Coronaviruses Flashcards
1) Human coronavirus was not known before 2020
false
2) Recombination between coronaviruses is frequent
true
3) Recombination between coronaviruses is rare
false
4) Coronaviruses are of two origin: bird or bat
true
5) Human coronaviruses usually cause death
false
6) Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses
true
7) BCoV can cause haemagglutination
true
8) IBV can cause haemagglutination
false
9) PDCoV can cause haemagglutination
false
10) CCoV can cause haemagglutination
false
11) TGEV can cause haemagglutination
false
12) FIPV can cause haemagglutination
false
13) HeCoV can cause haemagglutination
true
14) PEDV can cause haemagglutination
false
15) Coronaviruses can survive for months in the environment.
false
16) Coronaviruses frequently mutate and recombine
true
17) Coronaviruses have a weak physical resistance.
true
1) In the case of transmissible encephalopathies always degenerative lesions can be seen
true
2) In the case of transmissible encephalopathies meningoencephalitis is a typical postmortem lesion
false
3) Typical sign of TGE is vomiting and diarrhoea
true
4) TGE virus does not reach the mammary gland
false
5) TGE virus can replicate in the lungs
true
6) The colostral immunity against TGE protects the piglets from the disease
true
7) The antibodies against porcine respiratory coronavirus protect the pigs against TGE
true
8) TGE virus does not reach foetuses
true
9) TGE virus does not cause haemagglutination in vitro
true
10) TGE virus can cause haemagglutination in vitro
false
11) TGE can cause 100% mortality in newborn piglets
true
12) TGE virus causes respiratory signs in piglets
false
13) The pathology of TGE is not characteristic
true
14) TGE virus does not cause dehydration
false
15) The pathognomonic sign of TGE is necrosis in the large intestine
false
16) TGE virus can replicate in the intestine
true
17) Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) is completely eradicated in Europe
false
18) TGE causes 100% mortality in sows
false
19) The incubation time of TGE is usually 5-7 days.
false
20) TGE virus infects the digestive and the respiratory systems
true
21) TGEV is widespread and fully replaced porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) virus.
false
22) Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross-protection against PED
false
23) Today TGE occurs in an enzootic form
true
24) The characteristic symptoms of TGE are vomiting and diarrhoea
true
25) TGE infects only swine
false
26) TGE virus causes high morbidity
true
27) Transmissible gastroenteritis is the more severe in piglets than in adult swine
true
28) The mortality caused by transmissible gastroenteritis of swine is the highest among old sows
false
29) Transmissible gastroenteritis of swine is a widespread disease, causing high losses in Europe
false
30) The lesions of transmissible gastroenteritis of swine are in the gastric mucosa and in the small intestine
true
31) Transmissible gastroenteritis of pigs is more frequent in the tropical countries that the moderate climate
false
32) There is no cross protection between transmissible gastroenteritis vines and the pulmonary coronavirus of pigs
false
33) Transmissible gastroenteritis virus can cause clinical disease only in pigs
true
34) Transmissible gastroenteritis virus spreads rapidly in the herd
true
35) The epizootic TGEV spreads rapidly
true
36) The epizootic TGEV can cause disease mainly in winter
true
37) The epizootic TGEV can be transmitted with milk
true
38) The epizootic TGEV does not cause viraemia
false
39) Transmissible gastroenteritis virus provides cross protection to hemagglutinating coronavirus
false
40) TGE mainly cause croupous pneumonia
false
41) TGE replaces the respiratory corona virus
false
42) TGE appears in Hungary
true
43) TGE causes 100% mortality in susceptible piglets under 1 week of age
true
44) Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis is completely eradicated in Europe
false
45) PED is similar to TGE
true
46) The incubation time of TGE is usually 1-3 days
true
47) TGE virus infects the digestive and the respiratory system
true
48) Only pigs are susceptible to TGE infection
false
49) Maternal immunity is essential against TGE infection of piglets
true
50) Today TGE occurs in epizootic form
true
51) TGE is completely eradicated in Europe
false
52) Transmissible gastroenteritis is usually asymptomatic in adults
true
53) Transmissible gastroenteritis virus can cause clinical signs in dogs
false
54) The Porcine respiratory coronavirus has been evolved from the Transmissible gastroenteritis virus.
