Herpesviruses Flashcards
1) Herpesviruses are good antigens
false
2) Alphaherpesviruses are host specific slowly multiplying (>24hrs) viruses
false
3) Alphaherpesviruses may cause latent infection in neurons or ganglia
true
4) Some herpesviruses have a broad host spectrum (euryxen)
true
5) Gammaherpesviruses may cause latent infection in neurons of ganglia
true, should be false, only in lymphoid cells - alpha is in neurons
6) Herpes viruses are resistant to detergents
false
7) Herpesviruses are sensitive to detergents
true
8) Herpesviruses are generally weak antigens
true
9) Herpesviruses can cause latent persistent infections
true
10) Herpesviruses are typically stenoxen viruses, but there are significant exceptions
true
11) Herpesviruses are strong antigens, therefore single vaccinations provide lifelong protection
false
12) Herpesviruses are enveloped viruses, therefore they are sensitive to detergents
true
13) There are no serological cross-reactions between different herpesvirus species
false
14) Because the genome of herpesviruses is very stable, no attenuated mutant vaccine strains are available
false
15) Infectious bovine vulvovaginitis virus strains cause abortions and foetal deformities
false
16) Herpesvirus infections frequently result in latent virus carry
true
17) Herpesviruses usually cause latent infections and life-long virus carries
true
1) Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus can cause abortion.
true
2) The use of marker vaccines can help the eradication of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus
true
3) The most frequently used eradication strategy for IBRV is selection with the help of marker vaccines
true
4) Marker vaccines can be used in IBRV eradication programs in cattle farms
true
5) Antibodies against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) might be detected in the milk
true
6) Conjunctivitis and blepharitis are signs of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis
true
7) The infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) causes haemorrhagic gastroenteritis
false
8) Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus also causes mastitis in cows
false
9) Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus is transmitted by arthropods
false
10) Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus can cause fatal encephalitis in calves
true
11) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus frequently causes encephalitis in old cow and bulls
false
12) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus frequently causes encephalitis in old sow and bulls
false
13) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis can be endemic on cattle farms
true
14) Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus can cause skin lesions on the genitals
true
15) Bulls can shed the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis with semen
true
16) The infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) may spread via semen
true
17) Pregnant cows should be immunized with inactivated vaccines against IBRV
true
18) Pregnant cows should be immunized against IBRV only with inactivated vaccine
true
19) Attenuated vaccines are used in pregnant cows against Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus
false
20) Pregnant cows can be immunized against IBRV only with attenuated vaccines
false
21) Because Bovine herpesvirus l causes latent infections; it is not possible to eradicate it from a cattle population
false
22) Bovine herpesvirus l may cause encephalitis in calves
true
23) IBRV may cause encephalitis in calves
true
24) Only inactivated vaccines are available against Bovine herpesvirus l.
false
25) Bovine herpesvirus 1 may be transmitted through semen
true
26) Seropositive cattle cannot be carriers of the Infections Rhinotracheitis virus.
false
27) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) can be transmitted through vectors
false
28) The IBR virus causes nephritis in calves usually in the age between one and six months
false
29) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) cause serous nasal discharge.
false, should be true, starts off as serous and becomes mucopurulent
30) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis in 6-month-old calves usually causes pneumonia.
true
31) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis in cattle 6 months of age can cause encephalitis
false
32) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis often cause genital lesions with vesicles
true
33) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis may cause inflammation of conjunctiva.
true
34) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis cause purulent discharge
true
35) In Hungary the IgE-negative marker vaccine is to be used in the control of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis
true
36) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis is rapidly spread within the herd
false
37) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis is no longer present in Hungary
false
38) The respiratory form of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis is often followed by genital symptoms
false
39) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis spreads slowly within a herd
true
40) We can see characteristic clinical signs of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis in day-old calves
false
41) We are doing Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus eradication programs in Hungary
true
42) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus mainly cause encephalitis in cattle older than 6 months
false
43) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis mainly causes pneumonia in 1-6 months old calves
true
44) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis is rare, BHV-1 only affects cattle
false
45) In the transmission IBRV, the most important route is the germinative route
false
46) Genital form of IBR is often followed by abortion
false
47) IBR can occur in several clinical forms.
