Unit 4: Political Patterns And Processes Chapter 8: Topic 4.2 Flashcards
A nation’s desire to create and maintain a state of its own
Nationalism
One that helps unify people within a country Ex: Shared religion, external threats, a common language
Centripetal Forces
This is a force that tends to divide people, break states apart, or even prevent states from forming
Centrifugal Forces
A broader concept that includes a variety of ways of influencing another country or group of people by direct conquest, economic control, or cultural dominance
Imperialism
The 1st wave of European colonialism was led by Spain, Portugal, and then by France and Britain. These countries established large empires in the Americas, and they were motivated by “God, gold, and glory.”
Early Colonialism
19th century, Spanish and Portuguese empires declined which allowed other European countries to launch a second wave of colonization. Competition to claim resources and new markets resulted in Great Britain, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy,and Germany seizing control of lands in Africa and Asia
Later Colonialism
1884-1885, representatives from the major empires of Europe met in the German capital of Berlin to lay out claims made on the continent of Africa. They later used these claims to form state boundaries in Africa
Berlin Conference
The right to choose their own sovereign government without external influence
Self-Determination
The undoing of colonization, in which indigenous people reclaim sovereignty over their territory
Decolonization
Organized mass killing, in which people are targeted because of their race, religion, ethnicity, or nationality
Genocide
A period of diplomatic, political, and military rivalry between the US and the USSR
Cold War
A state dominated by another politically and economically
Satellite States
The process in which one or more regions are given increased autonomy by the central political unit
Devolution
