Unit 5: Agriculture and Rural Land-Use Patterns and Processes Chapter 11: Topic 5.3

Question 1

The origin of farming, It was marked by the domestication of plants and animals. Much of the farming that took place during this time was subsistence farming, when farmers consumed the crops that they raised using simple tools and manual labor. This began in 5 centers, or hearths. The first hearths were in Southwest Asia, East Asia, South Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

Answer 1

First (Neolithic) Agricultural Revolution

Question 2

Before humans developed agriculture, they lived in small, mobile groups (approximately 30 to 50 people for tens of thousands of years). They could easily move in search of food. People survived by living in low population density regions.

Answer 2

Hunters and Gatherers

Question 3

Raising animals for protection, work, transportation, or as a food source. Ex: In Central Asia, they raised dogs and horses. Later, agriculturalists in Southwest Asia kept goats, pigs, sheep, and cattle. People then domesticated cats, horses, camels, donkeys, and llamas among other animals.

Answer 3

Animal Domestication

Question 4

People first used vegetative planting, or using parts of the stems or existing roots of existing plants to grow others. Planting seeds came later.

Answer 4

Plant Domestication

Question 5

Southwest Asia (Fertile Crescent), Southeast Asia, South Asia (Indus Valley), East Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, Mesoamerica

Answer 5

Major Agricultural Hearths

Question 6

Crops and animals being domesticated in multiple regions with seemingly no interaction among the people. Ex: Wheat was domesticated independently in Southwest Asia, East Asia and South Asia. Pigs were domesticated in Southwest Asia, Southeast Asia, and South Asia.

Answer 6

Independent Invention

Question 7

The global movement of plants and animals between Afro-Eurasia and the Americas.

Answer 7

Columbian Exchange