphosphonates
  • moderate/mild ==> avoid thiazides/Li/volume depletion
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5
Q

Dx of HIT

A
  • serotonin release assay

- start tx before confirmatory tests (stop hep & start thrombin inhibitor)

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6
Q

Tx of frostbite

A
  • rapid re-warming with warm water

- do not debride immediately; re-eval after re-warming

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7
Q

HIV-assoc. kidney disease

A

FSGS

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8
Q

Tx in PAD

A
  • PAD = type of ASCVD ==>

- ASA + statin

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9
Q

CMV colitis ==> ?

A

bloody diarrhea @ HIV pt. w/CD4

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10
Q

Evaluation of diarrhea @ HIV patient

A
  1. stool test for ova/parasites
  2. c. diff antigen
  3. acid fast stain ==> cryptosporidium
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11
Q

Sporotrichosis vs. Poison ivy contact dermatitis

A
  • contact dermatits ==> vesicular, erythematous rash

- sporotrichosis ==> ulcerating, pustular nodules

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12
Q

Ca/Phos in paget disease of bone

A

usually normal

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13
Q

Day care worker with joint pains ==> dx?

A

viral arthritis/parvovirus B19

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14
Q

normal LV ejection fraction

A

> 50%

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15
Q

Cervical mucus during menstrual cycle phases

A
  • ovulatory = profuse, clear, thin, stretchy
  • mid/late luteal = thicker, less stretchy
  • follicular = thick, scant, acidic
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16
Q

Causes of infective endocarditis

A

-s. aureus

17
Q

Laxative abuse presentation

A
  • frequent, watery diarrhea ~10-20 BMs/day

- dx = biopsy w/dark brown discoloration + lymph follicles shining pale patches (melanosis coli)

18
Q

Reversible cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy

A

hemochromatosis

19
Q

Poor signs on ABG in asthma exacerbation

A

normal/elevated PaCO2

20
Q

Causes/pathophysiology of NAFLD

A

insulin resistance + increased lipolysis, TG synth, hepatic uptake of FAs

21
Q

Tx of trigeminal neuralgia

A

carbamazepine

22
Q

Complicated parapneumonic effusion vs. empyema

A
  • both = pH .6
  • complicated = negative gram stain/culture
  • empyema = positive gram stain/culture
23
Q

biliary colic vs. acute cholecystitis pathophysiology

A
  • biliary colic 2/2 increased intragallbladder pressure during contraction (after meal) against obstructed duct
  • cholecystitis 2/2 inflamed/infected mucosa
24
Q

SE of norepinephrine

A

vasospasm ==> necrosis @ digits, intestines, kidneys

25
Q

“spared eye injury” presentation

A

-penetrating injury to one eye ==> uncovered antigens ==> immune-mediated inflammation of other eye

26
Q

Respiratory effects of flattened diaphragm in COPD

A

increased work of breathing

27
Q

Tests for suspicion of acromegaly

A
  1. IGF1

2. oral glucose supression test ==> inadequate suppression ==> MRI of brain

28
Q

FSH/LH in premature ovarian failure

A

> 1.0 (FSH > LH increase)

29
Q

Cancer type assoc. w/paraneoplastic syndromes

A

small cell lung cancer

30
Q

Common paraneoplastic syndromes

A
  • SIADH
  • PTHrH
  • cushings
  • hypercoag
  • LE myasthenic syndrome
  • dermatomyositis
31
Q

+FOBT + RUQ pain + hard liver ==> dx?

A

metastatic GI cancer ==> liver

32
Q

Creutzfeld_Jakob preserntatiom

A
  • rapidly progressive dementia
  • myoclonus
  • EEG: sharp, triphasic, synchronous discharges
33
Q

Tertiary syphillis presentation

A
  • sensory ataxia
  • lancinating back pains
  • neurogenic urinary incontinence
  • Argyll robinson pupil = miotic, irregular; accomadates but doesn’t constrict w/light
34
Q

Erythema nodosum presentation/associations

A
  • painful, subq nodules @ anterior lower legs +/- athralgias near nodules
  • assoc. w/strep, sarcoid, TB, IBD, coccidio, Behcet
35
Q

Erythema nodosum evaluation

A
  • basic labs
  • anti strep-O
  • TB skin test
  • CXR
36
Q

Medication to facilitate kidney stone passage

A

alpha-1 receptor blockers, e.g. tamsulocin

37
Q

TSS presentation

A
  • assoc. w/tampons, nasal packing, post-surgery infections
  • fever
  • myalgia
  • marked hypotension
  • diffuse erythematous macular rash
38
Q

Cause of renal stones in chrohn’s

A

increased absorption of oxalate in setting of fat malabsorption ==> increased stone formation

39
Q

Botulism vs. GBS weakness

A

botulism = descending vs. GBS = ascending

USMLE Step 2 (38 decks)

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