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Pharmacology > Unit 3- Adrenergic Agonists > Flashcards

Unit 3- Adrenergic Agonists Flashcards

1
Q

Sympathomimetic

A

Mimic effects of catecholamines, dependent on similarity of structure to NE and EPI

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2
Q

Direct Acting Agonists

A

Endogenous catecholamines, adrenergic receptor agonists

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3
Q

Indirect Acting Antagonists

A

Trigger catecholamine release, reduce metabolism, or inhibit reuptake

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4
Q

Mixed Acting Antagonists

A

Directly activate adrenergic receptors while increasing NE release

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5
Q

Desensitization

A

Reduced response of receptors to an agonist after prolonged exposure, reducing physiological response

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6
Q

Causes of Desensitization

A

Sequestration of receptors, destruction or decreased synthesis of receptors, receptor being phosphorylated and unable to couple to G-protein

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7
Q

α1 Agonists

A

EPI, NE, phenylephrine

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8
Q

α2 Agonists

A

EPI, NE, medetomidine, xylazine

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9
Q

β1 Agonists

A

EPI, NE, isoproterenol, dobutamine

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10
Q

β2 Agonists

A

EPI, ractopamine, isoporterenol, terbutaline

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11
Q

Phenylephrine Selectivity

A

α1

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12
Q

Dexmedetomidine Selectivity

A

α2

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13
Q

Xylazine Selectivity

A

α2

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14
Q

NE Selectivity

A

α>β1

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15
Q

EPI Selectivity

A

All receptors equal

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16
Q

Dobutamine Selectivity

A

β1

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17
Q

Isoproterenol Selectivity

A

β

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18
Q

Albuterol Selectivity

A

β2

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19
Q

Terbutaline Selectivity

A

β2

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20
Q

Dopamine Selectivity

A

D>β

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21
Q

Fendolapam Selectivity

22
Q

α Receptor Affinity

A

EPI, NE, isoproterenol

23
Q

β Receptor Affinity

A

Isoproterenol, EPI, NE

24
Q

α1 Activity

A

Vascular contraction, pupil dilation, urethral contraction, splenic contraction

25
Q

α2 Activity

A

Platelet aggregation, NT release inhibition, vascular contraction

26
Q

β1 Activity

A

Increase rate and force of heart contraction, increase renin release

27
Q

β2 Activity

A

Relax bronchioles, relax uterus, relax vessels, gluconeogenesis, increase insulins secretion

28
Q

β3 Activity

29
Q

D1 Activity

A

Vascular diation

30
Q

D2 Activity

A

Modulate autonomic NT release

31
Q

α Agonist Selectivity

A

Phenylephrine, EPI, NE, isoproterenol

32
Q

β1 Agonist Selectivity

A

Isoproterenol, EPI, NE

33
Q

β2 Agonist Selectivity

A

Isoproterenol, EPI, NE

34
Q

Terbutaline

A

β2 agonist used for small animal bronchodilation, little effect on cardiac β1 receptors and virtually no α

35
Q

Albuterol

A

β2 agonist used in cats and horses for bronchodilation, aerosol improves hypoxemia in anesthetized horse

36
Q

Clenbuterol

A

β2 agonist used in horse for bronchodilator and uterine relaxant, contraindicated in food producing animals

37
Q

Isoflurane

A

Vasodilator, reduces peripheral resistance, preserves cardiac output at normal dose, decreases cardiac output by depressing contraction at high dose

38
Q

Anesthetic Hypotension

A

Dopamine, ephedrine, and dobutamine

39
Q

Dopamine

A

D1 agonist with dose dependent effects, promotes vasodilation, activates cardiac β1 receptors to increase HR and output, activates vascular α1 receptors to constrict

40
Q

Ephedrine

A

α1 and β agonist that induces NE release with dose dependent effects, activates cardiac and vascular β receptors to increase MAP and cardiac index with more effect at higher doses

41
Q

Dobutamine

A

α1 and β1 agonist increasing contractility over HR, treats low cardiac output

42
Q

Epinephrine

A

Cardiac stimulant, vasoconstrictive, renal vasoconstrictor

43
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Vasoconstrictor and renal vasoconstrictor used in hypotension

44
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Selective α1 agonist inducing peripheral vasoconstriction and splenic constriction

45
Q

Nephrosplenic Entrapment

A

Horse colon becomes trapped between spleen and body wall phenylephrine reduces spleen size and frees colon

46
Q

Pupillary Dilation

A

Phenylephrine dilates the pupil and contracts conjunctival vessels

47
Q

Horner’s Syndrome

A

Constriction of the pupil, drooping of the eyelid, sinking eye, and protrusion of 3rd eyelid in affected eye; treated with phenylephrine

48
Q

Apraclonidine

A

α2 agonist decreasing intraocular pressure in human

49
Q

Brimonidine

A

α2 agonist decreasing intraocular pressure in human

50
Q

Urethral Sphincter Incontinence

A

Most common urinary incontinence in female small animal, treated with phenylpropanolamine α2 agonist

51
Q

Ractopamine

Pharmacology (32 decks)

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