true
48) IBR is a frequent infection, cattle and its closest relatives are affected
true
1) Bovine Herpes virus 2 frequently causes abortion
false
2) Bovine herpes mamillitis virus can cause mastitis in cows
false, should be true, doesnt cause it per se but does predispose as milking is painful, so they avoid it
3) Bovine herpes mamillitis virus may cause lesions on the muzzle of suckling calves
true
4) The bovine herpes mamillitis virus causes lesions on the skin of the milkers, therefore it is a zoonotic agent
false
5) Bovine herpesvirus 2 may cause generalised skin lesions
true
6) Bovine herpesvirus 2 is the most frequent primary cause of mastitis in cattle
false
7) Bovine Herpes Mammillitis virus causes milkers’ nodules in humans
false
8) Bovine Herpes Mammillitis virus may cause lesions on the lips of milking calves
true
9) Regarding Bovine Herpes Mammillitis, mainly heifers show clinical signs
true
1) Swine inclusion body rhinitis virus is causing mainly subclinical infection
true
2) Bloody nasal discharge can be a sign of swine inclusion body rhinitis
true
3) Clinical manifestation of swine inclusion body rhinitis is usually seen in piglets less than 3 weeks old
true
4) Inclusion body rhinitis is predisposing to fatal respiratory disease in pigs
false
5) Suid herpesvirus 2 may cause upper respiratory tract disease in piglets
true
6) Swine Inclusion Body Rhinitis is usually seen in piglets
true
7) The Swine Inclusion Body Rhinitis virus may cause reproductive problems in sows
true
1) Malignant catarrhal fever is mostly fatal in sheep
false
2) Malignant catarrhal fever is an alphaherpesvirus causing latent infection in ganglia
false
3) Malignant catarrhal fever develops only in suckling calves up to two weeks of age
false
4) Malignant catarrhal fever can be seen only in calves younger than one month
false
5) Malignant catarrhal fever causes only mild respiratory disease in sheep
false
6) Sheep should be immunised against malignant catarrhal fever virus
false
7) Malignant catarrhal fever may develop in swine too
true
8) Malignant catarrhal fever is frequently seen in cats
false
9) Cattle should be vaccinated against malignant catarrhal fever
false
10) Goats are the reservoir hosts of the malignant catarrhal fever virus
false
11) The incubation period of malignant catarrhal fever is less than one week
false
12) Malignant catarrhal fever is quickly spreading from cattle to cattle.
false
13) Cattle should be vaccinated against malignant catarrhal fever in every six months
false
14) The malignant catarrhal fever is caused by Bovine Herpes virus-2
false
15) Malignant Catarrhal Fever is usually lethal in cattle
true
16) Rodents are the reservoir hosts of the Malignant Catarrhal Fever virus
false
17) Swine are the reservoir host of the Malignant Catarrhal Fever virus
false
18) The Malignant Catarrhal Fever is caused by Bovine herpesvirus-2
false
19) We vaccinate calves 2 times against Malignant Catarrhal Fever
false
20) Swine are affected by Malignant Catarrhal Fever
true
21) Malignant Catarrhal Fever does not occur in Europe
false
22) Malignant Catarrhal Fever can cause diarrhoea
true
23) Malignant Catarrhal Fever spreads slowly within a cattle herd
false
24) Malignant Catarrhal Fever occurs if we keep cattle and sheep together
true
25) Malignant Catarrhal Fever does not occur in Hungary
false
1) The Aujeszy’s disease virus is stenoxen
false
2) Wild boars are not susceptible to Aujeszy’s disease virus.
