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USMLE Step 2 > UWorld_7.27 > Flashcards

UWorld_7.27 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Sudden lower limb signs of arterial occlusion w/hx of recent MI ==> dx?

A

arterial embolism (from L heart s/p MI or atria w/afib)

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2
Q

Arterial thrombosis presentation

A
  • insidious/gradual onset of sx of ischemia

- pulses usually diminished bilaterally

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3
Q

B-thalassemia minor presentation/management

A
  • asx
  • mild anemia + high RBC count
  • low MCV
  • Hb > 10
  • no management needed
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4
Q

Delayed complication after blunt trauma/MVC

A
  • diaphragmatic rupture; L>R

- ==> dilated loops of bowel in chest

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5
Q

Physiologic cause of sx of cardiac tamponade

A
  • cardiac tamponade/pericardial effusion ==> shift of interventricular septum towards left ventricle
  • ==> reduced left ventricular preload ==> reduced stroke volume/cardiac output
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6
Q

Older pt. w/bone pain, elevated alk phos, normal Ca ==> dx?

A

paget disease of bone

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7
Q

Paget disease of bone cause/sx

A
  • 2/2 osteoclast dysfxn ==> increased bone turnover
  • bone pain/deformity
  • @ skull: H/A. hearing loss
  • @ spine: spinal stenosis, radiculopathy
  • @ long bones: bowing, fx, arthritis
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8
Q

Imaging in paget disease of bone

A
  • XR: osteolytic vs. lytic/sclerotic lesions

- bone scan: focal uptake increased

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9
Q

Tx of paget disease of bone

A

bisphosphonates

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10
Q

Colon cancer screening in IBD

A
  • 8yrs post-dx

- colonoscopy q1-2 yrs

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11
Q

Colon cancer screening in FAP

A
  • colonoscopy 10 years b4 age dx of relative or @ 40

- repeat q3-5 yrs

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12
Q

Preconception initial screening for thalassemia

A
  • non-african descent: CBC

- african descent: CBC + Hb electrophoresis

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13
Q

Digitalis/Digoxin toxicity arrhythmia

A
  • digoxin ==> increased ectopy and vagal tone

- ==> atrial tachycardia w/AV block

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14
Q

Peripheral smear in sickle cell pt.

A

Howell Jolly bodies

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15
Q

Howell Jolly bodies ==> ?

A

asplenia (fxnl or actual)

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16
Q

Tx of ventricular tachycardia

A
  • stable ==> IV amiodarone

- unstable ==> cardioversion

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17
Q

High-yield interventions that improve transitions of care

A

interventions that target PHARMACY PERSONNEL & HIGH-RISK PATIENTS

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18
Q

Cause of thrombocytopenia in SLE

A

immune-mediated peripheral destruction

19
Q

Management of prolactinomas

A
  • asx/micro ( no tx
  • sx/macro(>10mm) ==>
    1. DA agonists: cabergoline, bromocriptine
    2. resection: if >3cm or increase in size while on tx
20
Q

Primidone: MOA, use

A
  • barbituate

- anticonvulsant, tx of essential tremor

21
Q

Trihexyphenidyl: MOA, use

A
  • MOA = anticholinergic

- tx of parkinsons; particularly in younger pt. w/tremor as primary sx

22
Q

Evaluation of rapidly expanding head circumference in infant

A
  • 6mo: CT vs. sedated MRI to spare radiation
23
Q

Urine collection in children

A
  • clean catch if out of diapers

- infants/toddlers in diapers ==> straight catheterization

24
Q

anti-topoisomerase I ab association

A

systemic sclerosis

25
Q

anti-mitochondrial ab association

A

primary biliary cirrhosis

26
Q

ANCA association

A

polyangiitis (wegener’s) = granulomatous vasculitis

27
Q

Anti-smooth m. ab association

A

autoimmune hepatitis

28
Q

Pulmonary edema impact on lung fxn

A
  • ==> V/Q mismatch, increased A-a gradient, low lung compliance
  • moderate supplemental o2 improves status
29
Q

Presentation of hereditary angioedema

A
  • noninflammatory edema of the face, limbs, and genitalia
  • laryngeal edema ==> life threatening
  • edema of intestines ==> colicky abdominal pain
  • episodes follow infection, dental procedure, or trauma
30
Q

Cause of hereditary angioedema

A
  • C1 inhibitor deficiency, dysfxn, or destruction

- ==> elevated C2b and bradykinin

31
Q

Bowel sounds in SBO

A

high-pitched

32
Q

SBP vs. SBO

A
  • SBP ==> vague abdominal pain, decreased bowel sounds, AMS (abnormal connect-the-numbers)
  • SBO ==> N/V, high-pitched bowel sounds
33
Q

RAIU in toxic multinodular goiter

A

patchy distribution

34
Q

Language development @ 12 mo, 18 mo, 2 yrs

A
  • 12 mo: mama, dada + few other first words
  • 18 mo: 10-25 words
  • 2 yrs: 50+ words
35
Q

Imaging in Alzheimer’s disease

A

atrophy prominent @ temporal and parietal loves

36
Q

dysphagia + regurgitation + chest pain w/emotional stress ==> dx?

A
  • diffuse esophageal spasm/esophageal motility disorder

- relieved by nitrates

37
Q

Features of intracerebral hemorrhage stroke

A
  • hx uncontrolled HTN, coag, drug use
  • sx progress @ min - hours
  • focal neuro sx, then sx of ICP (vomiting, H/A, AMS)
38
Q

Evaluation of ovarian mass + thickened endometrial stripe

A

-endometrial biopsy for concomitant malignancy

39
Q

Tactile fremitus in pleural effusion

A

decreased

40
Q

Tactile fremitus in consolidation

A

increased

41
Q

Theophylline toxicity presentation

A
  • CNS: H/A, insomnia, seizures
  • GI: N/V
  • cardiac arrhythmia
42
Q

S. bovis bacteremia ==> ?

A

colonoscopy to evaluate for colon cancer

43
Q

Pellagra

A

diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia

44
Q

Ppx for varicella exposure in child

A
  • immunized ==> observation
  • unimmunized, immunocompetent ==> varicella vaccine
  • unimmunized, immunocompromised ==> VZIG w/in 10 days of exposure

USMLE Step 2 (38 decks)

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