UWorld_6.22 Flashcards

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1
Q

Anticholinergic toxicity presentation

A
  • hyperthermia
  • mydriasis
  • delirium (pupillary dilation)
  • urinary retention
  • dry mouth
  • decreased bowel sounds
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2
Q

TCA toxicity presentation

A
  • CNS depression
  • cardiac arrhythmias
  • hypotension
  • anticholinergic signs (flushing, hypertherm, mydr, urine retention)
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3
Q

Caustic poisoning presentation

A
  • no alteration in consciousness
  • dysphagia, severe pain
  • heavy salivation, mouth burns
  • can lead to perforation of esophagus/stomach
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4
Q

Fat embolism ==>

A
  • dyspnea
  • confusion
  • petechiae @ upper body
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5
Q

Management of TCA overdose

A
  • O2/intubaion
  • IV fluids
  • activated charcoal @
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6
Q

Most common causes of bacterial rhinosinusitis

A
  • s. pneumo

- h. influenzae

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7
Q

Characteristics of physiologic jaundice of newborn

A
  • unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia 2/2:
    1. RBC turnover
    2. slow enzymes (hepatic UGT); esp. @ asian newborns
    3. enterohepatic recycling
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8
Q

Pediatric murmur: holosystolic murmur @ lower left sternal border?

A

VSD

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9
Q

COPD exacerbation manageent

A
  • O2 +/- NPPV +/- intubation
  • inhaled bronchodilators
  • systemic glucocorticoids
  • abx if >= 2 cardinal sx (azithromycin)
  • oseltamivir if evidence of influenza
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10
Q

Noncaseating vs. caseating granulomas

A
  • caseating ==> TB

- noncaseating ==> sarcoid

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11
Q

Dx of sarcoid

A
  • hx: multisystem dz
  • CXR w/hilar adenopathy w/ or w/out reticulonodular infiltrates
  • noncaseating granulomas
  • elevated ACE
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12
Q

Tx of sarcoid

A

steriods

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13
Q

Characteristics of Eaton-Lambert syndrome

A
  • assoc. w/SCC

- autoantibodies @ voltage-gated calcium channels of presynaptic motor n. terminal ==> weakness

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14
Q

Normal GFR

A
  • 90 - 120 ml/min

- renal dz @

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15
Q

Anticoagulation of choice in renal insufficiency

A

-unfractionated heparin > LMWH/rivaroxaban/fondaparinux

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16
Q

MAOI + tyramine-rich foods ==> ?

A

hypertensive crisis

17
Q

Test to dx vasovagal syncope

A
  • mainly clinical

- upright tilt table test

18
Q

Causes/tx of dysphagia/hoarseness in HIV

A
  • Candida ==> white plaques; tx = fluconazole
  • CMV ==> large linear ulcers; tx = ganciclovir
  • HSV ==> vesicles/round uclers; tx = acyclovir
  • aphthous ulcers
19
Q

Exudative pleural fluid (Light criteria)

A
  • pleural fluid/serum protein > 0.5
  • pleural LDH/serum LDH > 0.6
  • pleural LDH > 2/3 of upper limit normal of serum LDH
20
Q

Characteristics of empyema/complicated pleural effusion

A
  • light criteria

- low pH (