ANTIBODIES: Fragmentation and Immune response Flashcards

1
Q

Fragment that binds the allergen

A

Fab (fragment antigen binding)

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2
Q

Fragment with no antibody activity but biological activity

A

Fc (fragment crystallizable)

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3
Q

Enzyme that cuts the monomer into 3 parts

A

Papain

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4
Q

Enzyme that cuts the monomer into 2 parts

A

Pepsin

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5
Q

Effect of papain on antibody monomer

A

Monomer cut into 3 parts; 2 Fab fragments capable of agglutination or precipitation

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6
Q

Effect of pepsin on antibody monomer

A

Monomer cut into 2 parts; F(ab’)2 retains ability to bind antigen and cause agglutination/precipitation

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7
Q

Fragment produced by pepsin cleavage that can cause agglutination or precipitation

A

F(ab’)2

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8
Q

Fragment produced by pepsin cleavage that produces two heavy chain fragments not joined by disulfide bonds

A

Fc’

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9
Q

Process where lymphocytes are preprogrammed to produce one type of Ig and proliferate upon antigen response

A

Clonal Selection

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10
Q

Theory proposing specific receptors for antigen on cells before contact with antigen

A

Ehrlich’s Side Chain Theory

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11
Q

Key principle of Ehrlich’s side chain theory, where cells with specific receptors respond to antigens

A

Lock-and-key concept

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12
Q

Types of bonds involved in the initial force of attraction between Fab and epitope

A

Ionic bonds, Hydrogen bonds, Hydrophobic bonds, Van Der Waals Force

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13
Q

Term for the sum of all attractive forces between antigen and antibody

A

Avidity

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14
Q

Type of immunity involving B cell activation and antibody production

A

Humoral immunity

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15
Q

Phase of primary humoral immune response when measurable antibodies are observed

A

Log Phase

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16
Q

Phase of primary humoral immune response with rapid increase in antibody concentration

A

Exponential Phase

17
Q

Phase of primary humoral immune response when production and degradation of antibodies are balanced

A

Steady State

18
Q

Phase of primary humoral immune response when immune system begins to shut down

A

Decline Phase

19
Q

Type of immune response triggered by second exposure to the same antigen

A

Secondary Humoral Immune Response

20
Q

Alternate name for secondary immune response that involves memory T and B lymphocytes

A

Booster or Anamnestic Response

21
Q

Duration of lag phase in primary vs secondary immune response

A

Long lag phase in primary, Short lag phase in secondary

22
Q

Antibody type produced in primary immune response

23
Q

Antibody type produced in secondary immune response

24
Q

Antibody titer in primary vs secondary immune response

A

Low titer in primary, High titer in secondary

25
Antibody affinity in primary vs secondary immune response
Low affinity in primary, High affinity in secondary
26
Antibody avidity in primary vs secondary immune response
High in both, but increases in secondary response
27
Type of antibodies cloned from a single cell
Monoclonal Antibodies
28
Hybrid cell created by fusing B lymphocyte with plasma cell or T lymphocyte with lymphoma cell
Hybridoma
29
Use of hybridoma technology
Secretes a single specific antibody
30
Sequence order of decreasing immunogenicity in monoclonal antibodies
Mouse > Chimeric > Humanized > Human
31
Monoclonal antibodies used for
Treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases
32
Main concern with monoclonal antibodies
Highly immunogenic
33
WHO nomenclature for mouse monoclonal antibodies
-omob
34
WHO nomenclature for chimeric monoclonal antibodies
-ximob
35
WHO nomenclature for humanized monoclonal antibodies
-zumob
36
WHO nomenclature for human monoclonal antibodies
-umob
37
Medium added to fused cell to select for hybridoma cells
HAT medium
38
Drug in HAT medium that prevents myeloma cells from making purines and pyrimidines
Aminopterin