Herpesviruses Flashcards
1
Q
1) Herpesviruses are good antigens
A
false
2
Q
2) Alphaherpesviruses are host specific slowly multiplying (>24hrs) viruses
A
false
3
Q
3) Alphaherpesviruses may cause latent infection in neurons or ganglia
A
true
4
Q
4) Some herpesviruses have a broad host spectrum (euryxen)
A
true
5
Q
5) Gammaherpesviruses may cause latent infection in neurons of ganglia
A
true, should be false, only in lymphoid cells - alpha is in neurons
6
Q
6) Herpes viruses are resistant to detergents
A
false
7
Q
7) Herpesviruses are sensitive to detergents
A
true
8
Q
8) Herpesviruses are generally weak antigens
A
true
9
Q
9) Herpesviruses can cause latent persistent infections
A
true
10
Q
10) Herpesviruses are typically stenoxen viruses, but there are significant exceptions
A
true
11
Q
11) Herpesviruses are strong antigens, therefore single vaccinations provide lifelong protection
A
false
12
Q
12) Herpesviruses are enveloped viruses, therefore they are sensitive to detergents
A
true
13
Q
13) There are no serological cross-reactions between different herpesvirus species
A
false
14
Q
14) Because the genome of herpesviruses is very stable, no attenuated mutant vaccine strains are available
A
false
15
Q
15) Infectious bovine vulvovaginitis virus strains cause abortions and foetal deformities
A
false
16
Q
16) Herpesvirus infections frequently result in latent virus carry
A
true
17
Q
17) Herpesviruses usually cause latent infections and life-long virus carries
A
true
18
Q
1) Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus can cause abortion.
A
true
19
Q
2) The use of marker vaccines can help the eradication of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus
A
true
20
Q
3) The most frequently used eradication strategy for IBRV is selection with the help of marker vaccines
A
true
21
Q
4) Marker vaccines can be used in IBRV eradication programs in cattle farms
A
true
22
Q
5) Antibodies against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) might be detected in the milk
A
true
23
Q
6) Conjunctivitis and blepharitis are signs of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis
A
true
24
Q
7) The infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) causes haemorrhagic gastroenteritis
A
false
25
8) Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus also causes mastitis in cows
false
26
9) Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus is transmitted by arthropods
false
27
10) Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus can cause fatal encephalitis in calves
true
28
11) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus frequently causes encephalitis in old cow and bulls
false
29
12) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus frequently causes encephalitis in old sow and bulls
false
30
13) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis can be endemic on cattle farms
true
31
14) Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus can cause skin lesions on the genitals
true
32
15) Bulls can shed the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis with semen
true
33
16) The infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) may spread via semen
true
34
17) Pregnant cows should be immunized with inactivated vaccines against IBRV
true
35
18) Pregnant cows should be immunized against IBRV only with inactivated vaccine
true
36
19) Attenuated vaccines are used in pregnant cows against Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus
false
37
20) Pregnant cows can be immunized against IBRV only with attenuated vaccines
false
38
21) Because Bovine herpesvirus l causes latent infections; it is not possible to eradicate it from a cattle population
false
39
22) Bovine herpesvirus l may cause encephalitis in calves
true
40
23) IBRV may cause encephalitis in calves
true
41
24) Only inactivated vaccines are available against Bovine herpesvirus l.
false
42
25) Bovine herpesvirus 1 may be transmitted through semen
true
43
26) Seropositive cattle cannot be carriers of the Infections Rhinotracheitis virus.
false
44
27) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) can be transmitted through vectors
false
45
28) The IBR virus causes nephritis in calves usually in the age between one and six months
false
46
29) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) cause serous nasal discharge.
false, should be true, starts off as serous and becomes mucopurulent
47
30) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis in 6-month-old calves usually causes pneumonia.
true
48
31) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis in cattle 6 months of age can cause encephalitis
false
49
32) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis often cause genital lesions with vesicles
true
50
33) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis may cause inflammation of conjunctiva.