false
3) Abortion of sows can be a sign of Aujeszys disease
true
4) Pregnant sows may abort in Aujeszky’s disease
true
5) In swine the most serious CS of Aujeszys disease are usually seen in piglets
true
6) Dogs should be vaccinated against Aujeszys disease
false
7) Carnivores are the reservoir hosts of the Aujeszky’s disease virus
false
8) The Aujeszys disease in cats is usually a mild respiratory disease with quick recovery
false
9) The signs of Aujeszys disease in dogs are similar to rabies
true
10) The natural reservoir hosts of the Aujeszys disease virus are rodents
false
11) The Aujeszy disease causes fatal pneumonia in Ruminants and Carnivores
false
12) The Aujeszy disease is zoonosis
false
13) The symptoms of Aujeszys disease in ruminants is similar to rabies
true
14) The Aujeszy disease virus may infect several mammalian hosts
true
15) Aujeszys diseases can be latently carried by pigs in the nervous system
true
16) Central nervous signs of the Aujeszky’s disease are rarely seen in adult swine
true
17) Convalescent swine are life-long carriers and potential shedders of Aujeszky’s disease virus
true
18) Swine are immunized against the Aujeszky’s disease virus usually with gE negative marker vaccines
true
19) Rats are the reservoir hosts of the Aujeszky’s disease
false
20) The Suid herpesvirus 1 frequently causes encephalitis in humans
false
21) Liquid manure may play a role in the transmission of Suid herpesvirus 1 from swine to cattle
true
22) Discriminative ELISA tests may differentiate between vaccinated swine wild type Suid- herpesvirus infected ones
true
23) In adult swine the most frequent manifestation of Aujeszky’s disease is encephalitis
false
24) Aujeszky’s disease virus infection in adult pigs is frequently subclinical
true
25) Pigs infected with wild type Aujeszky’s disease virus can be differentiated from vaccinated ones by serological tests (i.e ELISA).
true
26) Cattle should be vaccinated against Malignant Catarrhal Fever
false
27) Aujeszky ́s disease can occur in pigs and cats
true
28) Aujeszky ́s disease in pigs causes viraemia
true
29) Aujeszky ́s disease in cats spreads along the nerves
true
30) Aujeszky ́s disease can cause respiratory signs in adult pigs
true
31) Aujeszky ́s disease causes fever in day old piglets
true
32) Aujeszky`s disease causes pneumonia in susceptible piglets
false
33) Aujeszky`s disease doesn’t cause clinical signs in susceptible piglets
false
34) Aujeszky`s disease causes pruritus in susceptible piglets.
false
35) Aujeszky`s disease causes 20-30% mortality in susceptible piglets.
false
36) Older pigs are more frequently affected by Aujeszky ́s
false
1) Equine rhinopneumonitis virus is transmitted by arthropods
false
2) For immunisation against equine rhinopneumonitis virus mostly marker vaccines are used
false
3) Equine rhinopneumonitis virus can cause abortion several weeks after acute infection.
true
4) Equine rhinopneumonitis virus causes cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the foetal hepatocytes
false
5) Equid herpesvirus 4 more frequently causes encephalitis than Equid herpesvirus 1
false
6) Horses should be vaccinated against equine rhinopneumonitis virus at least every 6 months
true, should be false
7) Equine rhinopneumonitis virus causes necrotic foci in the liver of the foetus
true
8) Fever and serous nasal discharge are early signs of acute equine rhinopneumonitis
true
9) Equine rhinopneumonitis virus can cause purulent metritis
false
10) Only equine herpesvirus 4 can cause abortion
false
11) Pregnant mares abort usually in the acute phase of equine rhinopneumonitis
false
12) After EHV1 infection pregnant mares abort in the acute febrile stage
false
13) Immunisation against equine rhinopneumonitis virus provides life long protection
false
14) Equine rhinopneumonitis virus is present only in North America
false
15) The equid herpesvirus 1 may cause abortion storms in studs
true
16) Pregnant mares abort usually several weeks after equid herpesvirus 1 infection
true
17) Vaccinated horses cannot get infected with Equid herpesvirus 1
false
18) Equid herpesvirus 1 associated abortions are always sporadic
false
19) Equid herpesvirus 1 may cause subclinical infection in horses
true
20) Only pregnant mares should be immunized against Equid herpesvirus-1 infection.
false
21) A single vaccination against Equid herpesvirus-1 provides life-long protection
false
22) Equine rhinopneumonitis virus can cause only respiratory problems
false
23) Both equid herpesvirus 1 and 4 can cause abortion
true, but ehv-4 abortions are rare
24) For immunisation against Equine rhinopneumonitis virus mostly marker vaccines are used
false
25) A single vaccination of a horse against EHV-1 induces protection for several years
false
26) Equine herpesvirus-4 primarily causes abortion in horses
false
27) Equine herpesvirus-4 causes mainly respiratory symptoms in horses.
true
28) Equine herpesvirus-1 contains cross-reactive proteins against disease caused by EHV-4.
true
29) Vaccination containing Equine herpesvirus-1 also provides protection against EHV-4.
false?
