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IMMUNOSEROLOGY > Autoimmune diseases > Flashcards

Autoimmune diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Conditions where damage results from autoantibody or autoreactive cells

A

autoimmune diseases

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2
Q

Self-tolerance in the immune system

A

Ability to accept self-antigen and not initiate a response

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3
Q

General signs of autoimmune diseases

A

Decreased regulatory cells, increased autoantibody complex, increased antigen-autoantibody complex, increased complement proteins

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4
Q

Types of tolerance

A

Central (bone marrow, thymus) and Peripheral (spleen, lymph nodes, secondary lymph organs)

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5
Q

Viral or bacterial antigens resembling self-antigens

A

Molecular mimicry

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6
Q

Molecular mimicry example: Polio virus VP2 resembles

A

acetylcholine

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7
Q

Molecular mimicry example: Measles virus P3 resembles

A

myelin basic protein

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8
Q

Molecular mimicry example: Papilloma virus VP2 resembles

A

insulin receptors

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9
Q

Microorganism-induced inflammatory response activating T cells effect

A

Bystander effect

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10
Q

Super antigens role in autoimmune diseases

A

Bind to both MHC Class II and TCRs, regardless of antigen specificity

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11
Q

Characteristic of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

A

Immune complex disease with overproduction of autoantibodies

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12
Q

Key diagnostic feature of SLE

A

Butterfly rash (Red wolf) on face

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13
Q

Laboratory diagnosis of SLE

A

Presence of anti-nuclear antibodies and complement proteins (C3)

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14
Q

Le cells seen in SLE

A

PMN leukocytes with ingested LE bodies in rosette formation

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15
Q

Drugs associated with lupus

A

Procainamide, Hydralazine, Chlorpromazine, Isoniazid, Quinidine

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16
Q

Targets of antinuclear antibodies

A

dsDNA, ssDNA, histones, nucleosomes, centromere proteins, extractable nuclear antigens (ENAs)

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17
Q

Most specific antibody for SLE

A

Double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA) antibodies

18
Q

Second major antibody found in lupus patients

A

Anti-histone antibody

19
Q

Antibody specific for lupus

A

Anti-SM antibody

20
Q

Chronic, symmetric, and erosive arthritis of the peripheral joints with a higher prevalence in women

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

21
Q

Specific antibody marker for Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide

22
Q

Group of immunoglobulins interacting with the Fc portion of IgG in Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

Rheumatoid Factor

23
Q

Enzyme that generates citrulline by modifying arginine in Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

Peptidyl arginine deaminase (PAD)

24
Q

Laboratory tests for Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

Sheep Cell Agglutination Test, Latex Fixation Test, Sensitized Alligator Erythrocytes Test, Bentonite Flocculation Test

25
Q

Systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of exocrine glands

A

Sjögren’s Syndrome

26
Q

Rare autoimmune disease with excessive fibrosis, vascular abnormalities, and organ involvement

A

Scleroderma (SSc)

27
Q

Overlap syndrome involving limited cutaneous SSc with features of SLE, polymyositis, and RA

A

Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD)

28
Q

Group of diseases with chronic inflammation of skeletal muscles and progressive muscle weakness

A

Inflammatory Myopathies

29
Q

Vasculitis affecting upper respiratory tract, lungs, and kidneys; associated with c-ANCA and p-ANCA

A

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener’s Granulomatosis)

30
Q

Autoantibodies associated with Hashimoto’s disease

A

Thyroglobulin, Thyroid microsome, CA2, Thyroid membrane receptors, T3 and T4

31
Q

Autoantibodies associated with Grave’s disease

A

Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO), TSH Receptor antibody (TRAb)

32
Q

Autoantibodies associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)

A

Insulin autoantibodies (IAA), Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GAD), Islet cell antigen–2 (IA-2)

33
Q

Autoantibodies associated with Celiac Disease

A

Anti-tissue transglutaminase, Endomysium (EmA), Deaminated Gliadin peptides

34
Q

Autoantibodies associated with Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH-1)

A

Smooth muscle antibodies, Anti-nuclear antibodies

35
Q

Autoantibodies associated with Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH-2)

A

Anti-liver kidney microsomal antibody (anti-LKM-1), Anti-liver cytosol type 1 antibody (anti-LC-1)

36
Q

Autoantibodies associated with Primary Biliary Cholangitis

A

Anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA)

37
Q

Autoantibodies associated with Autoimmune Gastritis

A

Antibody against parietal cells, H+/K+-ATPase proton pump, Cobalamin-absorbing protein

38
Q

Autoantibodies associated with Pernicious Anemia

A

Anti-Intrinsic Factor (IF), Anti-parietal cells

39
Q

Autoantibodies associated with Multiple Sclerosis

A

Antibodies to myelin basic protein

40
Q

Autoantibodies associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

A

Deoxyribonuclease-sensitive p-ANCA, Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody, Pancreatic antibody, Anti-outer membrane porin from E. coli

41
Q

Autoantibodies associated with Myasthenia Gravis

A

Acetylcholine receptor-binding antibody

42
Q

Autoantibodies associated with Goodpasture Disease

A

Anti-basement membrane antibody

IMMUNOSEROLOGY (22 decks)

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