true
51
34) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis cause purulent discharge
true
52
35) In Hungary the IgE-negative marker vaccine is to be used in the control of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis
true
53
36) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis is rapidly spread within the herd
false
54
37) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis is no longer present in Hungary
false
55
38) The respiratory form of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis is often followed by genital symptoms
false
56
39) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis spreads slowly within a herd
true
57
40) We can see characteristic clinical signs of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis in day-old calves
false
58
41) We are doing Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus eradication programs in Hungary
true
59
42) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus mainly cause encephalitis in cattle older than 6 months
false
60
43) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis mainly causes pneumonia in 1-6 months old calves
true
61
44) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis is rare, BHV-1 only affects cattle
false
62
45) In the transmission IBRV, the most important route is the germinative route
false
63
46) Genital form of IBR is often followed by abortion
false
64
47) IBR can occur in several clinical forms.
true
65
48) IBR is a frequent infection, cattle and its closest relatives are affected
true
66
1) Bovine Herpes virus 2 frequently causes abortion
false
67
2) Bovine herpes mamillitis virus can cause mastitis in cows
false, should be true, doesnt cause it per se but does predispose as milking is painful, so they avoid it
68
3) Bovine herpes mamillitis virus may cause lesions on the muzzle of suckling calves
true
69
4) The bovine herpes mamillitis virus causes lesions on the skin of the milkers, therefore it is a zoonotic agent
false
70
5) Bovine herpesvirus 2 may cause generalised skin lesions
true
71
6) Bovine herpesvirus 2 is the most frequent primary cause of mastitis in cattle
false
72
7) Bovine Herpes Mammillitis virus causes milkers' nodules in humans
false
73
8) Bovine Herpes Mammillitis virus may cause lesions on the lips of milking calves
true
74
9) Regarding Bovine Herpes Mammillitis, mainly heifers show clinical signs
true
75
1) Swine inclusion body rhinitis virus is causing mainly subclinical infection
true
76
2) Bloody nasal discharge can be a sign of swine inclusion body rhinitis
true
77
3) Clinical manifestation of swine inclusion body rhinitis is usually seen in piglets less than 3 weeks old
true
78
4) Inclusion body rhinitis is predisposing to fatal respiratory disease in pigs
false
79
5) Suid herpesvirus 2 may cause upper respiratory tract disease in piglets
true
80
6) Swine Inclusion Body Rhinitis is usually seen in piglets
true
81
7) The Swine Inclusion Body Rhinitis virus may cause reproductive problems in sows
true
82
1) Malignant catarrhal fever is mostly fatal in sheep
false
83
2) Malignant catarrhal fever is an alphaherpesvirus causing latent infection in ganglia
false
84
3) Malignant catarrhal fever develops only in suckling calves up to two weeks of age
false
85
4) Malignant catarrhal fever can be seen only in calves younger than one month
false
86
5) Malignant catarrhal fever causes only mild respiratory disease in sheep
false
87
6) Sheep should be immunised against malignant catarrhal fever virus
false
88
7) Malignant catarrhal fever may develop in swine too
true
89
8) Malignant catarrhal fever is frequently seen in cats
false
90
9) Cattle should be vaccinated against malignant catarrhal fever
false
91
10) Goats are the reservoir hosts of the malignant catarrhal fever virus
false
92
11) The incubation period of malignant catarrhal fever is less than one week
false
93
12) Malignant catarrhal fever is quickly spreading from cattle to cattle.