30) Equine herpesvirus-1 primarily causes respiratory symptoms in horses
false, should be true
31) Equine herpesvirus-1 primarily causes abortion
true, should be false, it mainly causes respiratory signs but also causes abortion
32) One vaccination is enough to prevent Equine herpesvirus-1
false
33) Mares infected with Equine herpesvirus-1 have a febrile state, then abort
true, should be false, they show no signs before abortion
34) Horses should be vaccinated against Equine herpesvirus-1 every six months
false
1) Equine herpesvirus 2 may cause keratoconjunctivitis
true
2) Equine herpesvirus 2 can cause respiratory disease only in young foals
true
3) Equid herpesvirus-2 may cause respiratory disease in foals
true
4) Equid herpesvirus 5 may play a role in the equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis.
true
5) Equid herpesvirus 2 may cause keratoconjunctivitis in foals
true
6) Equid herpesvirus 5 causes encephalitis in foals
false
7) Equine herpesvirus-2 and 5 causes pustular vulvovaginitis
false
8) Equid herpesvirus-2 may cause Coital Exanthemas in horse
false
9) Equid herpesvirus-2 and 5 cause diarrhoea and hepatitis in foals
false
10) In horses infected with Equine herpesvirus-2, the symptoms are often unnoticed
true
11) Equine herpesvirus-2 in horses does not cause symptoms in adult animals
true
12) It is enough to vaccinate mares 2 times against Equine herpesvirus-2.
false
1) Equid herpesvirus 3 can cause lesions on the genital mucosa without abortion
true
2) Equid herpesvirus 3 may cause coital exanthema in horses
true
3) Abortion is frequent complication of coital exanthema in mares
false
4) Herpesvirus 3 can be transmitted through mating
true
5) Coital exanthema virus frequently causes abortion
false
6) Coital Exanthema virus does not cause abortion
true
7) Equine Coital Exanthema can cause abortion storms in studs
false
8) Equine herpesvirus-3 cause abortion storms
false
1) Canine herpesvirus infection can cause abortion
true
2) Herpesvirus infection of adult dogs may result in reproductive disorders
true
3) Canine herpesvirus infection frequently appears with flu like symptoms
true
4) Feline herpesvirus infects dogs as well
false
5) Liver lesions are frequently seen in puppies with Canid herpesvirus 1 infection
true
6) Canine herpesvirus infection can cause blue eye disease
false
7) Herpesvirus is frequently causing kennel cough
true
8) Hypothermia and weak immune response facilitate the severity of canid herpes virus infection of dogs
true
9) Latent canine herpesvirus infection can be activated in pregnant bitches
true
10) Canine herpesvirus can cause transplacental infection
true
11) Pregnant bitches can be immunised against canine herpesvirus with inactivated vaccine
true
12) Herpes infection of pups 2-3 weeks old is fatal
true
13) Canine Herpes virus may remain in latency for years in infected animals
true
14) Canine herpesvirus 1 may contribute to the kennel cough syndrome
true
15) Canid herpesvirus-1 may cause generalized infection and severe disease in young puppies
true
16) Inactivated vaccines are available for immunization against Canid herpesvirus-1.
true
17) Upper respiratory infection of Canid herpesvirus-1 may contribute to the kennel cough syndrome
true
18) In utero infections with Canid herpesvirus may result in abortion
true
19) Decreased body temperature has a negative effect on Canine herpesvirus infected animals
true
20) Herpesvirus infection of dogs is most severe in 3-6 months old puppies
false
21) Large dog kennels are usually seropositive for canine herpesvirus
true
22) Canine herpesvirus infection can be deadly below 2-3 weeks of age
true
1) Feline rhinotracheitis predisposes to pneumonia caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica
true
2) Feline rhinotracheitis can cause foetal developmental anomalies in pregnant cats.
