Paramyxoviruses Flashcards
1) Paramyxoviruses are bad immunogens
false
2) Paramyxoviruses can survive just a few days in the environment
true
3) Paramyxoviruses cannot cause strong cytopathogenic effect in cell cultures
false
4) Paramyxoviruses are good immunogens
true
5) Parainfluenza viruses generally cause infection in the respiratory tract
true
6) Parainfluenza viruses are highly host specific
false
7) There are no vaccines on the market against canine parainfluenza 2 virus
false
8) Canine parainfluenza virus 2 frequently causes encephalitis in old dogs
false
9) Feline morbillivirus infection may be associated with tubulo-interstitial nephritis in cats
true
10) Parainfluenza virus 2 infection is frequent in the aetiology of kennel cough
false
1) Rinderpest virus can infect pigs.
true
2) Rinderpest virus can infect cattle
false, should be true, affects cattle, other ruminants and swine
3) The morbidity of rinderpest can reach 100%
true
4) Rinderpest virus replicated only in the lungs
false
5) Rinderpest virus is resistant; it can survive in the environment for several weeks
false
6) Rinderpest virus causes viraemia
true
7) Extended interstitial pneumonia is a frequent post mortem lesion of rinderpest
false
8) Vesicle formation on the mucous membranes is typical in the case of rinderpest
false
9) Diarrhoea with blood is a typical sign of rinderpest
true
10) Enteral clinical signs are not typical in Rinderpest
false
11) Attenuated viruses are widely used for the prevention of Rinderpest in Africa
false
12) The clinical signs of rinderpest and malignant catarrhal fever are similar
true
13) Erosions in the oral and nasal cavity are clinical signs of rinderpest
true
14) Rinderpest occurs in large number in Africa
false
15) Earth is free from Rinderpest
true
16) Wild mammals are asymptomatic carriers of Rinderpest
false
17) It is mandatory to vaccinate cattle against Rinderpest
false
18) Nowadays Rinderpest virus is used as heterologous vaccine against the PPR virus
false
19) Rinderpest virus survives for years in nature
false
20) Only cattle are susceptible to Rinderpest infections
false
21) Rinderpest is carried by animals for a long time
false
22) Rinderpest commonly occurs in Africa and in Latin America
false
23) Rinderpest virus is carried by animals for several years
false
24) Cattle are infected with rinderpest virus mainly per os
false, should be true
25) Rinderpest virus can survive in the environment for several months
false
1) Peste des pest ruminants virus is resistant, it can survive in the environment for several months
false
2) Attenuated vaccines can be used for the prevention of peste des petit ruminants
true
3) Peste des petits ruminants is a widespread disease in Europe
false
4) Generally direct contact is needed to the transmission of peste des petits ruminants virus
true
5) Peste des petits ruminants virus replicates in the epithelium of the mucous membranes
true
6) Peste des petit ruminants is a frequently diagnosed disease in America
false
7) Necrosis of the oral epithelium is a typical sign of peste des petits ruminants.
true
8) Peste de petits ruminants is a zoonotic disease
false
9) Nasal discharge is a typical clinical sign of peste des petit ruminants
true
10) Erosive lesions in the oral cavity are frequent signs of Peste des petits ruminants
true
11) The Peste des petits ruminants are endemic in North- and South America
false
12) Peste des petites ruminants virus can cause haemorrhagic pneumonia
true
13) Peste des petites ruminants virus can cause haemorrhagic or necrotic enteritis
true
14) Over 50% of the animals may die during a Peste des petits ruminants outbreak
true
15) The world is free of Peste des petites ruminants
false
1) Canine distemper virus can produce a generalised infection
true
2) The pathogenesis of distemper is influenced by the immune response of the host
true
3) Distemper can be prevented only with the attenuated but not inactivated vaccines
false
4) Distemper is zoonosis
false
5) Distemper virus is shed in respiratory discharge and urine
true
6) Canine distemper has six serotypes
false
7) Neurological signs are not typical signs of canine distemper
false
8) Clinical signs of the nervous system generally do not appear always in the case of canine distemper
false
9) Canine distemper virus has one serotype with virulence variants
true
10) Salivation and chewing movements cannot be clinical signs of canine distemper
false
11) Distemper is a highly contagious disease of dogs and some other carnivores
true
12) Canine distemper virus causes immunosuppression
true
the dog is the only species which is susceptible to canine distemper virus
false
14) Three to six month old dogs are most susceptible to canine distemper virus
true
15) Enamel hypoplasia can be a sign of distemper
true
16) Hyperkeratosis of the nose and footpads are clinical signs of canine distemper
true
17) Ataxia and paralysis are the main clinical signs of distemper in cats
false
18) Distemper virus infects only dogs
false
19) Distemper can cause abortion
true
20) Dogs infected with Canine distemper virus usually become life-long carriers and shedders
false
21) Clinical manifestation of the Canine distemper is mainly seen in 3-4 months-old dogs
true
22) The outcome of Canine distemper virus infection is very much influenced by the immune response of the dog in utero
true
23) Distemper virus infects only species belonging to Canidae
false
24) Distemper virus spreads mainly by droplet infection.
