UWorld_7.22 Flashcards
Ludwig’s angina presentation
- infection @ submandibular and sublingual glands
- source = infected tooth
- can lead to asphyxiation
Ludwig’s angina tx
abx & removal of infected tooth
Cyclophosphamide SE
- acute hemorrhagic cystitis
- bladder carcinoma**
- sterility
- myelosuppression
Pronator drift ==> neurologic lesion?
-UMN/pyramidal tract lesion
Proprioception testing
- passive movement of extremity/digits
- Romberg test ==> unsteady
Basal ganglia dysfxn presentation
- extrapyramidal sx
- resting tremor
- rigidity
- bradykinesia
- choreiform
Light’s criteria for transudative pleural effustion
-protein
Light’s criteria for exudative pleural effustion
- protein > 0.5
- LDH > 0.6; LDH > 2/3 upper normal serum LDH
- causes: infection, malignancy, PE
Positioning impact on oxygenation in PNA
- V/Q mismatch leads to decreased O2 sats
- changing position to place lung consolidaiton on dependent side ==> increased shunting/ V/Q mismath
Risk in chronic GERD
barret’s esophagus ==> adenocarcinoma of esophagus
Cerebral toxo vs. PML in HIV pt.
Toxo = ring-enhancing lesions PML = non-enhancing lesions
Diamond-Blackfan syndrome presentation
- pure red cell aplasia
- short stature
- webbed neck
- cleft lip
- shield chest
- triphalangeal thumbs
Schizophreniform d/o criteria
> 1mo &
Schizophrenia d/o criteria
6 mo. psychotic sx/fxnl decline
Constrictive pericarditis presentation
- fatigue, DOE
- peripheral edema/ascites
- increased JVP
- pericardial knock (middiastolic sound)
- pulsus paradoxus
- Kussmaul’s sign (increase of JVP on inspiration)
What kind of bias is attrition bias?
selection bias
Selection biases
- sampling bias
- nonresponse bias
- berkson bias: @ hospital-based pt.s
- prevalence bias
- attrition bias
Observational biases
- recall bias
- observer bias
- reporting bias
- surveillance bias
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia presentation
- benign asx hypercalcemia
- high/normal PTH
- low urine Ca
Primary hyperparathyroidism urine ca?
elevated Urine ca/cr clearance ration
Complication of traumatic penetrating injury to thigh
ateriovenous fistula
Evaluation of adolescents w/behavior change
tox screen
Amantadine: MOA, use
- amantadine = DA agonist
- tx of parkinsons
Alzheimer’s tx
cholinesterase inhibitor, e.g. donepezil
Deformed foot in pt w/DM ==> dx?
charcot joint (neurogenic arthropathy)
Arthritis with chondrocalcinosis ==> dx?
-calcium pyrophosphate dihyrdrate crystal deposition = pseudogout
Evaluation/testing in pseudogout
evaluation for secondary causes: hyperparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, hemochromatosis
Causes of PNA in cystic fibrosis
- pseudomonas
- >20yo: pseudomonas > staph
Secondary causes of HTN
- renal parenchymal disease
- renovascular disease
- primary aldosteronism
- pheo
- cushing’s
- hypothyroidism
- primary hyperparathyroidism
- coarctation of aorta
Cardiac exam during acute MI
S4
