Unit 2: Population and Migration Patterns and Processes Chapter 4: Topic 2.5

Question 1

Shows five typical stages of population change that countries experience as they modernize

Answer 1

Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

Question 2

High Stationary; low population growth rate due to a high birth rate and a high death rate, poor sanitation, prone to diseases, very young population structure, agriculture and hunter gathering economies (ex: scattered isolated groups)

Answer 2

Stage 1 DTM (Characteristics)

Question 3

Populations that are not growing, rectangular shape that displays somewhat equal percentages across age cohorts. High death and birth rates

Answer 3

Stage 1 Population Pyramid (Shrub)

Question 4

Early Expanding; Rapid decrease in a country’s death rate (nutrition, sanitation and medicine improve) while the birth rate remains high but fluctuating (reflects desires for big families), very young population, rural agricultural, less developed society (ex: Mali and South Sudan)

Answer 4

Stage 2 DTM (Characteristics)

Question 5

People are reproducing at a higher rate than they die, low life expectancy and high birth rates. Wide base and narrow top

Answer 5

Stage 2 Population Pyramid (Tree)

Question 6

Late Expanding; Total population is increasing rapidly, death rates will remain low and steady, birth rates will fall quickly (decrease in the need for child labor), young; rising life expectancy, people go from farms to cities, emerging/industrializing economies (ex: Mexico, Turkey, Indonesia)

Answer 6

Stage 3 DTM (Characteristics)

Question 7

Wide bottom (but not as wide as stage 2), narrow top. Death rates are low and birth rates decrease

Answer 7

Stage 3 Population Pyramid (House)

Question 8

As countries transition from early Stage 3 into Stage 4, population will continue to grow for at least one generation

Answer 8

Demographic Momentum

Question 9

Low Stationary; Total population is high and growing slowly, balanced low birth rate death rate which means very low growth, balanced population with more aging, urbanized service economy, highly developed, rising gender equity (ex: United States, China)

Answer 9

Stage 4 DTM (Characteristics)

Question 10

When the share of population remains constant in different age groups over the period of time. It represents situation of low fertility, low mortality and high life expectancy. Indicates slow population growth or stable population

Answer 10

Stage 4 Population Pyramid (Box)

Question 11

Declining; Total population is high but starting to decline due to the birth rate falling below the death rate. Very old population structure, urbanized service economy, highly developed (Ex: Japan, Germany)

Answer 11

Stage 5 DTM (Characteristics)

Question 12

Top-heavy population pyramid with higher proportions in older age groups, declining population

Answer 12

Stage 5 Population Pyramid (Cup)

Question 13

An extension of the demographic transition model that explains the changing death rates and more common causes of death within societies

Answer 13

Epidemiological Transition Model (ETM)