Unit 6: Cities and Urban Land-Use Patterns and Processes Chapter 17: Topic 6.11

Question 1

Streets are lined with tall buildings, can channel and intensify wind and prevent natural sunlight from reaching the ground

Answer 1

Urban Canyons

Question 2

An area of a city warmer than surrounding areas, caused by a concentration of buildings and concrete in the center of a city

Answer 2

Urban Heat Island

Question 3

Rats, raccoons, and pigeons can thrive in cities, but they can spread diseases and be a nuisance to people

Answer 3

Urban Wildlife

Question 4

The commuting periods in early morning and in late afternoon or early evening when many people travel to and from work, idling cars on roads increase and concentrate air pollutants in the city. The result is smog (community-wide polluted air) located in Los Angeles, Beijing, Delhi and Mexico City.

Answer 4

Rush Hour

Question 5

Rapid spread of development outward from the inner city

Answer 5

Suburban Sprawl

Question 6

• The availability of automobiles
• The creation of interstate and other high-speed highways
• The presence of inexpensive land outside the urban area

Answer 6

Reasons for Suburban Sprawl

Question 7

Visual reminders on the landscape of how the centers of cities have changed other time. This consists of dilapidated buildings and polluted or contaminated soils. These are expensive to remove or repair and often remain in cities, devaluating neighboring properties.

Answer 7

Brownfield

Question 8

Involves renovating a site within a city by removing the existing landscape and rebuilding from the ground up. This can force poor people to leave their homes and communities and can eliminate historic neighborhoods.

Answer 8

Urban Redevelopment

Question 9

In terms of resource consumption, urban areas consume the most resources in absolute value. However, if measured in per capita values, compact cities consume the least per person. In periphery countries, air pollution is a problem in both urban and rural areas. Air pollution in urban areas comes from car emissions, coal and other fossil fuels. Air pollution in rural areas is caused by biomass. In core countries, urban areas have higher air-pollution rates than rural areas. Water quality is better in urban and suburban areas of core countries because of better water treatment. Compact cities in core countries are the most sustainable per capita and sprawling cities are the least sustainable. Rural areas have a higher per capital ecological footprint because of food production and energy resource demands.

Answer 9

More sustainable - urban vs. suburban?