Unit 6: Cities and Urban Land-Use Patterns and Processes Chapter 17: Topic 6.8

Question 1

Using the earth’s resources while not causing permanent damage to the environment

Answer 1

Sustainability

Question 2

Combat urban sprawl and create a new vision for cities that are more sustainable and equitable. Focuses on city planning and transportation systems of an urban region. They try to slow sprawl by creating concentrated growth in compact centers. These suggest spatial arrangements that focus on encouraging a mix of building types and uses with a variety of housing and transportation options available within communities. Other goals include creating attractive residential area that are walkable, develop a strong sense of place among residents, increase livability by making the community easy and safe to navigate and to involve residents and stakeholders in decisions that impact the community.

Answer 2

Smart-growth Policies

Question 3

Areas of undeveloped land around an urban area, created to limit a city’s growth and preserve farmland. They also provide an area for people to enjoy recreation and the environment.

Answer 3

Greenbelts

Question 4

Cities that adopt policies to slow the outward spread of urban areas and place limits on building permits in order to encourage a denser, more compact city. Protecting local sense of place and natural landscape has encourages cities to adopt these policies. EX: Boulder, Colorado and Portland, Oregon.

Answer 4

Slow-growth cities

Question 5

1990s, goal is to put smart growth into action within communities. Strategies include creating human-scale neighborhoods, reclaiming neglected spaces, giving access to multiple nodes of transportation, increasing affordable housing, and creating mixed-use neighborhoods.

Answer 5

New Urbanism

Question 6

These neighborhoods would have a mix of homes and businesses. These neighborhoods are vibrant, livable, and walkable. Homes would include a variety of sizes and price ranges to create a socially diverse community. Shared open spaces and community gathering spaces are also common.

Answer 6

Mixed-use neighborhoods

Question 7

The process of building up underused lands within a city. Most cities have vacant spaces, this process uses the empty spaces to build rather than expanding the edge of a city. This is considered smart growth.

Answer 7

Urban Infill

Question 8

Locates mix-use residential and business communities near mass transit stops, resulting in a series of more compact communities which decreases the need for automobiles. Includes multiple forms of transportation including train, bus, and light rail.

Answer 8

Transportation-oriented Development (TOD)

Question 9

Refers to a set of principles that supports sustainable urban designs. These communities have affordable and equitable housing, access to employment and community services, multiple and accessible transportation modes, and social and civic engagement.

Answer 9

Livability

Question 10

1) it is not affordable to families because of increases in the cost of land and housing. It also contributes to congestion and noise within cities
2) Limits people’s choices for single family housing, a suburban lifestyle, quality schools, and the autonomy of car ownership
3) Creates high-population density areas that often have high crime rates and provides less privacy for residents
4) Can result in unintended segregation both ethnically and economically
5) Promotes the displacement of low-income and ethnic communities and the destruction of historical buildings and unique places

Answer 10

Criticism of smart growth (5)