Transmissible Encephalopathies Flashcards
1) Transmissible encephalopathies can be diagnosed by detecting infective prions in the brain.
true
2) In the case of transmissible encephalopathies lesions can only be seen in the central nervous system
true?
3) Prion diseases can be diagnosed by detecting the antibodies with ELISA
false, not Ab but Prion Protein threats
4) There are major differences in the amino acid sequence of the normal and infective prions
false
5) Spongiform encephalopathies of animals occur worldwide except Australia and New Zealand
true
6) Prions can become infective prions as a result of a mutation
true
7) In the case of transmissible encephalopathies always degenerative lesions can be seen
true
8) In the case of transmissible encephalopathies meningoencephalitis is a typical postmortem lesion
false
9) Infective prions are resistant against the usual concentration of disinfectants
true
10) Agents of transmissible encephalopathies are most frequently detected with PCR
false
11) Weight loss is a clinical sign of Transmissible encephalopathies
true
12) ELISA can be used for the detection of infective prions in the brain
true
13) The folding of normal and the infective prion is different
true
14) Infective prions are resistant against proteases
true
15) Infective prions can survive 100 °C.
true
16) Prions consist of protein and DNA
false
17) Chronic prion has no nucleic acid inside
true
18) Chronic prion is inactivated by boiling
false
19) Chronic prion form has other form than normal prions
true
20) Prions contain protein and DNA
false
21) Infection with infective prions generally happens per os
false, should be true
22) Transmissible encephalopathies are slow diseases
true
23) In the case of transmissible encephalopathies encephalitis can be seen in the grey material of the brain
false
24) Transmissible encephalopathies are caused by prions
true
25) PCR is used to the detection of prions
false
26) Prions always cause viraemia in the infected hosts
false
27) Prions are spreading in the host along the nerves
true
28) Normal prions are essential components of the cell membrane of the hosts
false, should be true
29) Infective prions replicate in the cytoplasm of the neurons
true
30) Infective prions are taken per os
true
31) Encephalitis is typical in the case of transmissible encephalopathies
false
32) Protease breaks down prions
false
transmissible encephalopathies are acute or per-acute diseases
false
34) Antibodies to prions cannot be detected in the case of transmissible encephalopathies
true
35) Allergy tests are widely used to diagnose transmissible encephalopathies
false
1) Scrapie has genetic predisposition
true
2) Scrapie prion is shed in discharges of the infected animals
true
3) The EU is free from Scrapie
false
4) Scrapie is a zoonotic disease
false
5) Atypical scrapie strains are not shed by the infected animals
true
6) Scrapie prion is detected with PCR
false
7) Scrapie is a disease of sheep, goats, and cattle
false
8) Scrapie is mainly seen in sheep between 1.5 and 5 years of age
true
9) Itching is a frequent sign of scrapie
true
10) Both typical and atypical scrapie strains can cause itching
false
11) Scrapie has more clinical signs in lambs than adult sheep
false
12) Certain genotypes of sheep are resistant against Scrapie prion
true
13) Scrapie is spreading with per os infection
true
14) Genetic predisposition is needed for scrapie to develop
true
15) Atypical scrapie strains can cause the same clinical signs as typical scrapie
false
16) Scrapie can be prevented with live vaccines
false
17) Scrapie sensitivity depends on genotype of sheep
true
18) Scrapie can be transmitted between sheep in a flock
true
19) Itching is always a clinical sign of scrapie
false
20) In scrapie we can observe lameness.
false
21) Scrapie occurs only in Britain and Ireland.
false
22) Sheep cannot shed the scrapie prion
false
23) Clinical signs of scrapie are most frequent in animals between 6 and 12 months of age
false
24) Scrapie is seen only in adult sheep
false
25) Scrapie is seen in sheep and goats
true
26) Goat are resistant to scrapie
false
27) Scrapie is spread within the flock from animal to animal
true
28) Scrapie prion can infect susceptible animals per os
true
29) Itching can be seen in the case of typical scrapie
true
30) Itching can be seen in the case of atypical scrapie.