true
55) Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross-protection from transmissible gastroenteritis
true
56) TGE infection is devastating at any age
false
57) The incubation period of TGE can be as short as 8 hours.
false
1) Pig has betacoronavirus
true
2) Pigs has only alphacoronavirus
false
3) The porcine coronavirus may be avian virus
true
4) The antibodies against porcine respiratory coronavirus protect the pigs against porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus
false
5) Mutations and recombinations do not occur in swine coronaviruses
false
6) PRCoV usually causes pneumonia
false
7) Porcine respiratory coronavirus causes acute pneumonia in susceptible piglets
false
8) Porcine respiratory coronavirus reduced the prevalence of porcine epidemic diarrhoea
false
9) Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross protection from TGE
true
10) Swine pulmonary corona virus has a high mortality by pneumonia
false
11) Porcine respiratory coronavirus is a modification of the Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus
false
12) PRCoV gives cross protection against TGEV
true
13) PDCoV causes symptoms in pigs.
true
14) Porcine respiratory coronavirus causes acute pneumonia in susceptible piglets
false
1) Porcine epidemic diarrhea can cause clinical signs in older animals
true
2) The virus causing porcine epidemic diarrhea can replicate in the colon
true
3) PEDV also occurs in Europe
true
4) The porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus causes disease in calf
false
5) Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus can cause disease in humans
false
6) The virus causing porcine epidemic diarrhoea can replicate in the heart muscle of the foetus
false
7) Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus causes more severe symptoms in adult than in young piglets
false
8) Porcine epidemic diarrhoea is present only in Africa and in the Middle East
false
9) Porcine epidemic diarrhoea usually resembles TGE
true
10) Porcine epidemic diarrhoea can be transmitted by infected dogs and cats
false
11) Porcine epidemic diarrhoea frequently occurs in Europe
false
1) PHEV gets to central nervous system via the peripheral nerves
true
2) PHEV causes diarrhoea
false
3) Hemagglutination encephalomyelitis virus infects young pigs
true
4) Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus is typically vectored by mosquitoes
false
5) Hemagglutinating coronavirus can cause encephalomyelitis in suckling piglets.
true
6) Hemagglutinating coronavirus can cause severe diarrhoea in sows
false
7) Hemagglutinating coronavirus/Ontario Disease is sporadic in Hungary
true
8) Hemagglutinating coronavirus of pigs is frequently causing malabsorption in sows
false
9) The hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus multiplicate in hematopoietic stem cells of the bone marrow
false
10) Hemagglutinating coronavirus is present worldwide
true
11) The occurrence of coronavirus encephalomyelitis of piglets is usually sporadic
true
1) Deltacoronavirus of pigs is a bat virus
false
2) Deltacoronavirus of pigs is an avian virus
true
1) Bovine coronavirus is generally spreading in summer
false
2) The bovine coronavirus is of avian origin
false
3) Bovine coronavirus is betacoronavirus
true
4) Bovine coronavirus is alphacoronavirus
false
5) Bovine coronavirus does not cause haemagglutination in vitro
false
6) Bovine coronavirus remains at the place of the primary replication, and it does not cause viraemia
false
7) Bovine coronavirus is generally spreading in winter
true
8) Certain bovine coronaviruses can cause diarrhoea in children
false
9) Bovine coronaviruses usually infect the respiratory and the digestive systems.
true
10) Bovine corona virus causes diarrhoea in adult animals mainly in summer
false
11) Bovine corona virus can cause respiratory problems
true
12) Cattle can be infected with coronavirus per os
true
13) Cattle can be infected with coronavirus by inhalation
true
14) Bovine coronavirus can infect humans
false
15) Bovine coronaviruses causes mainly respiratory and enteric diseases
true
16) Certain bovine coronaviruses can affect humans causing clinical signs
false
17) Coronaviruses mainly cause central nervous disease in cattle
false
18) Calves can be protected against coronavirus diarrhoea by vaccinations of pregnant cows
true
12) Mortality of calf enteral coronavirus is high
true
13) Bovine coronaviruses can cause diarrhoea only in calves up to one month of age
false
14) Coronavirus diarrhoea occurs in young calves between a few days and 3-4 weeks of age
true
15) Coronavirus dysentery in calves can be observed up to 3 weeks of age
true
16) Coronavirus can cause enteritis in calves typically on the first week of life.