false
94
13) Cattle should be vaccinated against malignant catarrhal fever in every six months
false
95
14) The malignant catarrhal fever is caused by Bovine Herpes virus-2
false
96
15) Malignant Catarrhal Fever is usually lethal in cattle
true
97
16) Rodents are the reservoir hosts of the Malignant Catarrhal Fever virus
false
98
17) Swine are the reservoir host of the Malignant Catarrhal Fever virus
false
99
18) The Malignant Catarrhal Fever is caused by Bovine herpesvirus-2
false
100
19) We vaccinate calves 2 times against Malignant Catarrhal Fever
false
101
20) Swine are affected by Malignant Catarrhal Fever
true
102
21) Malignant Catarrhal Fever does not occur in Europe
false
103
22) Malignant Catarrhal Fever can cause diarrhoea
true
104
23) Malignant Catarrhal Fever spreads slowly within a cattle herd
false
105
24) Malignant Catarrhal Fever occurs if we keep cattle and sheep together
true
106
25) Malignant Catarrhal Fever does not occur in Hungary
false
107
1) The Aujeszy’s disease virus is stenoxen
false
108
2) Wild boars are not susceptible to Aujeszy’s disease virus.
false
109
3) Abortion of sows can be a sign of Aujeszys disease
true
110
4) Pregnant sows may abort in Aujeszky's disease
true
111
5) In swine the most serious CS of Aujeszys disease are usually seen in piglets
true
112
6) Dogs should be vaccinated against Aujeszys disease
false
113
7) Carnivores are the reservoir hosts of the Aujeszky’s disease virus
false
114
8) The Aujeszys disease in cats is usually a mild respiratory disease with quick recovery
false
115
9) The signs of Aujeszys disease in dogs are similar to rabies
true
116
10) The natural reservoir hosts of the Aujeszys disease virus are rodents
false
117
11) The Aujeszy disease causes fatal pneumonia in Ruminants and Carnivores
false
118
12) The Aujeszy disease is zoonosis
false
119
13) The symptoms of Aujeszys disease in ruminants is similar to rabies
true
120
14) The Aujeszy disease virus may infect several mammalian hosts
true
121
15) Aujeszys diseases can be latently carried by pigs in the nervous system
true
122
16) Central nervous signs of the Aujeszky’s disease are rarely seen in adult swine
true
123
17) Convalescent swine are life-long carriers and potential shedders of Aujeszky's disease virus
true
124
18) Swine are immunized against the Aujeszky's disease virus usually with gE negative marker vaccines
true
125
19) Rats are the reservoir hosts of the Aujeszky's disease
false
126
20) The Suid herpesvirus 1 frequently causes encephalitis in humans
false
127
21) Liquid manure may play a role in the transmission of Suid herpesvirus 1 from swine to cattle
true
128
22) Discriminative ELISA tests may differentiate between vaccinated swine wild type Suid- herpesvirus infected ones
true
129
23) In adult swine the most frequent manifestation of Aujeszky's disease is encephalitis
false
130
24) Aujeszky's disease virus infection in adult pigs is frequently subclinical
true
131
25) Pigs infected with wild type Aujeszky's disease virus can be differentiated from vaccinated ones by serological tests (i.e ELISA).
true
132
26) Cattle should be vaccinated against Malignant Catarrhal Fever
false
133
27) Aujeszky ́s disease can occur in pigs and cats
true
134
28) Aujeszky ́s disease in pigs causes viraemia
true
135
29) Aujeszky ́s disease in cats spreads along the nerves
true
136
30) Aujeszky ́s disease can cause respiratory signs in adult pigs
true
137
31) Aujeszky ́s disease causes fever in day old piglets
true
138
32) Aujeszky`s disease causes pneumonia in susceptible piglets
false
139
33) Aujeszky`s disease doesn’t cause clinical signs in susceptible piglets
false
140
34) Aujeszky`s disease causes pruritus in susceptible piglets.
false
141
35) Aujeszky`s disease causes 20-30% mortality in susceptible piglets.
false
142
36) Older pigs are more frequently affected by Aujeszky ́s
false
143
1) Equine rhinopneumonitis virus is transmitted by arthropods
false
144
2) For immunisation against equine rhinopneumonitis virus mostly marker vaccines are used
false
145
3) Equine rhinopneumonitis virus can cause abortion several weeks after acute infection.
