UWorld_7.19 Flashcards

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1
Q

Tx of lichen sclerosis

A

high-potency vaginal steroids

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2
Q

Tx of atrophic vaginitis

A

low-dose vaginal estrogen

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3
Q

Causes of bilious emesis @ neonate

A
  • meconium ileus
  • hirschsprung disease
  • malrotation
  • duodenal atresia
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4
Q

Bilious emesis @ neonate + gasless abdomen on abd. xr ==> evaluation?

A
  • upper GI series:

- if ligament of treitz on right side ==> malroation

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5
Q

Evaluation of dilated loops of bowel on abd. XR

A
  • constrast enema
  • @ microcolon ==> meconium ileus
  • @ rectosigmoid transition zone ==> hirschsprung
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6
Q

Double bubble sign ==> dx?

A

duodenal atresia

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7
Q

blunt chest trauma + hemorrhagic shock + tracheal deviation ==> dx?

A

hemothorax

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8
Q

Cause of urinary retention in older person w/sciatica

A

pain prevents valsalva (esp. if also BPH present)

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9
Q

Indications for cystoscopy

A
  • gross hematuria w/out evidence of glomerular disease or infection
  • microscopic hematuria w/risk for malignancy
  • recent UTIs
  • obstructive sx w/suspicion for stricture/stone
  • irritative sx w/out urinary infection
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10
Q

Risk factors for bladder cancer

A
  • smoken
  • occupation: pains, metal workers
  • chronic cystitis
  • cyclophosphamide exposure
  • pelvic radiation
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11
Q

Furuncle presentation

A
  • skin abscess
  • usually 2/2 s. aureus
  • painful pustule/nodule draining purulent material
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12
Q

Myxoma presentation

A
  • constitutional sx: fever, weight loss, raynauds
  • CV
  • embolization
  • lung invasion
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13
Q

Loss of peripheral vision + cupping of optic disc ==> dx?

A

open-angle glaucoma

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14
Q

Justification for anti-depressants in teens

A

risk for suicide from untx depression outweighs risk of suicide from taking meds

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15
Q

Mechanism of amenorrhea in female athletes

A

-decreased GnRH and LH ==> decreased estrogen

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16
Q

Risks for aspiration PNA

A
  • poor dentition
  • upper GI instrumentation
  • GERD
  • dysphagia
  • impaired consciousness
17
Q

Hyperthyroidism w/low radioiodine uptake

A
  • silent/painless thyroiditis

- subacute/de Quervain’s thyroiditis

18
Q

Mesenteric ischemia presentation

A
  • rapid onset periumbilical pain (severe)
  • pain OUT OF PROPORTION to exam
  • hematochezia (late complication)
19
Q

Papilledema impact on vision

A
  • caused by increased ICP
  • transient vision loss for seconds w/changes in head position
  • req. urgent evaluation b/c canc lead to vision loss
20
Q

rapid correction of hypernatremia ==> ?

A

cerebral edema

21
Q

rapid correction of hyponatremia ==>

A

osmotic demyelination

22
Q

Presentation/tx of bacillary angiomatosis

A
  • bright red, firm, friable exophytic nodules
  • caused by bartonella
  • tx = oral erythromycin
23
Q

Succinylcholine SE/contraindication

A
  • depolarizing m. relaxant

- can lead to K+ release; contraindicated @ hyperkalemia