Unit 3- Cholinergic Agonists

Question 1

Ach

Answer 1

Cholinergic agonist, nonselective, short duration of action before degradation by cholinesterases

Question 2

Ach Receptor Specificity

Answer 2

Susceptible to colinesterase, cardiovascular, GI, bladder, eye, and nicotinic action

Question 3

Methacholine Receptor Specificity

Answer 3

Susceptible to cholinesterase, cardiovascular, GI, bladder, eye, and nicotinic action

Question 4

Carbachol Receptor Specificity

Answer 4

Cardiovascular, GI, bladder, eye, and nicotinic action

Question 5

Bethanechol Receptor Specificity

Answer 5

Cardiovascular, GI, bladder, and eye action

Question 6

Pharmacologic Effects of Choline Derivatives

Answer 6

Similar to Ach administration

Question 7

Physiological Response of Choline Derivatives

Answer 7

Not identical and varying in selectivity for organ systems

Question 8

Bethanechol

Answer 8

Resistant to cholinesterase, promotes bladder contraction, contracts detrusor muscle

Question 9

Carbachol

Answer 9

Topically induces miosis after cataract surgery

Question 10

Pilocarpine

Answer 10

Stimulates exocrine secretion, GI contraction, constricts pupil, treats glaucoma, keratoconjunctivitis

Question 11

Arecoline

Answer 11

Targets glands, smooth muscle, and myocardium,

Question 12

Pilocarpine Adverse Effects

Answer 12

Local irritation and inflammation, can cause systemic vomiting/diarrhe

Question 13

Indirect Acting Cholinergic Agonists

Answer 13

Inhibits acetylcholinesterase, enhances Ach effects at all cholinergic receptors in the body

Question 14

AChE Function

Answer 14

Anionic region and esteratic site to bind Ach

Question 15

Reversible AchE Inhibitors

Answer 15

Physostigmine, neostigmine, edrophonium, pyridostigmine

Question 16

Physostigmine

Answer 16

GI movement, pupillary constriction, may cause twitching, no cardiovascular effects at therapeutic doses, bladder contraction, bronchiole contraction

Question 17

Neostigmine

Answer 17

GI movement, stimulates nicotinic receptors, may cause twitching, no cardiovascular effects at therapeutic doses, bladder contraction and bronchiole contraction

Question 18

Reversible Inhibitors Use

Answer 18

Reverse nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockign drugs, therapy of myasthenia gravis

Question 19

Reversible Inhibitors Adverse Effects

Answer 19

Excess muscarinic action, increased GI motility, diarrhea, salivation, bradycardia

Question 20

Irreversible AchE Inhibitors

Answer 20

Organophosphates phosphorylate AchE, preventing Ach inactivation

Question 21

Organophosphate Posioning

Answer 21

Salivation, vomiting, defecation, GI motility, urination, bradycardia, hypotension, bronchoconstriction, twitching, paralysis

Question 22

Pralidoxime

Answer 22

Reactivates AchE by removing phosphate group