true
146
4) Equine rhinopneumonitis virus causes cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the foetal hepatocytes
false
147
5) Equid herpesvirus 4 more frequently causes encephalitis than Equid herpesvirus 1
false
148
6) Horses should be vaccinated against equine rhinopneumonitis virus at least every 6 months
true, should be false
149
7) Equine rhinopneumonitis virus causes necrotic foci in the liver of the foetus
true
150
8) Fever and serous nasal discharge are early signs of acute equine rhinopneumonitis
true
151
9) Equine rhinopneumonitis virus can cause purulent metritis
false
152
10) Only equine herpesvirus 4 can cause abortion
false
153
11) Pregnant mares abort usually in the acute phase of equine rhinopneumonitis
false
154
12) After EHV1 infection pregnant mares abort in the acute febrile stage
false
155
13) Immunisation against equine rhinopneumonitis virus provides life long protection
false
156
14) Equine rhinopneumonitis virus is present only in North America
false
157
15) The equid herpesvirus 1 may cause abortion storms in studs
true
158
16) Pregnant mares abort usually several weeks after equid herpesvirus 1 infection
true
159
17) Vaccinated horses cannot get infected with Equid herpesvirus 1
false
160
18) Equid herpesvirus 1 associated abortions are always sporadic
false
161
19) Equid herpesvirus 1 may cause subclinical infection in horses
true
162
20) Only pregnant mares should be immunized against Equid herpesvirus-1 infection.
false
163
21) A single vaccination against Equid herpesvirus-1 provides life-long protection
false
164
22) Equine rhinopneumonitis virus can cause only respiratory problems
false
165
23) Both equid herpesvirus 1 and 4 can cause abortion
true, but ehv-4 abortions are rare
166
24) For immunisation against Equine rhinopneumonitis virus mostly marker vaccines are used
false
167
25) A single vaccination of a horse against EHV-1 induces protection for several years
false
168
26) Equine herpesvirus-4 primarily causes abortion in horses
false
169
27) Equine herpesvirus-4 causes mainly respiratory symptoms in horses.
true
170
28) Equine herpesvirus-1 contains cross-reactive proteins against disease caused by EHV-4.
true
171
29) Vaccination containing Equine herpesvirus-1 also provides protection against EHV-4.
false?
172
30) Equine herpesvirus-1 primarily causes respiratory symptoms in horses
false, should be true
173
31) Equine herpesvirus-1 primarily causes abortion
true, should be false, it mainly causes respiratory signs but also causes abortion
174
32) One vaccination is enough to prevent Equine herpesvirus-1
false
175
33) Mares infected with Equine herpesvirus-1 have a febrile state, then abort
true, should be false, they show no signs before abortion
176
34) Horses should be vaccinated against Equine herpesvirus-1 every six months
false
177
1) Equine herpesvirus 2 may cause keratoconjunctivitis
true
178
2) Equine herpesvirus 2 can cause respiratory disease only in young foals
true
179
3) Equid herpesvirus-2 may cause respiratory disease in foals
true
180
4) Equid herpesvirus 5 may play a role in the equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis.
true
181
5) Equid herpesvirus 2 may cause keratoconjunctivitis in foals
true
182
6) Equid herpesvirus 5 causes encephalitis in foals
false
183
7) Equine herpesvirus-2 and 5 causes pustular vulvovaginitis
false
184
8) Equid herpesvirus-2 may cause Coital Exanthemas in horse
false
185
9) Equid herpesvirus-2 and 5 cause diarrhoea and hepatitis in foals
false
186
10) In horses infected with Equine herpesvirus-2, the symptoms are often unnoticed
true
187
11) Equine herpesvirus-2 in horses does not cause symptoms in adult animals
true
188
12) It is enough to vaccinate mares 2 times against Equine herpesvirus-2.