true
3) Felid herpesvirus does not cause viraemia and abortion.
false
4) Abortion is uncommon in feline rhinotracheitis of pregnant animals
false
5) Abortion is rare in rhinotracheitis infected pregnant cats
false
6) Sneezing is a typical sign of feline infectious rhinotracheitis
true
7) Feline herpesvirus does not cause respiratory signs, only viraemia and abortion
false
8) Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of feline rhinotracheitis
true
9) Conjunctivitis and muco-purulent nasal discharge are frequent signs of feline rhinotracheitis
true
10) Clinical signs of feline infectious rhinotracheitis are similar to those of calicivirus
true
11) Feline infectious rhinotracheitis often results high mortality in susceptible young kittens.
true
12) Feline infectious rhinotracheitis often results in abortion of pregnant queens
true
13) Felid herpesvirus 1 spreads slowly in cat populations
false
14) Feline infectious rhinotracheitis is characterized by inflammation of the upper respiratory tract
true
15) Crowded area, poor general condition and stress contribute significantly to the development of feline infectious rhinotracheitis
true
16) Prolonged contact is usually needed for successful transmission of feline infectious rhinotracheitis
true
17) Feline infectious rhinotracheitis can be treated with specific hyperimmune sera
true
18) Ulcerations of the oral mucosa are frequent signs of Feline Rhinotracheitis
false
19) Feline Infectious Rhinotracheitis occurs in summer because Felid herpesvirus-1 is transmitted by mosquitoes
false
20) Feline herpesvirus-1 is mainly transmitted by mosquitoes.
false
21) Felid herpesvirus-1 is moderately contagious: spreads slowly in cat populations
false
22) Feline Infectious Rhinotracheitis virus is transmitted mainly through the air
false
23) The Feline Infectious Rhinotracheitis virus is very contagious to cats
true
24) Mucous is a frequent sign of Feline Infectious Rhinotracheitis
true
1) The infectious laryngotracheitis is seen only in young chickens
false
2) Diarrhoea is frequent in infectious laryngotracheitis of chickens
false
3) Infectious laryngotracheitis virus strains may differ in virulence
true
4) Encephalitis is a frequent complication in Infectious Laryngotracheitis of chickens
false
5) Ducks are the most susceptible to infectious laryngotracheitis virus
false
6) The infectious laryngotracheitis causes pseudomembrane formation in the oesophagus
true, should be false, produces pseudomembrane in trachea
7) Chickens above 6 weeks of age are not susceptible to infectious laryngotracheitis
false
8) The infectious laryngotracheitis can cause viraemia and pneumonia in young
false
9) Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of infectious laryngotracheitis
true
10) Infectious laryngotracheitis virus is typically transmitted by the germinative route
false
11) Infectious laryngotracheitis can be deadly in chickens
true
12) Infectious laryngotracheitis is most frequently seen in day-old chickens
false
13) Infectious laryngotracheitis virus is shed mainly with faeces
false
14) Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus replicates in the liver of cats
false
15) Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus replicates in the upper respiratory tract
true
16) Germinative route is the most important factor in the transmission of the Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus
false
17) Tracheal lesions of Infectious Laryngotracheitis may be similar to those of fowl pox.
true
18) The Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus does not cause viraemia
true
19) Infectious Laryngotracheitis is most frequently seen in day-old turkey.
false
20) Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus is present worldwide
true
21) Infectious Laryngotracheitis usually occurs clinically under 6 weeks of age
false
22) Infectious Laryngotracheitis causes changes in the larynx and upper airways
true
23) Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus invades the kidneys after viraemia
false
24) Infectious Laryngotracheitis of poultry spreads germinatively
false
25) Infectious Laryngotracheitis also occur in Hungary.
true
26) Infectious Laryngotracheitis causes eggshell deformation
false
27) Infectious Laryngotracheitis frequently damages the oviduct of hen.
false
28) Infectious Laryngotracheitis can be deadly in chickens
true
29) Mortality of infectious laryngotracheitis can go up to 50%.
