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USMLE Step 2 > UWorld_7.26 > Flashcards

UWorld_7.26 Flashcards

1
Q

Lacunar stroke presentation

A
  • common syndromes include:
  • pure motor hemiparesis
  • pure sensory stroke
  • ataxic hemiparesis
  • dysarthria-clumsy hand
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2
Q

Lacunar stroke lesions

A
  • basal ganglia
  • subcortical white matter (internal capsule, coronoa radiata)
  • pons
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3
Q

Timing for alcohol withdrawal seizures

A

12-48 hours after last drink

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4
Q

Cyanide toxicity presentation

A
  • AMS
  • lactic acidosis
  • seizures
  • coma
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5
Q

Anterior mediastinal mass ddx

A
  • “4 Ts”:
  • thymoma
  • teratoma (mixed germ cell tumor)
  • thyroid
  • terrible lymphoma
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6
Q

Evaluation of suspected androgen-producing tumor

A

DHEA-S (hehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate)

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7
Q

First trimester anomaly screening options

A

-@ 9-13 weeks: triple test (PAPP A, bHCG, nucal translucency) 10 wks: cell free fetal DNA 35 yo)

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8
Q

ipratropium MOA, use

A
  • MOA: anti-muscarinic (anti-cholinergic)

- use = sx of COPD

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9
Q

Tx of young cystic fibrosis pt. w/PNA

A

vancomycin

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10
Q

Most severe mutation types

A
  • nonsense

- frameshift

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11
Q

Tx of PCP pneumonia in HIV pt.

A

TMP-SMX + corticosteroids

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12
Q

First line therapy for angina pectoris

A
  • ASA
  • B-blockers (metoprolol)
  • sublingual nitro PRN
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13
Q

Cause of ED after pelvic fracture

A

nerve injury and disruption of arterial supply

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14
Q

Morton neuroma presentation

A
  • MN = mechanically induced degenerative neuropathy

- numbness, aching, burning @ distal forefoot from metatarsal heads to third/fourth toes

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15
Q

Tarsal tunnel syndrome presentation

A
  • 2/2 compression of tibial n. as it passes through ankle (usually 2/2 fractures around ankle)
  • burning, numness, aching @ distal plantar surface of foot/toes +/- radiation to calf
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16
Q

Prevent progression of diabetic nephropathy

A

-strict BP control w/target = 130/80

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17
Q

Characteristics of dipyridamole cardiac testing

A
  • injected during myocardial perfusion scanning
  • reveals areas of restricted myocardial perfusion
  • “steal syndrome” = redistribution of blood to non-diseased areas induced by injection
18
Q

Tx of reactive arthritis

19
Q

Reactive arthritis

A

“can’t pee, can’t see, can’t climb a tree”

urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis

20
Q

OCD tx

A
  • SSRIs

- CBT/exposure therapy

21
Q

Patau’s syndrome

22
Q

Cause of osteomylitis 2/2 nail puncture wound

A

pseudomonas

23
Q

Complication of uncontrolled infection of facial skin

A

cavernous sinus thrombosis

24
Q

Presentation of cavernous sinus thrombosis

A
  • can occur in setting of uncontrolled infection of face, sinuses, orbit
  • H/A
  • periorbital edema
  • binocular palsies
25
Dx/Tx of cavernous sinus thrombosis
- MRI | - IV abx/prevent herniation
26
UGI bleed unusual lab findings
- low Hb | - elevated BUN and BUN/Cr ration
27
Cooling in heat stroke
ice water immersion preferred
28
Thiazide diuretic SEs
- hyperglycemia (worse in pt.s w/DM) - increased LDL/TGs - hyperuricemia - electrolytes: hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypomg, hyperca
29
Ovarian torsion tx
- laparoscopy w/detorsion - ovarian cystectomy - oophorectomy if necrosis/malignancy
30
Behcet disease presentation
- recurrent, painful oral apthous ulcers - genital ulcers - eye lesions/uveitis - skin lesions - thrombosis
31
Dx of Behcet disease
- pathergy = skin ulceration w/minor trauma (e.g. needlestick) - biopsy ==> nonspecific vasculitis of different-sized vessels
32
Pulmonary nodule w/halo sign ==> dx?
aspergillosis
33
Steroids skin SE
steroid-induced folliculitis ==> monomorphous, erythematous follicular papules
34
Management of solid testicular mass
- ochiectomy | - avoid FNAB/transscrotal biopsy to avoid spillage of cancer cells
35
Blastomycosis presentation
- Great Lakes, Mississippi river, Ohio river (WI is highest) - pulmonary: productive cough - skin and bone lesions - broad budding yeast from sputum
36
Cause of calcium phosphate stones
- primary hyperparathyroidism | - renal tubular acidosis
37
Most common kidney stones
calcium oxalate
38
cysteine stones cause
- congenital error of metabolism | - fhx of stones
39
struvite stones cause
- proteus infection (urease-producing) | - assoc. w/hx of recurrent UTIs
40
Types of conditions that lead to digital clubbing
- intrathoracic neoplasms - intrathoracic suppurative diseases (e.g. CF, abscessn bronciectasis) - lung disease (except COPD) - cyanotic congenital heart disease
41
RA typical joint involvement
- MCP and proximal PIPs initially - MTPs of toes - wrists - cervical spine ==> spinal sublux/cord compression

USMLE Step 2 (38 decks)

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