upper or lower motor lesion

Question 1

PNS includes

Answer 1

brainstem and sacral segments

Question 2

CNS includes

Answer 2

thoracic + lumbar spinal cord segments from T1 extending down until about L2-3

Question 3

injury to the level of conus medullaris is?

Answer 3

UMN + LMN

Question 4

Injury to the level of the cauda equina is ?

Answer 4

LMN

Question 5

Where is a majority of the control housed in the PNS?

Answer 5

midbrain

Question 6

PNS innervation comes from?

Answer 6

the vagus nerve

Question 7

Why is there bowl and bladder function?

Answer 7

because of disconnect with sacral segments of the parasympathetic division

Question 8

Anterior cord syndrome

Answer 8

damage to the anterior portion of spinal cord resulting in impaired pain and temperature sensation, motor control, and autonomic function below level of injury

Question 9

Cervical cord

Answer 9

damage to the central portion of the spinal cord leading to greater motor impairements of the UE compared to LE w/ minimal impact on sensory function and larger impact on the flexor muscles which are located centrally.

Reticulospinal more UE > LE

Question 10

Brown-Sequard

Answer 10

hemi section of the spinal cord - presents with loss of ipsilateral motor control and proprioception below the lesion.

loss of contralateral pain + temp sensation a few levels below the injury.

Question 11

conus medullaris

Answer 11

variable lower extremity weakness, varibale reflexia, and sacral weakness + sensory impairments.

concerns with sexual, bowel, bladder dysfunction

Question 12

Cauda equina

Answer 12

injury to the lumbar and sacral roots only presents as LMN.

Arreflexia, flaccid paralysis, and sensory loss beyond time frame for typical spinal shock

variable impaired sexual, bladder, bowel function

Question 13

Trends in SCI

Answer 13

increased falls
increased secondary complications
increased rehabilitation stays
increased costs