- recurrent hematuria + fhx of renal failure - sensorineural deafness

- colonoscopy w/biopsy - ganciclovir + antiretroviral - ocular eval for concurrent retinitis

UWorld_6.7 Flashcards by Caitlin Heim

Alport Syndrome

recurrent hematuria + fhx of renal failure

- sensorineural deafness

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Causes of pulsus paradoxus

pulsus paradoxus = >10mmHg fall in BP during inspiration
cardiac tamponade/pericardial effusion
severe COPD
severe asthma

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plantar wart presentation/cause

caused by HPV
occur commonly @ young adults and immunocompromised pt.s
hyperkeratotic papules @ sole of foot
painful with walking/standing

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traction apophysitis presentation

traction ap @ tibial tubercle = osgood-scjlatter dz
common cause of knee pain among adolescents, esp. w/repetitive running, jumping, etc.
pain/swelling/bony formation @ anterior tibial tubercle
reproduced with resisted knee extension
xray: may have separation @ tubercle

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patellar tendonitis point of tenderness

ant. knee pain after exercise

- inferior pole of patella

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patellofemoral stress syndrome

overuse injury seen in runners
anterior knee pain, worse w/descending hills/stairs
pain @ patella

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Complications of total body burn

hypovolemic shock

2. bacterial infection/sepsis

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Common causes of diarrhea in patients w/AIDS

-cryptosporidium @

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cryptosporidium GI presentation

-AIDS pt. @

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microsporidium GI presentation

-AIDS pt. @

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MAC GI presentation

AIDS pt. @ 39

- weight loss

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CMV GI presentation

-AIDS pt. @

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CMV GI evaluation/tx

colonoscopy w/biopsy
ganciclovir + antiretroviral
ocular eval for concurrent retinitis

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Uterine rupture presentation

sudden onset vaginal bleeding
constant abdominal pain
loss of fetal station, absent uterine contractions
fetal deterioration

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Vasa previa presentation

painless vaginal bleeding w/rupture of membranes

- fetal deterioration ==> sinusoidal tracing or bradycardia

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Management of right ventricular MI

same as MI except NEED to MAINTAIN PRELOAD
avoid nitrates, diuretics, opioids
may need IVF

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Presentation of right ventricular MI

ST elevations @ inferior wall (II, III, aVF)
sx of MI (chest pain, diaphoresis, dyspnea)
hypotension
distended jugular veins

Mysathenia gravis cause

auto-antibody mediated destruction of Ach receptors

- associated w/thymoma ==> anterior mediastinal mass

Late-term/postterm complications for fetus

meconium aspiration
oligohydramnios
stillbirth
macrosomia
convulsions

Late-term/postterm complications for mother

c-section
infection
postpartum hemorrhage
perineal trauma

Laryngomalacia presentation

inspiratory stridor
worsens when supine, crying, or feeding
improves in prone position
begins as neonate, peaks @ 4-8 mo.

Laryngomalacia dx/tx

laryngoscopy for dx: shows collapse of supraglottic structures
tx: usually reassurance, surgery in severe

Vascular dementia presentation

stepwise decline
early executive dysfxn
cerebral infraction/white matter changes on neuroimaging

Lewy body dementia presentaion

visual hallucination
spontaneous parkinsonism
fluctuating cognition

Fluphenazine SE/complication

- fluphenazine = typical high-potency antipsychotic | - interferes with body's shivering mechanism ==> hypothermia

Acute aspirin poisoning presentation

- tinnitus, fever, hyperpnea ==> respiratory alkalosis | - metabolic acidosis

Iron toxicity antidote

deferoxamine

Iron toxicity presentation

- abdominal pain - hematemesis - metabolic acidosis - tablets can be seen on xray

Evaluation of suspected head/neck squamous cell carcinoma

panendoscopy = esophagoscopy, bronchoscopy, laryngoscopy

Cauda equina presentation

- bilateral, severe radicular pain - saddle anesthesia - asymmetric motor weakness - hyporeflexia - late onset bowel/bladder dysfxn

Conus medullaris presentation

- sudden onset back pain - perianal anesthesia - symmetric motor weakness - hyperreflexia - early-onset bowel/bladder dysfxn

PPx in HIV

-TMP-SMX @ CD4

Evaluation/tx if screening lead in child is elevated

1. venous lead level draw a. if mild ( rpt. in 1 mo. b. if mod (45-70) ==> DMSA c. if severe (>70) ==> dimercaprol + EDTA

Electrolyte disturbances in chronic alcoholics

- hypokalemia - hypomagnesemia ==> refractory hypokalemia (must correct Mg in order to correct K) - hypophosphatemia

Most common cause of PNA in HIV patients

S. pneumo

P. jiroveci presentation

- immunocompromised - dry cough + dyspnea - CSR: diffuse bilateral infiltrates

Causes of acute epididymitis

- younger men: C. tracho or N. gono | - older: E.coli

Evaluation of recurrent stye (chalazion)

- histopathological exam - risk for underlying sebaceous gland carcinoma - basal cell carcinoma may occur @ lid margin and may appear like a chalazion

Most common type of thyroid cancer

papillary

Potential complication and indication of IUFD

- DIC may develop after IUFD | - fibrinogen/platelet levels in the low-normal range may indicate developing DIC

Evaluation of pelvic mass in asx woman

1. TVUS | 2. CA-125 level follow conservatively