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IMMUNOSEROLOGY > Antibody structure > Flashcards

Antibody structure Flashcards

1
Q

Region of the antibody molecule that provides flexibility for multiple binding sites

A

Hinge region

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2
Q

Type of bonds joining the heavy and light chains in an antibody molecule

A

Disulfide bonds

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3
Q

Antibody molecule structure with 2 identical light chains and 2 identical heavy chains

A

Monomer

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4
Q

Designation of heavy chains in different antibody classes

A

μ (IgM), δ (IgD), γ (IgG), α (IgA), ε (IgE)

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5
Q

Number of constant domains in a heavy chain

A

Three (CH1, CH2, CH3)

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6
Q

Domain of the heavy chain responsible for antigen specificity

A

Variable domain (VH)

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7
Q

Designation of light chains

A

Kappa (κ) and Lambda (λ)

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8
Q

Ratio of kappa to lambda light chains

A

‘2:1

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9
Q

Number of domains in a light chain

A

One constant domain (CL) and one variable domain (VL)

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10
Q

Part of the antibody containing antigen-binding sites

A

Variable regions at the end of the Y arms

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11
Q

Location of the hinge region in the antibody

A

Between CH1 and CH2 domains

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12
Q

Properties of antibodies

A

Protein in nature, high molecular weight (>150,000 daltons), present in serum, CSF, saliva, and seminal fluid

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13
Q

Weight of the heavy chain in daltons

A

50,000-90,000 daltons

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14
Q

Weight of the light chain in daltons

A

Approximately 23,000 daltons

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15
Q

Number of amino acid residues in the kappa light chain

A

214 amino acids

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16
Q

Number of amino acid residues in the lambda light chain

A

213 amino acids

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17
Q

Region of the antibody that remains consistent and contributes to structure

A

Constant region

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18
Q

Region of the antibody that varies and determines antigen specificity

A

Variable region

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19
Q

Cell stage where heavy chain gene rearrangement begins

A

Pro-B cell stage on chromosome 14

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20
Q

Antigenic differences in constant heavy regions of antibodies; determines Ig class

A

Isotypes

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21
Q

Additional antigenic features of Ig that vary among individuals; variation in the constant region of both HC and LC

A

Allotypes

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22
Q

Antigenic determinants formed by specific amino acids in hypervariable regions

A

Idiotypes

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23
Q

Unique differences between antibodies of different antigen binding specificities

A

Idiotypes

24
Q

Warm-reacting antibody in the blood

A

IgG

25
Q

Immunoglobulin that provides immunity for the newborn

A

IgG

26
Q

Immunoglobulin that is the only antibody that can cross the placenta

A

IgG

27
Q

Immunoglobulin class best known for complement activation via the classical pathway

A

IgG

28
Q

Subclasses of IgG best for placental transfer

A

IgG1

29
Q

Subclass of IgG best in activating complement

A

IgG3

30
Q

Subclass of IgG with no participation in complement fixation

A

IgG4

31
Q

Immunoglobulin that participates in opsonization, neutralizing toxins, and viruses

A

IgG

32
Q

Type of bonds involved in differentiating IgG subclasses

A

Disulfide bonds

33
Q

Subclass of IgG with the longest disulfide bonds

A

IgG3

34
Q

Largest immunoglobulin

A

IgM

35
Q

Major antibody class secreted in the early stages of a primary antibody response

A

IgM

36
Q

Form of IgM with 10 antigen-binding sites

A

Pentameric IgM

37
Q

First class of antibody produced by developing B cells

A

IgM

38
Q

Best complement fixer antibody

A

IgM

39
Q

Antibody class that causes agglutination

A

IgM

40
Q

Immunoglobulin found in serum as pentamer and on B cells as monomer

A

IgM

41
Q

Major antibody on mucosal surfaces

A

IgA

42
Q

Immunoglobulin associated with anaphylaxis

A

IgA

43
Q

Serum structure of IgA

A

Monomer type I

44
Q

Structure of secretory IgA

A

Dimer with secretory component

45
Q

Immunoglobulin with anti-inflammatory properties

A

IgA

46
Q

Chain that transfers secretory IgA to secretions

A

J chain

47
Q

Protein that prevents enzymatic degradation of secretory IgA

A

Secretory protein

48
Q

Immunoglobulin involved in immunoregulation

A

IgD

49
Q

Immunoglobulin found on the surface of B cells

A

IgD

50
Q

Major membrane immunoglobulin on mature B cells

A

IgM and IgD

51
Q

Immunoglobulin found on immature B cells

A

IgM

52
Q

Postulated function of IgD

A

Anti-idiotypic antibody

53
Q

Heat-labile antibody involved in allergic reactions

A

IgE

54
Q

Antibody that attaches to human skin and initiates allergic reactions

A

IgE

55
Q

Type of antibody involved in type I hypersensitivity reaction

A

IgE

56
Q

Cells that IgE has affinity to

A

Basophils and mast cells

IMMUNOSEROLOGY (22 decks)

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