false
31) Certain sheep can be resistant to scrapie
true
32) Scrapie can be prevented with inactivated vaccines
false
33) Scrapie prion is shed by the infected animals
true
34) Scrapie can be prevented by using attenuated vaccines
false
1) There is a per os infection in the case of transmissible mink encephalopathy
true
2) The behaviour of the animals is changed in the case of transmissible mink encephalopathy
true
3) Transmissible Mink encephalopathy can be transmitted by eating infected meat
true
4) Transmissible Mink encephalopathy symptoms: being anxious
true
5) Minks are infected with transmissible mink encephalopathy prion per os
true
6) Minks shed the transmissible mink encephalopathy prion in the faeces
false
7) Movement disorders are typical signs of transmissible mink encephalopathy
true
1) Aggressiveness is a clinical sign of BSE
true
2) BSE prion causes meningoencephalitis
false
3) Clinical signs of BSE appear in cattle slowly
true
4) Movement disorders are typical clinical signs of BSE
true
5) BSE prion is shed in milk in large amount
false
6) BSE prion generally infects cattle in aerosol
false
7) BSE prion travels along the nerves from the gut to the brain
true
8) BSE infects animals per os
true
9) Enteritis and haemorrhages can be seen postmortem in BSE cattle
false
10) Hyperaesthesia is a clinical sign of BSE
true
11) Calves of cows infected with BSE are frequently infected, they have to be destroyed
false
12) There is no vaccine for the prevention of BSE
true
13) Ataxia is a clinical sign of BSE
true
14) BSE is a zoonotic disease
true
15) BSE is spreading fast in the infected herd
false
16) Clinical signs of BSE can be seen mainly in 1-1.5 years old cattle
false
17) For Bovine spongiform encephalopathy laboratory examination, we use ELISA
true
18) In Bovine spongiform encephalopathy the meat contains high number of prions
true
19) Creutzfeldt Jakob syndrome is a new type of Bovine spongiform encephalopathy in humans
false, both TSEs - maybe (variant) vCJD
20) BSE prions are shed in the faeces and it is transmitted to other cattle in the herd
false
21) The incubation time of BSE is 3-5 years
true
22) Only a few animals show clinical signs of BSE in an infected herd
true
23) Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is widespread in Europe; it is common in most European countries
false
24) BSE is not spreading from animal to animal
true
25) In the case of BSE polioencephalitis is the main post mortem lesion
false
26) BSE prion is mainly detected with PCR
false
the agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is not shed by the infected animals
true
28) Antibodies against bovine spongiform encephalopathy are detected with ELISA.
false
29) The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is spreading along the nerves in the infected animals
true
30) The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is shed in large number in the milk
false
31) Changed behaviour is a typical sign of bovine spongiform encephalopathy
true
32) In case of spongiform encephalopathies micro abscesses are in the brain stem
false
33) Spongiform encephalopathies are mainly acute diseases.
false
34) In the case of spongiform encephalopathies there is encephalitis
false
35) Spongiform encephalopathies can be diagnosed by detecting circulating antibodies
false
36) In the case of spongiform encephalopathies the behaviour of the animal is generally changed
true
37) In the case of spongiform encephalopathies encephalitis is the main post mortem lesion
false
38) In the case of spongiform encephalopathies high levels of antibodies is produced
false
39) Spongiform encephalopathies are caused by prions
true
40) Bovine spongiform encephalopathy cannot infect humans
false
41) Bovine spongiform encephalopathy causes aggression
true
42) You can diagnose bovine spongiform encephalopathy with ELISA
true
43) Bovine spongiform encephalopathy causes an immune response
false
44) Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is a contact infection
false
45) BSE can be seen in calves from the age of 6 months
false
46) Hypersensitivity is a clinical sign of BSE
true
47) Focal necrosis in the liver is a typical post mortem lesion of BSE
false
2-6 months old calves having BSE are frequently aggressive
false
49) Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is seen only in beef cows
false
50) Cattle with bovine spongiform encephalopathy have movement difficulties
true