true
25) Distemper virus can cause fetopathy
true
26) Distemper virus can infect species belonging to the Felidae
true
27) Distemper virus spreads mainly by arthropod vectors
false
28) Distemper is a notifiable disease
false
29) The dominant clinical sign of Canine distemper is diarrhoea
false
30) Distemper occurs in lions and dolphins
true
31) Distemper can cause encephalitis in dogs
true
32) Surviving distemper does not result in protection
false
33) Distemper can predispose dogs to secondary bacterial infections
true
34) Vaccinations against distemper at half years of age
false
35) Distemper causes de-myelinization
true
36) Distemper through conjunctival smear can be diagnosed by immunofluorescence technique
true
37) Canine distemper virus often causes cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the urinary bladder epithelial cells
true
1) Hendra and Nipah viruses cause zoonotic disease
true
1) Hendra virus can infect mainly swine and human
false
2) Hendra virus can cause respiratory and neurological signs
true
3) Horse is susceptible to Hendra virus infection
true
4) Hendra virus can cause enteritis in the small intestine.
false
5) Natural reservoir of Hendra virus is flying fox (bat)
true
6) Hendra-viruses can cause encephalitis in horses and in humans
true
7) Hendra virus is found only in Australia
true
1) Diseases caused by Nipah virus occur worldwide
false
2) Nipah virus can cause ataxia, spasms, and paralysis in pigs
true
3) Natural reservoir of Nipah virus is fruit bats
true
4) Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of the Nipah-viruses
false
5) Nipah virus is transmitted mainly by arthropod vectors
false
1) Bovine RS virus can cause severe pneumonia in 6 months to 2 years old calves
true
2) Bovine respiratory syncytial virus replicates in the alveolar epithelium
true
3) Worldwide occurrence is characteristic for Bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection
true
4) Bovine respiratory syncytial virus causes viraemia
false
5) Bovine respiratory syncytial virus can predispose to secondary bacterial infections
true
6) Subcutaneous emphysema is a common clinical sign of the disease caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus
true
7) Disease caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus cannot be prevented with vaccination
false
8) Bovine respiratory syncytial virus is spreading fast within a herd
true
9) Bovine respiratory syncytial virus can cause life threatening disease in calves
true
10) Bovine respiratory syncytial virus causes low morbidity and high mortality
false
11) Bovine respiratory syntitial virus is caused by pneumovirus and we use inactivated vaccines for prevention
true
1) Bovine parainfluenza virus causes central nervous clinical signs in calves
false
2) Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus can result formation of hyalin membrane in the alveoli
true
3) Disease caused by bovine parainfluenza-3 virus is very rare
false
4) Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus can cause interstitial pneumonia in calves
true
5) Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus infection is usually endemic in cattle farms
true
6) Bovine parainffuenza-3 virus generally causes aerosol infection
true
7) Fever, coughing, nasal discharge are common clinical signs of bovine PI-3 infection
true
8) Disease caused by bovine parainfluenza 3 virus can be diagnosed using paired sera
true
9) Bovine parainfluenza virus 3 is frequently endemic in cattle farms
true
10) Parainfluenza 3 virus of cattle spreads mainly by arthropod vectors
false
11) Symptoms of parainfluenza 3 virus infection of cattle are similar to RS virus infection
true
12) Parainfluenza-3 virus of cattle can cause thromboembolic meningoencephalitis
false
13) Parainfluenza-3 virus infection of calves is frequently followed by secondary bacterial infection
true
14) Parainfluenza-3 viruses causes disease primarily in young calves
true
15) A common route of infection with parainfluenza-3 is through inhalation
true
16) Parainfluenza-3 virus can predispose cattle to pneumonia caused by bacteria
true
17) The main clinical sign of a parainfluenza-3 infection is diarrhoea
false
18) Parainfluenza-3 virus aids in secondary bacterial contaminations
true
1) Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) cause an acute form of the disease
true
2) Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) cause an acute septicemia
false
3) Live mesogenic strains of NDV are used for vaccinations in Europe
true
4) Day-old chicken can be vaccinated with apathogenic strains to prevent ND
true
5) Hen flocks are vaccinated with lentogenic/apathogenic strains to induce maternal immunity
true
6) Mesogenic strains of NDV are used for vaccination in some countries
true
7) Apathogenic trains of NDV are used for vaccination
false, should be true
8) Velogenic-viscerotropic NDV strains can cause disease with high mortality
true
9) ND is caused by virulent strains of the APMV-1 serogroup
false, should be true
10) Members of every APMV serogroup can cause Newcastle disease
false
11) It is possible to determine the virulence of AMPV-1 strains by sequencing
true
12) A usual 1st symptom of neurotropic-vNDV infection is diarrhea
false
13) An acute, nervous form of Newcastle disease can frequently be seen in ducks
false
14) An acute, nervous form of Newcastle disease can frequently be seen in dogs
false
15) Newcastle disease is caused by virulent strains of serogroup APMV-1
true
16) An intracerebral pathogenicity index higher than 0.7 is a criterion of ND
true
17) The sequence of Newcastle disease virus F0 splice is a significant factor in its virulence
true
18) Newcastle Disease ND viruses cause dwarfism in embryonated chicken eggs
false
19) There are no vaccines for the prevention of Newcastle disease.
