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Pharmacology > Unit 3- Adrenergic Antagonists > Flashcards

Unit 3- Adrenergic Antagonists Flashcards

1
Q

Prazosin Selectivity

A

α1

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2
Q

Phenoxybenzamine Selectivity

A

α1

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3
Q

Phentolamine Selectivity

A

α

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4
Q

Antipemezole Selectivity

A

α2

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5
Q

Yohimbine Selectivity

A

α2

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6
Q

Carvedilol Selectivity

A

β>α1

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7
Q

Propanolol Selectivity

A

β

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8
Q

Timolol Selectivity

A

β

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9
Q

Metoprolol Selectivity

A

β1

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10
Q

α Antagonist Structure

A

Diverse, competitive antagonists

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11
Q

Phenothiazine Tranquilizers

A

α antagonists blocking receptors, causing decrease in peripheral vascular resistance

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12
Q

α Antagonist Cardiovascular

A

Dilate vessels

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13
Q

EPI Reversal Effect

A

Pretreating with α1 antagonists to reduce peripheral vascular resistance due to EPI

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14
Q

α1 Antagonist Effects

A

Decrease resistance to urine flow

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15
Q

α2 Antagonist Effects

A

Antiplatelet aggregation, stimulate insulin, reverse sedation

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16
Q

α Antagonist Effects

A

3rd eyelid protrusion, miosis, nasal stuffiness

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17
Q

Nonselective α Antagonists

A

Phenoxybenzamine, phenothiazine tranquilizers, and trazodone

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18
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

Irreversibly blocks α receptor to inhibit NE reuptake, antagonizes histamine, Ach, and serotonin receptors, manages catecholamine excess

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19
Q

Selective α1 Antagonists

A

Prazosin, tamsulosin, silodosin

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20
Q

Prazosin

A

Vessel dilation, decrease urine flow, reduces urethral pressure, decreases MAP

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21
Q

Tamulosin

A

Higher affinity for urethra and prostate than vascular smooth muscle, decreases intraurethral pressure

22
Q

Silodosin

A

Decreases intraurethral pressure

23
Q

Selective α2 Antagonists

A

Reverse sedative effects of α2 agonists; yohimbine, tolazoline, atipamezole

24
Q

Yohimbine

A

Increases NE release to cause stimulation, HR increase, and BP increase, increases GI motility, antagonizes serotonin receptors

25
Q

Tolazoline

A

α antagonist to reverse xylazine and other α2 agonists in horses

26
Q

Atipamezole

A

Reverses α2 agonist sedation, effective in all species, mostly used in small animal

27
Q

α Agonist Sedatives

A

Block presynaptic α receptors, suppressing NE release via negative feedback

28
Q

β Antagonist Cardiovascular Effects

A

Decreases cardiac output, can lower BP

29
Q

β Antagonist Pulmonary Effects

A

Bronchoconstriction and increased airway resistance

30
Q

β Antagonist Ophthalmic Effects

A

Reduce intraocular pressure by decreasing aqueous humor production

31
Q

β Antagonist Metabolic Effects

A

Inhibit lipolysis and glycogenolysis, delay recovery from hyperglycemia

32
Q

First Gen β Antagonists

A

Nonselective, propanolol

33
Q

Second Gen β Antagonists

A

β1 selective, metoprolol, atenolol, esmolol

34
Q

Third Gen β Antagonists

A

Nonselective with additional cardiovascular effects, carvedilol

35
Q

Propanolol

A

Competitive antagonist blocking receptors, decreases HR and cardiac output, decreases oxygen demand, increases airway resistance

36
Q

Propanolol Uses

A

Treats tachyarrhythmia, hypertension, cardiomyopathy, and thyrotoxicosis

37
Q

Propanolol Side Effects

A

Upregulation of β receptors, excess β stimulation with abrupt stop of treatment, bronchospasm

38
Q

Metoprolol

A

Blocks β2 receptors, decreases HR and cardiac output, decreases oxygen demand, reduces BP, inhibits agonist induced tachycardia

39
Q

Metoprolol Uses

A

Tachyarrhythmia, premature contraction, hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, thyrotoxicosis, safe in asthmatics

40
Q

Atenolol

A

Decreases HR and cardiac output, decreases MAP

41
Q

Atenolol Uses

A

Arrhythmia, hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

42
Q

Atenolol Side Effects

A

Can block β2 receptors, not for asthmatics, reduces cardiac output, lethargy, hypotension, diarrhea

43
Q

Esmolol

A

Ultra short acting

44
Q

Esmolol Uses

A

Tachyarrhythmia, ventricular outflow obstruction

45
Q

Esmolol Side Effects

A

Significant cardiac output reduction

46
Q

Carvedilol

A

β blocker, some α1 antagonism, vasodilator, free radical scavenger

47
Q

Carvedilol Uses

A

Anti arrhythmic, dilated cardiomyopathy and chronic valve disease

48
Q

Chronic Mitral Valvular Disease

A

Most common cause of heart disease and CHF in dogs, treated with carvedilol

49
Q

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

A

Most common heart disease in cats, treated with atenolol

50
Q

Subaortic Stenosis

A

Congenital cardiac abnormality in dogs, treated with atenolol

Pharmacology (32 decks)

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