UWorld_6.20 Flashcards
Evaluation of hemoptysis
-mild/moderate ==> workup +/- CT +/- broncoscopy if needed -massive (600/24hr or 100/hr) ==> intubate/secure airway -bleeding stops ==> workup -bleeding continues ==> bronchoscopy
Bilateral renal agenesis of fetus ==>
incompatible with life
Lower intestinal pathology assoc. w/Down’s
Hirschsprung
Causes of precocious puberty
-central ==> high FSH & LH -peripheral ==> low FSH & LH (e.g. excess peripheral conversion, estrogen-producing ovarian cyst, CAH)
NF1 features
-cafe-au-lait -macrocephaly -feeding problems -short stature -learning disabilities ==> fibromas, neurofibromas, other tumors
Fluid for correction of hypernatremia in infants
NS
Causes of precocious puberty
- central ==> high FSH & LH
- peripheral ==> low FSH & LH (e.g. excess peripheral conversion, estrogen-producing ovarian cyst, CAH)
NF1 features
-cafe-au-lait -macrocephaly -feeding problems -short stature -learning disabilities ==> fibromas, neurofibromas, other tumors
Fluid for correction of hypernatremia in infants
NS
Definition of precocious puberty
secondary sex characteristics @ :
girls < age 8
boys < age 9
Evaluation of precocious puberty
- bone age
- normal ==> premature thelarche (breast development) vs. premature adrenarche (pubic hair development)
- advanced ==> basal LH
- basal LH
- high ==> central
-
low ==> GnRH stimulation test
- low LH ==> peripheral
- high LH ==> central
Neurologic deficits in B12 deficiency
- loss of distal vibration sense & proprioceptive sense
- memory loss, irritability, dementia
Tx of megaloblastic anemia w/folic acid alone ==>
- if 2/2 B12 deficiency, folic acid will correct anemia but accelerate neurologic sx of B12 deficiency
Evaluation of gastric adenocarcinoma
- may be discovered by biopsy during endoscopy
- stage w/CT scan
Most common cause of constrictive pericarditis in Africa, India, China = ?
TB
Management of placenta previa
C-section @ 36-37 weeks
Cause of increased homocysteine level?
- folic acid deficiency
- B12 deficiency
Cause of increased methylmalonic acid level?
B12 deficiency only
Paget disease presentation
- osteoclast dysfxn ==> increased bone turnover
- may be asx
- can lead to fx, bone pain, skeletal deformities
- can lead to H/As and hearing loss if bones of head/ear involved
Vaccines recommended for adults w/HIV
- HAV
- liver dz
- MSM
- IVDU
- HBV
- HPV
- age 9-26
- Influenza
- Menigococcus
- age 11-18
- college students/military recruits/incacerated pt.s
- Pneumococcus
- PCV13 once + PCV23 after 2 mo.
- PCV23 every 5 years
- Tdap every 10 years
Prologed PPI use ==> risks?
C. diff infection
