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IMMUNOSEROLOGY > Tumor immunology and Immunodeficiency > Flashcards

Tumor immunology and Immunodeficiency Flashcards

1
Q

Study of the relationship between the immune system and cancer cells

A

Tumor Immunology

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2
Q

Physiologic cell death

A

Apoptosis

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3
Q

Term for ‘to swell’

A

Tumor

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4
Q

Term for ‘new growth’

A

Neoplasm

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5
Q

Type of tumor that is slow-growing, well-differentiated, and organized

A

Benign

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6
Q

Type of tumor that is disorganized, invasive, and rarely encapsulated

A

Malignant

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7
Q

Ability of tumor cells to spread through the blood to distant sites

A

Metastasis

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8
Q

Term for the invasive property of cancer, resembling crab legs under a microscope

A

Cancer

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9
Q

Cancers derived from skin or epithelial linings of internal organs or glands

A

Carcinomas

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10
Q

Cancers derived from bone or soft tissues such as fat, muscles, tendons, cartilage, nerves, and blood vessels

A

Sarcomas

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11
Q

Biological substances found in increased amounts in the blood or tissues of cancer patients

A

Tumor Markers

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12
Q

Tumor marker associated with hepatic and testicular cancer

A

AFP

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13
Q

Tumor marker associated with lung cancer

A

ALP

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14
Q

Tumor marker associated with breast cancer

A

CA 15-3

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15
Q

Tumor marker associated with ovarian cancer

A

CA 125

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16
Q

Tumor marker associated with colorectal cancer

A

CEA

17
Q

Tumor marker associated with prostate cancer

A

PSA

18
Q

Tumor marker associated with urinary bladder cancer

A

Nuclear Matrix Protein

19
Q

Tumor marker associated with pancreatic cancer

A

Amylase

20
Q

Tumor marker associated with medullary cancer

A

Calcitonin

21
Q

Tumor marker associated with hematopoietic malignancies

A

CD-45

22
Q

Type of leukemia characterized by poorly differentiated precursor cells (blast cells) in bone marrow and blood, commonly seen in children aged 2–5 years

A

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)

23
Q

Type of ALL characterized by CALLA (CD10)-expressing precursor B-cells

A

CALLA-expressing precursor B-cell ALL

24
Q

Leukemia of B-cell origin including CLL and SLL

A

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia or Lymphoma

25
Q

Rare leukemia with bone marrow and spleen infiltration, striking splenomegaly, and hairy cytoplasmic projections

A

Hairy Cell Leukemia

26
Q

Lymphoma characterized by Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells

A

Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL)

27
Q

Type of lymphoma more common in men over 60 years of age, with immunosuppression as a significant risk factor

A

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL)

28
Q

Plasma cell malignancy associated with Bence Jones Proteins in blood and urine

A

Multiple Myeloma

29
Q

Lymphocyte malignancy producing IgM with elevated monoclonal protein behaving as cryoglobulins in some patients

A

Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia

30
Q

Immunodeficiency characterized by low or absent humoral and cellular capabilities affecting both cellular and humoral immunity

A

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) (e.g., common gamma chain deficiency, JAK3 deficiency, ADA deficiency, MHC deficiencies, PNP deficiency)

31
Q

Combined immunodeficiency with additional nonimmunologic anomalies such as in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome or ataxia-telangiectasia

A

Combined immunodeficiencies with associated or syndromic features

32
Q

Predominantly antibody deficiency with decreased immunoglobulin isotypes, such as in Bruton’s thymidine kinase (Btk) deficiency

A

Predominantly antibody deficiencies

33
Q

Immunodeficiency involving loss of T regulatory or controlling mechanisms, as in Chediak-Higashi syndrome

A

Diseases of immune dysregulation

34
Q

Immunodeficiency marked by a reduction in phagocytic number or function, as seen in chronic granulomatous disease

A

Congenital defects of phagocyte number, function, or both

35
Q

Defect in innate immunity due to interruption in signaling pathways, such as in TLR3 deficiency

A

Defects in intrinsic and innate immunity

36
Q

Autoinflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent fevers with or without infections, as in familial Mediterranean fever

A

Autoinflammatory disorders

37
Q

Immunodeficiency involving loss of specific complement components like C2 or C3

A

Complement deficiencies

38
Q

Acquired immunodeficiency mimicking PID, such as autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome

A

Phenocopies of Primary Immunodeficiency (PID)

IMMUNOSEROLOGY (22 decks)

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