false
189
1) Equid herpesvirus 3 can cause lesions on the genital mucosa without abortion
true
190
2) Equid herpesvirus 3 may cause coital exanthema in horses
true
191
3) Abortion is frequent complication of coital exanthema in mares
false
192
4) Herpesvirus 3 can be transmitted through mating
true
193
5) Coital exanthema virus frequently causes abortion
false
194
6) Coital Exanthema virus does not cause abortion
true
195
7) Equine Coital Exanthema can cause abortion storms in studs
false
196
8) Equine herpesvirus-3 cause abortion storms
false
197
1) Canine herpesvirus infection can cause abortion
true
198
2) Herpesvirus infection of adult dogs may result in reproductive disorders
true
199
3) Canine herpesvirus infection frequently appears with flu like symptoms
true
200
4) Feline herpesvirus infects dogs as well
false
201
5) Liver lesions are frequently seen in puppies with Canid herpesvirus 1 infection
true
202
6) Canine herpesvirus infection can cause blue eye disease
false
203
7) Herpesvirus is frequently causing kennel cough
true
204
8) Hypothermia and weak immune response facilitate the severity of canid herpes virus infection of dogs
true
205
9) Latent canine herpesvirus infection can be activated in pregnant bitches
true
206
10) Canine herpesvirus can cause transplacental infection
true
207
11) Pregnant bitches can be immunised against canine herpesvirus with inactivated vaccine
true
208
12) Herpes infection of pups 2-3 weeks old is fatal
true
209
13) Canine Herpes virus may remain in latency for years in infected animals
true
210
14) Canine herpesvirus 1 may contribute to the kennel cough syndrome
true
211
15) Canid herpesvirus-1 may cause generalized infection and severe disease in young puppies
true
212
16) Inactivated vaccines are available for immunization against Canid herpesvirus-1.
true
213
17) Upper respiratory infection of Canid herpesvirus-1 may contribute to the kennel cough syndrome
true
214
18) In utero infections with Canid herpesvirus may result in abortion
true
215
19) Decreased body temperature has a negative effect on Canine herpesvirus infected animals
true
216
20) Herpesvirus infection of dogs is most severe in 3-6 months old puppies
false
217
21) Large dog kennels are usually seropositive for canine herpesvirus
true
218
22) Canine herpesvirus infection can be deadly below 2-3 weeks of age
true
219
1) Feline rhinotracheitis predisposes to pneumonia caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica
true
220
2) Feline rhinotracheitis can cause foetal developmental anomalies in pregnant cats.
true
221
3) Felid herpesvirus does not cause viraemia and abortion.
false
222
4) Abortion is uncommon in feline rhinotracheitis of pregnant animals
false
223
5) Abortion is rare in rhinotracheitis infected pregnant cats
false
224
6) Sneezing is a typical sign of feline infectious rhinotracheitis
true
225
7) Feline herpesvirus does not cause respiratory signs, only viraemia and abortion
false
226
8) Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of feline rhinotracheitis
true
227
9) Conjunctivitis and muco-purulent nasal discharge are frequent signs of feline rhinotracheitis
true
228
10) Clinical signs of feline infectious rhinotracheitis are similar to those of calicivirus
true
229
11) Feline infectious rhinotracheitis often results high mortality in susceptible young kittens.
true
230
12) Feline infectious rhinotracheitis often results in abortion of pregnant queens
true
231
13) Felid herpesvirus 1 spreads slowly in cat populations
false
232
14) Feline infectious rhinotracheitis is characterized by inflammation of the upper respiratory tract
true
233
15) Crowded area, poor general condition and stress contribute significantly to the development of feline infectious rhinotracheitis
true
234
16) Prolonged contact is usually needed for successful transmission of feline infectious rhinotracheitis
true
235
17) Feline infectious rhinotracheitis can be treated with specific hyperimmune sera
true
236
18) Ulcerations of the oral mucosa are frequent signs of Feline Rhinotracheitis
false
237
19) Feline Infectious Rhinotracheitis occurs in summer because Felid herpesvirus-1 is transmitted by mosquitoes
false
238
20) Feline herpesvirus-1 is mainly transmitted by mosquitoes.
