UWorld_7.22 Flashcards

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1
Q

Ludwig’s angina presentation

A
  • infection @ submandibular and sublingual glands
  • source = infected tooth
  • can lead to asphyxiation
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2
Q

Ludwig’s angina tx

A

abx & removal of infected tooth

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3
Q

Cyclophosphamide SE

A
  • acute hemorrhagic cystitis
  • bladder carcinoma**
  • sterility
  • myelosuppression
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4
Q

Pronator drift ==> neurologic lesion?

A

-UMN/pyramidal tract lesion

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5
Q

Proprioception testing

A
  • passive movement of extremity/digits

- Romberg test ==> unsteady

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6
Q

Basal ganglia dysfxn presentation

A
  • extrapyramidal sx
  • resting tremor
  • rigidity
  • bradykinesia
  • choreiform
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7
Q

Light’s criteria for transudative pleural effustion

A

-protein

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8
Q

Light’s criteria for exudative pleural effustion

A
  • protein > 0.5
  • LDH > 0.6; LDH > 2/3 upper normal serum LDH
  • causes: infection, malignancy, PE
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9
Q

Positioning impact on oxygenation in PNA

A
  • V/Q mismatch leads to decreased O2 sats

- changing position to place lung consolidaiton on dependent side ==> increased shunting/ V/Q mismath

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10
Q

Risk in chronic GERD

A

barret’s esophagus ==> adenocarcinoma of esophagus

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11
Q

Cerebral toxo vs. PML in HIV pt.

A
Toxo = ring-enhancing lesions
PML = non-enhancing lesions
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12
Q

Diamond-Blackfan syndrome presentation

A
  • pure red cell aplasia
  • short stature
  • webbed neck
  • cleft lip
  • shield chest
  • triphalangeal thumbs
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13
Q

Schizophreniform d/o criteria

A

> 1mo &

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14
Q

Schizophrenia d/o criteria

A

6 mo. psychotic sx/fxnl decline

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15
Q

Constrictive pericarditis presentation

A
  • fatigue, DOE
  • peripheral edema/ascites
  • increased JVP
  • pericardial knock (middiastolic sound)
  • pulsus paradoxus
  • Kussmaul’s sign (increase of JVP on inspiration)
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16
Q

What kind of bias is attrition bias?

A

selection bias

17
Q

Selection biases

A
  • sampling bias
  • nonresponse bias
  • berkson bias: @ hospital-based pt.s
  • prevalence bias
  • attrition bias
18
Q

Observational biases

A
  • recall bias
  • observer bias
  • reporting bias
  • surveillance bias
19
Q

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia presentation

A
  • benign asx hypercalcemia
  • high/normal PTH
  • low urine Ca
20
Q

Primary hyperparathyroidism urine ca?

A

elevated Urine ca/cr clearance ration

21
Q

Complication of traumatic penetrating injury to thigh

A

ateriovenous fistula

22
Q

Evaluation of adolescents w/behavior change

A

tox screen

23
Q

Amantadine: MOA, use

A
  • amantadine = DA agonist

- tx of parkinsons

24
Q

Alzheimer’s tx

A

cholinesterase inhibitor, e.g. donepezil

25
Q

Deformed foot in pt w/DM ==> dx?

A

charcot joint (neurogenic arthropathy)

26
Q

Arthritis with chondrocalcinosis ==> dx?

A

-calcium pyrophosphate dihyrdrate crystal deposition = pseudogout

27
Q

Evaluation/testing in pseudogout

A

evaluation for secondary causes: hyperparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, hemochromatosis

28
Q

Causes of PNA in cystic fibrosis

A
  • pseudomonas

- >20yo: pseudomonas > staph

29
Q

Secondary causes of HTN

A
  • renal parenchymal disease
  • renovascular disease
  • primary aldosteronism
  • pheo
  • cushing’s
  • hypothyroidism
  • primary hyperparathyroidism
  • coarctation of aorta
30
Q

Cardiac exam during acute MI

A

S4