Unit 4: Political Patterns And Processes Chapter 9: Topic 4.5

Question 1

Established by a legal document, such as a treaty, that divides one entity from another

Answer 1

Defined Boundary

Question 2

Is drawn on the map by a cartographer to show the limits of a space

Answer 2

Delimited Boundary

Question 3

Identified by physical objects objects placed on the landscape. Ex: sign, fences/walls

Answer 3

Demarcated Boundary

Question 4

Occurs when two or more parties disagree over how to interpret the legal documents or maps that identify the boundary. Often leads to antecedent boundaries. Ex: Chile and Argentina dispute over Andes Mountains.

Answer 4

Definitional Boundary Dispute

Question 5

Boundary disputes that center on where the boundary should be, how it is delimited, or demarcated. Ex: Germany and Poland border after WW2

Answer 5

Locational Boundary Dispute

Question 6

A type of expansionism when one country seeks to annex territory where it has cultural ties to part of the population or historical claims to the land

Answer 6

Irrendentism

Question 7

Centers not on where a boundary is but how it functions. Disagreements can arise related to trade, transportation, or migration.

Answer 7

Operational Boundary Dispute

Question 8

When a boundary separates natural resources that may be used by both countries. Ex: Iraq invading Kuwait because wells were drilled using directional drilling

Answer 8

Allocational Boundary Dispute

Question 9

How a boundary will be maintained, how it will function, and what goods and people will be allowed to cross are important aspects of this boundary

Answer 9

Administered Boundary

Question 10

Boundaries that have checkpoints where a passport or visa are required to enter the country

Answer 10

Controlled Borders

Question 11

Territories that are part of a state, yet geographically separated from the main state by one or more countries. Ex: Alaska being separated from the lower 48 states by Canada, Nakhichevan being separated from Azerbaijan by Armenia

Answer 11

Exclaves

Question 12

States, territories, or parts of a state or territory that are completely surrounded by the territory of another state. Ex: San Marino and Vatican City, Indian reservations in the US

Answer 12

Political Enclaves

Question 13

A place located between 2 very different and contentious regions

Answer 13

Shatterbelt

Question 14

Meeting that addressed water boundaries, signed by more than 150 countries between 1973 & 1982

Answer 14

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

Question 15

Area that extends up to 12 nautical miles of sovereignty where commercial vessels may pass but noncommercial vessels may be challenged

Answer 15

Territorial Sea

Question 16

Coastal states shave limited sovereignty for up to 24 nautical miles where they can enforce laws on customs, immigration, and sanitation

Answer 16

Contiguous Zone

Question 17

Coastal states can explore, extract minerals, and manage natural resources up to 200 nautical miles

Answer 17

Exclusive Economic Zone

Question 18

Water beyond any country’s EEZ that is open to all states

Answer 18

High Seas

Question 19

Group of small developing island states, control nearly 30% of all oceans and seas, & their EEZ is much larger than their landmass

Answer 19

Small Island Developing State