true
1) In case of viraemia the GaHV2 spreads to fowl’s organs in macrophages
true
2) Transient paralysis form of Marek’s disease can be present in 6-week-old chicken
true
3) Infection of Marek’s disease can occur in hatchery
true
4) The vaccines of Marek’s disease are not efficient
false
5) The turkey herpesvirus causes cross immunity against Marek’s disease.
true
6) Turkey Herpes virus can be used for vaccination against Marek Disease
true
7) Lymphoproliferative form of Marek’s disease can be present in 6-week-old chicken.
true
8) Lymphoproliferative form of Marek’s disease can be present in hens (older age)
false
9) Clinical signs of Marek’s disease present rare, because of vaccination
true
10) Lymphoproliferative form of Mareks disease is a chronic disease
false
11) The duck herpesvirus causes cross immunity against Marek disease
false
12) The free virions spread to organs independent of cells in the case of Marek disease
false
13) Transient paralysis form of Mareks disease can be present in hens
false
14) Lymphoproliferative form of Mareks disease is an acute disease
true
15) Neurological form of Mareks disease can be present in 4 week old chicken
false
16) There is in ovo vaccine against Mareks disease
true
17) Intake of GaHV2 happens most frequently per os
false
18) Germinative infection does not occur in Mareks disease
true
19) Germinative infection does occur in Mareks disease
false
20) In case of viraemia the GaHV2 spreads to fowl’s organs in red blood cells
false
21) The acute form of Mareks is primarily a tumour formation
true
22) Marek disease is usually seen in chickens below 2 weeks of age
false
23) Marek disease virus is shed with faeces in high titres
false
24) Signs of Marek disease may be very similar to reticuloendotheliosis signs
true
25) The Marek disease virus survives for long in the environment
true
26) Marek disease is caused by turkey herpesvirus
false
27) Transient Marek paralysis may lead to visceral form
true
28) Transient paralysis by Marek’s disease usually ends in full recovery
false
29) The chronic form of Marek disease is characterized by neurological disorders
true
30) The chronic form of Marek disease is due to circuses of higher virulence
false
31) Marek disease is the result of air born infection
true
32) Marek disease usually starts as an airborne infection
true
33) Free Marek virus particles are shed from the feather follicles
true
34) The Marek’s disease virus may survive in the environment for several months
true
35) Marek’s disease is most frequently seen in geese and ducks
false
36) Free virions of the Marek’s disease virus are formed in the feather follicle epithelial cells.
true
37) Humoral immunity plays the central role in the host’s defence against the Marek’s disease virus
false
38) The neurological form of the Marek’s disease is seen only in day-old chicks.
false
39) Chicken shed the Marek’s disease virus via feather follicular epithelial cells
true
40) The pathological lesions of acute Marek’s disease and reticuloendotheliosis can be similar.
true
41) Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of acute Marek’s disease
false
42) The Marek ́s disease virus is transmitted by inhalation.
true
43) Marek ́s disease virus can ́t be prevented by vaccination, because it ́s immunosuppressive
false
44) The pathology lesions of acute Marek ́s disease and avian leucosis can be similar
true
45) The Marek ́s disease virus causes immunosuppression
true
46) The acute form of Marek ́s disease is characterized by lymphoid cell proliferation
true
47) The neurological form of Marek ́s disease has a mass appearance
false
48) The highly virulent strains of Marek ́s disease may cause tumours in turkey
true
49) The incubation time of acute Marek ́s disease is 1-2 days
false
50) The neurological form of Marek ́s disease leads to significant liver degeneration
false
51) Both serotypes of the Marek ́s virus cause disease in geese
false
52) North America is free of Marek ́s disease
false
53) Marek’s disease only occurs in domestic fowl
true
54) Marek’s disease spreads primarily via the aerogenous route
true
55) Marek’s disease virus is shed mainly via the faeces
false
56) Marek ́s disease in the blood multiplies in the endothelial cells
false
57) Marek ́s disease is a beta herpes virus
false
58) Marek’s disease primarily targets day old chickens
false
59) The neoplastic form of Marek disease is caused by high virulence strains.