false
239
21) Felid herpesvirus-1 is moderately contagious: spreads slowly in cat populations
false
240
22) Feline Infectious Rhinotracheitis virus is transmitted mainly through the air
false
241
23) The Feline Infectious Rhinotracheitis virus is very contagious to cats
true
242
24) Mucous is a frequent sign of Feline Infectious Rhinotracheitis
true
243
1) The infectious laryngotracheitis is seen only in young chickens
false
244
2) Diarrhoea is frequent in infectious laryngotracheitis of chickens
false
245
3) Infectious laryngotracheitis virus strains may differ in virulence
true
246
4) Encephalitis is a frequent complication in Infectious Laryngotracheitis of chickens
false
247
5) Ducks are the most susceptible to infectious laryngotracheitis virus
false
248
6) The infectious laryngotracheitis causes pseudomembrane formation in the oesophagus
true, should be false, produces pseudomembrane in trachea
249
7) Chickens above 6 weeks of age are not susceptible to infectious laryngotracheitis
false
250
8) The infectious laryngotracheitis can cause viraemia and pneumonia in young
false
251
9) Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of infectious laryngotracheitis
true
252
10) Infectious laryngotracheitis virus is typically transmitted by the germinative route
false
253
11) Infectious laryngotracheitis can be deadly in chickens
true
254
12) Infectious laryngotracheitis is most frequently seen in day-old chickens
false
255
13) Infectious laryngotracheitis virus is shed mainly with faeces
false
256
14) Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus replicates in the liver of cats
false
257
15) Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus replicates in the upper respiratory tract
true
258
16) Germinative route is the most important factor in the transmission of the Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus
false
259
17) Tracheal lesions of Infectious Laryngotracheitis may be similar to those of fowl pox.
true
260
18) The Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus does not cause viraemia
true
261
19) Infectious Laryngotracheitis is most frequently seen in day-old turkey.
false
262
20) Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus is present worldwide
true
263
21) Infectious Laryngotracheitis usually occurs clinically under 6 weeks of age
false
264
22) Infectious Laryngotracheitis causes changes in the larynx and upper airways
true
265
23) Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus invades the kidneys after viraemia
false
266
24) Infectious Laryngotracheitis of poultry spreads germinatively
false
267
25) Infectious Laryngotracheitis also occur in Hungary.
true
268
26) Infectious Laryngotracheitis causes eggshell deformation
false
269
27) Infectious Laryngotracheitis frequently damages the oviduct of hen.
false
270
28) Infectious Laryngotracheitis can be deadly in chickens
true
271
29) Mortality of infectious laryngotracheitis can go up to 50%.
true
272
1) In case of viraemia the GaHV2 spreads to fowl’s organs in macrophages
true
273
2) Transient paralysis form of Marek’s disease can be present in 6-week-old chicken
true
274
3) Infection of Marek’s disease can occur in hatchery
true
275
4) The vaccines of Marek’s disease are not efficient
false
276
5) The turkey herpesvirus causes cross immunity against Marek’s disease.
true
277
6) Turkey Herpes virus can be used for vaccination against Marek Disease
true
278
7) Lymphoproliferative form of Marek’s disease can be present in 6-week-old chicken.
