UWorld_7.23 Flashcards
Inconclusive fast ==> ?
dx peritoneal lavage
Back pain red flags
- age > 50
- hx cancer
- constitutional sx
- nighttime pain ==> interrupted sleep
- pain > 1 mo.
- no response to prev. therapy
- neuro sx
Anticholinergic poisoning sx
- dry mouth.skin (“dry as a bone”
- blurry vision/mydriasis (“blind as a bat”)
- hyperthermia (“hot as a hare”)
- urinary retention (“full as a flask”)
- decreased bowel sounds
- cutaneous vasodilation (“red as beet”)
- AMS (“mad as a hatter”)
Tx anticholinergic poisoning
physostigmine = cholinesterase inhibitor
Laryngomalacia improves w/…
prone
Vascular ring presentation
-presents @
Management of infat/neonate meningitis
- 3rd ge. cephalosporins (cefotaxine @ neonates, ceftriaxone @ older infants) + vancomycin
- dexamethasone ==> less SN hearing loss
Euthyroid sick syndrome presentation
- “low T3 syndrome”
- decreased total/free T3
- normal T4
- normal TSH
- occurs in pt.s w/ acute/severe illness
CGD mechanism/dx
- PMN/phagocyte dysfxn
- dx: nitroblue or dihydrorhodamine 123 test
Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome presentation
- X-linked R
- eczema
- thrombocytopenia
- recurrent infections
Schistocytes indicate ?
- microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (e.g. DIC, TTP, HUS)
- not assoc. w/splenomegaly
Presentation of autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- normocytic anemia
- reticulocytosis
- splenomegaly
- jaundice
- elevated indirect bili, LDH, and decreased hapto
- peripheral smear = spherocytes
- (+) direct antiglobulin (Coombs) test w/IgG ==> warm
- -(+) direct antiglobulin (Coombs) test w/IgM ==> cold
Causes of warm agg. AIHA
- drugs (e.g. penicillin)
- viral infections
- autoimmune (e.g. SLE)
- immunodeficiency
- lymphoproliferative (e.g. CLL)
Tx warm agg. AIHA
- steroids
- splenectomy if refractory
Causes of cold agg. AIHA
- infections: MAC PNA, mono
- lymphoproliferative (e.g. CLL)
Tx of cold agg. AIHA
- avoid cold temp.
- rituximab +/- fludarabine
Hypercalcemia sx
- fatigue
- **constipation
- depression
Leukoreduced RBC purpose/use
- chronic transfusions
- CMV at-risk pts
- potential transplant recipients
- prev. FEBRILE NONHEMO transfusion rxn
Washed RBC purpose/use
- IgA def.
- complement-dep./cold AIHA
- allergic rxns
Rash on face + periorbital edema + proximal muscle weakness ==> dx?
dermatomyositis
Dermatomyositis presentation
- cutaneous findings: facial rash, periorbital edema, chest/lateral neck rash
- gottron’s papules = violaceous, slighlty scaly papules over joints
- proximal m. weakness + elevated CPK
- anti-Jo and anti-Mi-2
PTU SE
agranulocytosis
methimazole SE
agranulocytosis
N/V after eating rice
bacillus cereus
Lab findings in PCV
- elevated Hb
- leukocytosis, thrombocytosis
- low EPO
- JAK2 mutation +
Friedrich Ataxia
xxxxxx
Most common cause of intermittent tachy arrhythm. in non-structural heart dz?
- paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
- accessory conduction through the AV node
Self-management of PSVT
-vagal maneuvers: valsalva, carotid massage, immersion in cold water ==> slowing @ AV node
Med management of PSVT
adenosine = short-acting AV node block
Early complications of STEMI
- reinfarct (hours - 2 days)
- septal rupture (hours - 1 week)
- free wall rupture (hours - 2 weeks)
- post-infarct angina (hours - 1mo.)
Late complications of STEMI
- Papillary m. rupture (2 days - 1 week)
- pericarditis (1 day - 3 mo.)
- L. ventricular aneurysm (5 days - 3 mo.) ==> HF
