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IMMUNOSEROLOGY > Hypersensitivity > Flashcards

Hypersensitivity Flashcards

1
Q

What is hypersensitivity?

A

Heightened immune responsiveness against harmless antigens

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2
Q

Test is preferred for skin testing in immediate hypersensitivity?

A

Percutaneous (prick method)

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3
Q

Positive skin test result identified?

A

Wheal and flare (redness and swelling)

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4
Q

In vitro test for total serum IgE?

A

Radioimmunosorbent Test (RIST)

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5
Q

Purpose of RAST test?

A

Measures specific IgE antibodies

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6
Q

Primary mediators of Type I hypersensitivity?

A

Histamine, Heparin, Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor (ECF-A), Neutrophil Chemotactic Factor (NCF-A)

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7
Q

Secondary mediators of Type I hypersensitivity?

A

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, Platelet Activating Factor, IL-1, IL-3, IL-4

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8
Q

Cells involved in degranulation for Type I hypersensitivity

A

Mast cells and basophils

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9
Q

Type II hypersensitivity is mediated by

A

Antibodies against antigens on cell surface causing cytolysis

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10
Q

Type III hypersensitivity involves

A

Soluble antigens and the deposition of Ag-Ab complexes in tissues

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11
Q

Type IV hypersensitivity is mediated by

A

T-cells

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12
Q

Type of hypersensitivity involving Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions (HTR), Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA), Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria (PCH), Cold Agglutinins

A

Type II hypersensitivity

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13
Q

Tests for Type II hypersensitivity

A

Direct and Indirect Antihuman Globulin (AHG) test

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14
Q

Test for Type III hypersensitivity

A

Labelled immunoassays

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15
Q

Type IV hypersensitivity is mediated by

A

T-cells

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16
Q

Antigens involved in Type IV hypersensitivity

A

Intracellular pathogens (bacteria, fungi, parasites, viruses), Contact antigens (poison ivy, metal)

17
Q

Confirmatory test for contact dermatitis in Type IV hypersensitivity

A

Patch test

18
Q

Type I hypersensitivity involves

A

Antibody production

19
Q

Type IV hypersensitivity involves

A

T-cell memory and Ab specificity

20
Q

Tuberculin test result for Type IV hypersensitivity

A

NTP > 10 mm (+) or > 15 mm

21
Q

Type I, II, III are mediated by

A

Antibodies

22
Q

Type of hypersensitivity involving: Anaphylaxis, hay fever, food allergies, asthma

A

Type I

23
Q

Type of hypersensitivity: Transfusion reactions, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, hemolytic disease of newborn, thrombocytopenia

A

Type II

24
Q

Type of hypersensitivity: Serum Sickness, Arthus reaction, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

A

Type III

25
Q

Type of hypersensitivity: Contact dermatitis, tuberculin test, pneumonitis, allergy or infection

A

Type IV

26
Q

Types of hypersensitivity that are antibody mediated

A

Type I, II, III

27
Q

Type of hypersensitivity that is cellular mediated

A

Type IV

28
Q

Immune component involved in Type II and III hypersensitivity

A

Complement

IMMUNOSEROLOGY (22 decks)

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