UWorld_7.01

Question 1

Aplastic anemia vs. aplastic crisis

Answer 1

• aplastic anemia = pancytopenia

- aplastic crisis = sudden halt of RBC production

Question 2

Pruritic, skin-colored papules w/umbilicated center ==> ?

Answer 2

• molluscum contagiosum
• caused by poxvirus
• prolonged course/widespread indicated impaired cellular immunity/HIV

Question 3

Common complication of thyroidectomy

Answer 3

post-surgical hypoparathyroidism ==> hypocalcemia ==> non-specific sx, m. cramps/tetany, prolonged QT

Question 4

Initial evaluation of hypercalcemia

Answer 4

• PTH levels
• elevated PTH ==> primary hyperparathyroidism
• PTH-independent ==> usually malignancy

Question 5

Long-term in patients with pernicious anemia

Answer 5

gastric cancer

Question 6

Risk factors for RDS in neonate

Answer 6

• prematurity

- maternal DM

Question 7

Fever, lethargy, and signs of HF in child ==> dx?

Answer 7

viral myocarditis

Question 8

Risk factors for Celiac disease

Answer 8

• first degree relative w/celiac
• autoimmune thyroiditis
• T1DM
• Down syndrome
• IgA deficiency

Question 9

Sx of celiac disease

Answer 9

• GI: abd pain, N/V, diarrhea (occasionally constipation), flatulence/bloating
• extraintestinal: short stature, weight loss, iron def. anemia, dermatitis herpetiformis

Question 10

Dx of celiac dz.

Answer 10

• anti-TTG
• anti-endomysial ab
• duodenal biopsy w/increased epithelial lymphocytes and flattened villi

Question 11

Most common cause of B12 deficiency in caucasians

Answer 11

pernicious anemia

Question 12

Schistocytes 2/2 ….

Answer 12

microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (DIC, HUS, TTP)

Question 13

Lab values in hemolytic anemia

Answer 13

• decreased haptoglobin

- increased LDH, bili

Question 14

Nondisplaced scaphoid fx management

Answer 14

immoblization x 6-10weeks

Question 15

Direct Renin Inhibitor MOA

Answer 15

• enhances natriuresis
• decreases angiotensin II
• decreases aldosterone production

Question 16

Hairy cell leukemia tx

Answer 16

cladribine = purine analog; se = neuro/kidney toxicity

Question 17

serum pH impact on Ca

Answer 17

increased pH (alkalosis) ==> dissoc. of H+ from albumin ==> binding of Ca to albumin ==> decreased ionized Ca

Question 18

How to remove tick?

Answer 18

use tweezers

Question 19

21-hydroxylase deficiency ==>

Answer 19

• low cortisol/aldosterone
• elevated testosterone
• elevated 17-hydroxyprogesterone
• ambig. genitalia in girls
• salt wasting

Question 20

11b-hydroxylase deficiency ==>

Answer 20

• low cortisol/aldosterone
• elevated testosterone
• elevated 11-deoxycorticosterone = weak MC
• ambig. genitalia in girls
• fluid/salt retention

Question 21

17a-hydroxylase deficiency ==>

Answer 21

• low cortisol & testosterone
• elevated MCs
• elevated corticosterone = weak GC
• all pt.s phenotypically female
• fluid & salt retention, HTN

Question 22

First line therapy for uncomplicated cystitis

Answer 22

• TMP-SMX
• nitrofurantoin
• fosfomycin

Question 23

Effect modification definition

Answer 23

• external variable positively or negatively impacts of a risk factor on the disease of interest
• distinguished for confounding by performing a stratified analysis