true
60) Vaccination is used for the prevention of Marek ́s disease
true
61) The neoplastic form of Marek’s is caused by low virulence strains
false
62) We can differentiate Marek’s disease from reticuloendotheliosis only by lab diagnostics methods
true
63) Prevention against Marek ́s: no measures needed as the disease remains mostly symptomless
false
64) General preventative measures and vaccination of day-old chickens must be used for the prevention of Marek’s disease
true
live attenuated strains are used for vaccination against Marek ́s disease
true
66) No vaccination is needed against Marek’s disease.
false
67) The highly virulent strains of Marek’s disease may cause tumors in turkeys.
true
68) Marek’s disease viruses are uniform in their virulence
false
69) Highly virulent Marek’s disease viruses may break through vaccine induced protection
true
1) Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of duck viral enteritis
true
2) Only sporadic clinical cases of duck viral enteritis are seen in an affected flock
false
3) Mallards may transmit the duck enteritis virus to domestic ducks kept on lakes
true
4) Liver dystrophy is a frequent lesion of duck viral enteritis (duck plague)
true
5) Wild ducks may be persistently infected with duck plague (duck enteritis) virus
true
6) Duck plague virus may be shed life long by animals recovered from the disease
true
7) Duck plague (viral enteritis) can’t cause high mortality without secondary bacterial infection
false
8) Duck plaque and duck viral enteritis are two names of the same disease
true
9) Duck viral enteritis is seldom fatal
false
10) Treatment is the most effective control method for duck viral enteritis
false
11) Duck plague is more severe in wild birds than in domestic ducks
false
12) Duck plague virus damages blood vessel endothelium
true
13) Duck plague only affects young ducklings
false
14) Duck plague is only seen in day old ducklings
false
15) Duck viral enteritis is usually mild, osmotic diarrhoea
false
16) Duck plague infects exclusively domestic and wild ducks
false
17) Antibiotic treatment is the most effective control method for Duck Viral Enteritis
false
18) Beak deformity is a typical sign of Duck Plague.
false
19) Muscovy duck are resistant to the Duck Viral Enteritis
false
20) Duck Plague/Duck viral Enteritis cause high mortality in all ages.
false
21) Duck Plague/Duck viral Enteritis clinical signs in young ducks are only seen in birds up to 4 weeks of age
false
22) Vaccines containing a live attenuated strain can be used for prevention against Duck Plague
true
23) Duck Plague/Duck viral Enteritis vaccination is not needed as clinical signs are mild
false
24) Duck Plague virus can “settle” in wild ducks
true
25) Duck Plague is an outbreak of Avian influenza in ducks, with a host-adapted version of the virus
false
26) Duck Plague only causes hepatitis in young ducks
false
27) Duck Plague only causes disease in ducks and geese
false
28) Duck Plague virus causes high mortality in both old and young birds
false
29) Duck Plague also affects geese
true
30) Duck Plague is a disease of young ducks only
false
31) Duck Viral Enteritis can affect all age groups
true
32) Depression, respiratory signs and bloody diarrhoea are main signs of Duck Plague.
true
33) In most cases the Duck Plague disease remain symptomless
false
34) Duck Plague is more severe in wild birds than domestic ducks
false
1) Pigeon herpesvirus mainly causes encephalitis in adult pigeons.
false
2) Pigeon herpesvirus infections usually result a haemorrhagic deadly disease
false
3) Pigeon herpesvirus is characterised by focal necrosis in the liver in pigeons
true
4) Pigeon herpesvirus kills mostly day old pigeons
false
5) Pigeon herpesvirus infection causes feather development problems
false
6) Pigeon herpesvirus infections mainly affect young pigeons.
true
7) Pigeon herpesvirus mainly causes encephalitis in adult pigeons
false
8) Pigeon herpesvirus infection is frequently combined with adenovirus and circovirus infection
true
9) Pigeon herpesvirus may cause respiratory disease in young pigeons
true
10) Pigeon herpesvirus causes conjunctivitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis and diarrhoea in the acute stage.
true
11) Pigeon herpesvirus infection is related to Marek’s disease
true
12) Pigeon herpesvirus has the highest mortality in day-old pigeons.
false
13) Diarrhoea and nasal discharge are common in Pigeon herpesvirus infections
true