true
17) Calf coronavirus diarrhoea is characterized by several respiratory signs
false
1) Mortality of calf respiratory coronavirus is high
false
2) Bovine coronaviruses may cause respiratory signs in calves
true
1) Winter diarrhoea mainly affects dairy herds
true
2) Bovine coronavirus can cause diarrhoea in adult animals
true
3) Coronaviruses cause winter diarrhoea in dairy cows with haemorrhagic access
true
4) There are no vaccines for the prevention of coronaviral diarrhoea in cattle
false
5) Winter dysentery causes symptoms in younger age (up to 6 months of age).
false
6) Coronaviruses cause winter diarrhoea in dairy cows
true
7) Surviving winter dysentery gives permanent protection only against homologous infection
true
1) Dogs have only one type of coronavirus
false
2) The canine coronavirus is a zoonotic agent
false
3) Canine coronavirus can always cause enteral disease
false
4) There is a vaccine against canine coronavirus
true
5) Canine coronavirus (CCOV-1) causes diarrhoea in young, susceptible dogs
true
6) Canine coronaviruses frequently cause encephalitis and hepatitis in puppies.
false
7) Canine alphacoronavirus type II may cause haemorrhagic disease in 1-2-month-old pups
true
8) Canine coronavirus are only present in North America
false
9) Canine coronavirus vaccines effectively protect from any Canine coronavirus infection.
false
10) CCoV-IIa infections are endemic worldwide
false
1) Canine enteral coronavirus and porcine coronavirus are genetically closely relative
false
2) Dog enteral coronavirus: some strains can cause haemorrhagic diseases in some visceral organs
true
3) Canine coronavirus-2 infections are characterized by haemorrhagic diarrhoea in puppies
true
4) There are no protective vaccines available against Canine enteric coronavirus.
false
1) Canine pantropic coronavirus is an agent of kennel cough
false
2) Canine pantropic coronavirus causes subnormal temperature
false
3) Canine pantropic coronaviruses damage only the mucous membranes
false
4) Canine pantropic coronaviruses causes high fever
true
5) Pantropic canine coronavirus infections are endemic worldwide.
false
6) Pantropic canine coronavirus causes a mild respiratory disease in suckling dogs.
false
1) The canine respiratory coronavirus belongs to a different group than enteral coronavirus
true
2) Canine respiratory coronavirus and human coronaviruses are genetically very distant relatives in all cases
false
3) Canine respiratory coronavirus and bovine coronaviruses are genetically closely relatives
true
4) Canine respiratory coronavirus infection results cross-protection against CCOV-I
false
5) In suckling dogs CCoV-II infection causes respiratory disease
false
6) Canine coronavirus is part of kennel cough.
true
1) The FIP is a pathotype of feline coronavirus
true
2) Almost all cat vaccines contain antibodies against FIP.
false
3) The wet form of FIP is II. type of hypersensitivity
false
4) The dry form of FIP is I. type of hypersensitivity
false
5) The dry form of FIP is IV. type of hypersensitivity
true
6) FIP is an incurable disease
true
7) FIP is caused by jackal coronavirus
false
8) FIP responds well to antibiotic treatment
false
9) Most animals infected with feline coronavirus develop FIP
false
10) Cats can be vaccinated against feline coronavirus, but protection against FIP is not effective
true
11) The dry form of FIP is I. type of hypersensitivity
false
12) The feline coronavirus causes viraemia only in FIP
false
13) The feline coronavirus is usually an enteric disease
true
14) The feline coronavirus is a zoonotic agent
false
15) Feline enteric coronavirus (FECOV) can only infect Felidae
true
16) Feline enteric coronaviruses may infect dogs
false
feline infectious peritonitis viruses form a single serotype
false
18) Feline enteric coronavirus infection usually causes sudden death of queens
false
19) In the background of FIP can be immunopathological processes
true
20) FIP causes infection only in cats younger than 1 year of age.
false
21) Feline corona virus does not have a long infection/carrier time
false
22) Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) develops only in adult cats (over 1 year of age).