true
279
8) Lymphoproliferative form of Marek’s disease can be present in hens (older age)
false
280
9) Clinical signs of Marek’s disease present rare, because of vaccination
true
281
10) Lymphoproliferative form of Mareks disease is a chronic disease
false
282
11) The duck herpesvirus causes cross immunity against Marek disease
false
283
12) The free virions spread to organs independent of cells in the case of Marek disease
false
284
13) Transient paralysis form of Mareks disease can be present in hens
false
285
14) Lymphoproliferative form of Mareks disease is an acute disease
true
286
15) Neurological form of Mareks disease can be present in 4 week old chicken
false
287
16) There is in ovo vaccine against Mareks disease
true
288
17) Intake of GaHV2 happens most frequently per os
false
289
18) Germinative infection does not occur in Mareks disease
true
290
19) Germinative infection does occur in Mareks disease
false
291
20) In case of viraemia the GaHV2 spreads to fowl’s organs in red blood cells
false
292
21) The acute form of Mareks is primarily a tumour formation
true
293
22) Marek disease is usually seen in chickens below 2 weeks of age
false
294
23) Marek disease virus is shed with faeces in high titres
false
295
24) Signs of Marek disease may be very similar to reticuloendotheliosis signs
true
296
25) The Marek disease virus survives for long in the environment
true
297
26) Marek disease is caused by turkey herpesvirus
false
298
27) Transient Marek paralysis may lead to visceral form
true
299
28) Transient paralysis by Marek’s disease usually ends in full recovery
false
300
29) The chronic form of Marek disease is characterized by neurological disorders
true
301
30) The chronic form of Marek disease is due to circuses of higher virulence
false
302
31) Marek disease is the result of air born infection
true
303
32) Marek disease usually starts as an airborne infection
true
304
33) Free Marek virus particles are shed from the feather follicles
true
305
34) The Marek's disease virus may survive in the environment for several months
true
306
35) Marek's disease is most frequently seen in geese and ducks
false
307
36) Free virions of the Marek's disease virus are formed in the feather follicle epithelial cells.
true
308
37) Humoral immunity plays the central role in the host's defence against the Marek's disease virus
false
309
38) The neurological form of the Marek's disease is seen only in day-old chicks.
false
310
39) Chicken shed the Marek's disease virus via feather follicular epithelial cells
true
311
40) The pathological lesions of acute Marek's disease and reticuloendotheliosis can be similar.
true
312
41) Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of acute Marek's disease
false
313
42) The Marek ́s disease virus is transmitted by inhalation.
true
314
43) Marek ́s disease virus can ́t be prevented by vaccination, because it ́s immunosuppressive
false
315
44) The pathology lesions of acute Marek ́s disease and avian leucosis can be similar
true
316
45) The Marek ́s disease virus causes immunosuppression
true
317
46) The acute form of Marek ́s disease is characterized by lymphoid cell proliferation
true
318
47) The neurological form of Marek ́s disease has a mass appearance
false
319
48) The highly virulent strains of Marek ́s disease may cause tumours in turkey
true
320
49) The incubation time of acute Marek ́s disease is 1-2 days
false
321
50) The neurological form of Marek ́s disease leads to significant liver degeneration
false
322
51) Both serotypes of the Marek ́s virus cause disease in geese
false
323
52) North America is free of Marek ́s disease
false
324
53) Marek’s disease only occurs in domestic fowl
true
325
54) Marek’s disease spreads primarily via the aerogenous route
true
326
55) Marek’s disease virus is shed mainly via the faeces
false
327
56) Marek ́s disease in the blood multiplies in the endothelial cells
false
328
57) Marek ́s disease is a beta herpes virus
false
329
58) Marek’s disease primarily targets day old chickens
false
330
59) The neoplastic form of Marek disease is caused by high virulence strains.
true
331
60) Vaccination is used for the prevention of Marek ́s disease
true
332
61) The neoplastic form of Marek’s is caused by low virulence strains
false
333
62) We can differentiate Marek’s disease from reticuloendotheliosis only by lab diagnostics methods
true
334
63) Prevention against Marek ́s: no measures needed as the disease remains mostly symptomless
false
335
64) General preventative measures and vaccination of day-old chickens must be used for the prevention of Marek’s disease
true
336
live attenuated strains are used for vaccination against Marek ́s disease
true
337
66) No vaccination is needed against Marek’s disease.
false
338
67) The highly virulent strains of Marek’s disease may cause tumors in turkeys.