false
20) Only faeces of the infected birds contains Newcastle disease virus
false
21) Diarrhoea is a clinical sign of Newcastle disease
true
22) Virulence of Newcastle disease virus can be characterised with the chicken embryo survival index
true
23) Newcastle disease is caused by avian paramyxovirus 1
true
24) Newcastle disease virus can infect only chicken
false
25) Worldwide distribution is common for Newcastle disease virus
true
26) Inhalation is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus
true
27) Per os infection is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus
true
28) Eurasia is free from Newcastle disease
false
29) Humans are resistant against Newcastle disease virus
false
30) Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus cause severe fatal infection
false
31) Lentogenic NDV may cause disease in young turkey
true
32) Germinative infection is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus
false
33) Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus can cause high morbidity and mortality in poultry flocks
false
34) Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus is more virulent than velogenic
false
35) Newcastle disease virus causes viraemia
true
36) Newcastle disease virus damages blood vessels
true
37) The clinical signs of Newcastle disease and avian influenza are similar
true
38) Virulence of Newcastle disease virus can be characterised with the intracerebral pathogenicity index
true
39) There are different virulence variants of Newcastle disease virus
true
40) Only inactivated vaccines may be used for the prevention of Newcastle disease
false
41) Velogenic Newcastle disease virus is more virulent than mesogenic
true
42) Tremor, spasms and torcicollis are clinical signs of Newcastle disease
true
43) Newcastle disease, splice site significant
true
44) Vaccination against Newcastle disease is used all over world
true
45) The vaccine for NDV is a lentogenic strain.
true
46) Lentogenic stain is used in vaccines for new castles disease
true
47) Newcastle disease virus velogen viscerotop and neurotrop causes neurological signs
true
48) Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of the Newcastle disease virus
true
49) The virulence of Newcastle disease strains can be determined by sequence analysis of certain genes
true
50) Newcastle disease virus cannot survive long in the environment
false
51) Newcastle disease virus is typically vectored by ticks
false
52) Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus always cause encephalitis
true
53) Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus can be used for vaccine production
true
54) Velogenic viscerotrop strains of Newcastle disease virus can be used for vaccine production
false
55) Avian paramyxoviruses (APMV) belong into 9 serogroups
true
56) Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus do not cause clinical signs
false
57) Wild boars may transmit Newcastle disease virus
false
58) Any member of the avian paramyxovirus serogroups may cause Newcastle disease
false
59) Avian paramyxovirus-1 usually causes central nervous disease in pigeons
true
60) Newcastle disease virus can be taken up by inhalation and per os
true
61) CNS clinical signs are frequently seen in chicken in the case of Newcastle disease
true
62) Newcastle disease could easily be differentiated from avian influenza
false
63) Using vaccines of velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus good protection can be reached
false
1) Drop of egg production is a clinical sign of avian metapneumovirus infection
true
2) Avian metapneumovirus infection occurs only in America
false
3) Avian metapneumovirus infection spreads very fast within the flock
true
4) Disease caused by avian metapneumovirus is more severe in turkeys than hens
true
5) In avian metapneumovirus infection the egg production drops/decreases
true
6) Swollen head syndrome (SHS) caused by avian metapneumonia virus.
true
7) Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of avian metapneumoviruses
true
8) Avian metapneumoviruses can cause respiratory signs and egg production problems
true
9) Turkey rhinotracheitis virus causes disease in turkeys and chickens
true
10) Turkey rhinotracheitis is most frequent at 4-9 weeks of age
true, should be false, all ages are susceptible