false
23) Decreased serum albumin/globulin ratio may indicate FIP
true
24) Feline enteric coronavirus usually causes severe, haemorrhagic enteritis in kittens
false
25) Cell-mediated hypersensitivity plays a major role in the background of non-effusive feline infectious peritonitis
true
26) All species of Felidae are susceptible to feline coronaviruses
true
27) Coronaviruses can cause asymptomatic infection in cats
true
28) Feline coronaviruses can cause mild watery diarrhoea.
true
29) Feline infectious peritonitis is an acute disease, it appears after a 2-3 days long incubation.
false
30) Feline coronavirus is a recombinant canine virus
true
31) Feline enteric coronavirus causes FIP in 5-10% of cases
true
32) FIP mainly infects with faeces
true
33) Feline enteric coronavirus (FECoV) can only infect Felidae
true
34) Effusive FIP is the result of a type 3 hypersensitivity reaction
true
35) Feline enteric coronavirus infection of cats is very common
true
36) Vaccine effectively protects from feline infectious peritonitis
false
37) Feline coronavirus has two serotypes, both having two pathotypes
true
38) FECoV infection usually causes acute haemorrhagic enteritis
false
39) The Feline enteric coronavirus usually does not cause severe enteritis
true
40) FIP forms because of immunotolerance
false
41) In the presence of high-titer antibody level, infectious peritonitis cannot develop in cats.
true, should be false
1) Avian coronaviruses provide long lasting yolk-immunity
false
1) Inactivated vaccine against IBV can be used any ages.
false
2) A clinical sign of IBV can be nephritis
true
3) IBV has nephropathogenic strains
true
4) Infectious bronchitis virus causes tracheitis and pneumonia in chicken below 6 weeks of age
true
5) The eggs are not infected infectious bronchitis virus
true
6) IBV, the most important route is the germinative route
false
7) IBV, have a wide range of serotypes including many variant strains
true
8) IBV, cause stunting growth when embryonated egg is infected
false
9) IBV is an arterivirus
false
10) Mortality of IBV is high every ages
false
11) Mortality of IBV depends on the coinfections
true
12) IBV causes swollen oviducts in chicken
true
13) Mortality of IBV depends on the age
true
14) IBV can cause soft-shelled egg
true
15) IBV cannot cause viraemia
false
16) The Infectious Bursitis Virus IBDV is inactivated within 1-2 days in the environment
false
17) Infectious bronchitis viruses belong into 3 distinct serotypes
false
18) Infectious bronchitis virus damages the ovaries only in hens
false
19) Infectious bronchitis virus can cause renal problems
true
20) Infectious bronchitis virus can cause inflammatory lesions in the oviduct of chicken
true
21) Infections bronchitis virus vaccines are used against turkey enteritis
false
22) Infectious bronchitis virus can cause severe respiratory signs in young chicken.
true
23) Infectious bronchitis virus can damage the oviduct
true
24) Infectious bronchitis can spread very slowly in the flock causing chronic disease
false
25) There are no vaccines for the prevention of infectious bronchitis of chicken
false
26) Infectious bronchitis virus of chicken is a uniform virus without any types of variants.
false
27) There is no germinative infection in the case of infectious bronchitis of chicken
true
28) Infectious bronchitis virus replicates in the epithelial cells of the trachea and bronchi.
true
29) Infectious bronchitis virus can result in damaged or abnormal shell formation.
true
30) Infectious bronchitis has a lot of serotypes
true
31) Infectious bronchitis viruses may have different organ tropism.
true
32) Germinative route is the most important in the transmission of infectious bronchitis
false
33) Inactivated vaccines can be used against infectious bronchitis
true
34) Attenuated vaccines can be used against infectious bronchitis
true
35) Infectious bronchitis viruses form 2 distinct serotypes
false
36) Infectious bronchitis viruses have a wide range of serotypes including many variants
true
37) The clinical signs of Infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease may be similar
true
1) Coronavirus can cause diarrhoea in turkeys
true
2) Turkey corona virus does not cause strong diarrhoea and causes no necrosis
false
3) Turkey enteritis is characterized by age-dependent mortality rates
true
vaccination of turkey breeding flocks against Turkey enteritis virus is mandatory
false