true
339
68) Marek’s disease viruses are uniform in their virulence
false
340
69) Highly virulent Marek’s disease viruses may break through vaccine induced protection
true
341
1) Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of duck viral enteritis
true
342
2) Only sporadic clinical cases of duck viral enteritis are seen in an affected flock
false
343
3) Mallards may transmit the duck enteritis virus to domestic ducks kept on lakes
true
344
4) Liver dystrophy is a frequent lesion of duck viral enteritis (duck plague)
true
345
5) Wild ducks may be persistently infected with duck plague (duck enteritis) virus
true
346
6) Duck plague virus may be shed life long by animals recovered from the disease
true
347
7) Duck plague (viral enteritis) can’t cause high mortality without secondary bacterial infection
false
348
8) Duck plaque and duck viral enteritis are two names of the same disease
true
349
9) Duck viral enteritis is seldom fatal
false
350
10) Treatment is the most effective control method for duck viral enteritis
false
351
11) Duck plague is more severe in wild birds than in domestic ducks
false
352
12) Duck plague virus damages blood vessel endothelium
true
353
13) Duck plague only affects young ducklings
false
354
14) Duck plague is only seen in day old ducklings
false
355
15) Duck viral enteritis is usually mild, osmotic diarrhoea
false
356
16) Duck plague infects exclusively domestic and wild ducks
false
357
17) Antibiotic treatment is the most effective control method for Duck Viral Enteritis
false
358
18) Beak deformity is a typical sign of Duck Plague.
false
359
19) Muscovy duck are resistant to the Duck Viral Enteritis
false
360
20) Duck Plague/Duck viral Enteritis cause high mortality in all ages.
false
361
21) Duck Plague/Duck viral Enteritis clinical signs in young ducks are only seen in birds up to 4 weeks of age
false
362
22) Vaccines containing a live attenuated strain can be used for prevention against Duck Plague
true
363
23) Duck Plague/Duck viral Enteritis vaccination is not needed as clinical signs are mild
false
364
24) Duck Plague virus can “settle” in wild ducks
true
365
25) Duck Plague is an outbreak of Avian influenza in ducks, with a host-adapted version of the virus
false
366
26) Duck Plague only causes hepatitis in young ducks
false
367
27) Duck Plague only causes disease in ducks and geese
false
368
28) Duck Plague virus causes high mortality in both old and young birds
false
369
29) Duck Plague also affects geese
true
370
30) Duck Plague is a disease of young ducks only
false
371
31) Duck Viral Enteritis can affect all age groups
true
372
32) Depression, respiratory signs and bloody diarrhoea are main signs of Duck Plague.
true
373
33) In most cases the Duck Plague disease remain symptomless
false
374
34) Duck Plague is more severe in wild birds than domestic ducks
false
375
1) Pigeon herpesvirus mainly causes encephalitis in adult pigeons.
false
376
2) Pigeon herpesvirus infections usually result a haemorrhagic deadly disease
false
377
3) Pigeon herpesvirus is characterised by focal necrosis in the liver in pigeons
true
378
4) Pigeon herpesvirus kills mostly day old pigeons
false
379
5) Pigeon herpesvirus infection causes feather development problems
false
380
6) Pigeon herpesvirus infections mainly affect young pigeons.
true
381
7) Pigeon herpesvirus mainly causes encephalitis in adult pigeons
false
382
8) Pigeon herpesvirus infection is frequently combined with adenovirus and circovirus infection
true
383
9) Pigeon herpesvirus may cause respiratory disease in young pigeons
true
384
10) Pigeon herpesvirus causes conjunctivitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis and diarrhoea in the acute stage.
true
385
11) Pigeon herpesvirus infection is related to Marek’s disease
true
386
12) Pigeon herpesvirus has the highest mortality in day-old pigeons.
false
387
13) Diarrhoea and nasal discharge are common in Pigeon herpesvirus infections
true
