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Epi > Picornaviruses > Flashcards

Picornaviruses Flashcards

1
Q

1) Picornaviridae are enveloped viruses

A

false

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2
Q

2) The resistance of Picornaviridae is low, they cannot survive in the environment

A

false

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3
Q

3) Vaccinations are used in Europe for prevention of picornaviruses.

A

true

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4
Q

4) Just State Vet medical steps and general preventative measures are used for prevention for Picornavirus

A

false

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5
Q

5) Cardioviruses have a narrow host range

A

false

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6
Q

6) Picornavirus is characterized by encephalitis and severe diarrhoea

A

false

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7
Q

1) Asymptomatic animals can carry Teschovirus

A

true

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8
Q

2) Teschovirus is resistant, it remains infective in the faeces for a few weeks

A

true

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9
Q

3) Teschen and Talfan disease are caused by different virulence variants of the same virus

A

true

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10
Q

4) Only pigs are susceptible to teschovirus encephalomyelitis

A

true

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11
Q

5) Teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faeces

A

true

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12
Q

6) There is widespread vaccination to control teschovirus encephalomyelitis

A

false

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13
Q

7) Teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is transmitted by arthropods

A

false

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14
Q

8) There is widespread vaccination using inactivated vaccines to prevent teschovirus encephalomyelitis

A

false

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15
Q

9) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faces.

A

true

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16
Q

10) Asymptomatic pigs can shed the porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus

A

true

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17
Q

11) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus replicates in the gut.

A

true

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18
Q

12) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis is mainly caused by serotype 1 strains.

A

true

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19
Q

13) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is maintained by rodents

A

false

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20
Q

14) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus can infect pigs and cattle

A

false

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21
Q

15) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus cannot survive in the environment

A

false

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22
Q

16) A sporadic disease with weakness of hind legs or encephalomyelitis in piglets

A

true

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23
Q

1) Dogs and cats can be infected with Teschen disease virus

A

false

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24
Q

2) Teschen disease virus can be present in pork meat

A

true

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25
Q

3) The virus of Teschen disease is shed in the faeces for several weeks after infection

A

true

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26
Q

4) The main clinical sign of Teschen disease in sheep is pneumonia

A

false

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27
Q

5) Lameness is a typical clinical sign of Teschen disease

A

true

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28
Q

6) Teschen disease occurs in cattle, sheep and pigs

A

false

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29
Q

7) Enteritis and pneumonia are frequent postmortem lesions of Teschen disease

A

false

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30
Q

8) Enlargement of the spleen and haemorrhages are typical postmortem lesions of Teschen disease

A

false

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31
Q

9) Haemorrhages are typical postmortem lesions of Teschen disease

A

false

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32
Q

10) Teschen disease is frequent all over the world

A

false

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33
Q

11) The Teschen disease virus infects the animals per os

A

true

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34
Q

12) Paralysis is a clinical sign of Teschen disease

A

true

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35
Q

13) Diarrhoea is a typical clinical sign of Teschen disease

A

false

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36
Q

14) Dogs and cats can be infected with Teschen disease virus

A

false

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37
Q

15) Teschen disease can affect older pigs

A

true

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38
Q

16) Teschen disease is endemic in Brazil

A

false

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39
Q

17) Both young and adult pigs can be affected by Teschen disease.

A

true

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40
Q

18) Teschen is caused by Picornavirus

A

true

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41
Q

19) Teschen is caused by Enterovirus

A

false

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42
Q

20) Teschen disease is present worldwide

A

false

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43
Q

21) Teschen disease causes diarrhoea in piglets

A

false

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44
Q

22) Teschen disease can affect older piglets.

A

true

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45
Q

1) Inactivated vaccines are widely used in Europe to prevent Talfan disease

A

false

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46
Q

2) There is widespread vaccination in Europe for prevention of Talfan disease

A

false

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47
Q

3) Talfan disease can be seen in animals below 4 months of age

A

true

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48
Q

4) Talfan disease is a disease of pigs

A

true

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49
Q

5) The clinical signs of Talfan disease are more severe than that of Teschen disease

A

false

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50
Q

6) Talfan disease occurs in any age groups

A

false

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51
Q

7) Haemorrhages are typical postmortem lesions of Talfan disease

A

false

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52
Q

8) Flaccid paralysis is a typical clinical sign of Talfan disease

A

true

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53
Q

9) Paralysis is a clinical sign of Talfan disease

A

true

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54
Q

10) Talfan disease is caused by viruses of decreased virulence

A

true

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55
Q

11) Talfan disease occurs in Europe, America and Australia

A

true

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56
Q

12) Pigs and ruminants are susceptible to the agent of Talfan disease

A

false

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57
Q

13) The agent of Talfan disease replicates in the gut

A

true

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58
Q

14) The agent of Talfan disease is shed lifelong after the infections

A

false

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59
Q

15) Talfan infects piglets older than 4 months

A

false

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60
Q

1) Vesicles can be seen in the liver in the case of swine vesicular disease

A

false

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61
Q

2) Swine vesicular disease virus cannot cause viraemia

A

false

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62
Q

3) Swine vesicular disease virus can cause viraemia

A

true

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63
Q

4) Swine vesicular disease is a zoonosis

A

false

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64
Q

5) Swine vesicular disease virus can cause vesicles on the snout of pigs

A

true

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65
Q

6) The resistance of swine vesicular disease virus is very low; it cannot survive in the environment

A

false

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66
Q

7) Haemorrhages in the serous membranes can be frequently seen postmotem in the case of swine vesicular disease

A

false

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67
Q

8) Haemorrhages can be seen post mortem in the case of swine vesicular disease

A

false

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68
Q

9) The mortality of swine vesicular disease is 40-50%

A

false

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69
Q

10) The mortality of swine vesicular disease is very high, it can be 50-60%

A

false

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70
Q

11) Swine vesicular disease is frequently seen in Europe

A

false

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71
Q

12) Swine vesicular disease virus replicates in the epithelium of the throat and tonsils

A

true

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72
Q

13) Only pigs are susceptible to swine vesicular disease virus

A

true

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73
Q

14) Pigs are infected with swine vesicular disease virus per os

A

true

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74
Q

15) Swine vesicular disease is present worldwide

A

true

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75
Q

16) Swine vesicular disease is frequent among pigs

A

false

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76
Q

17) Swine vesicular disease occurs only in Africa, it never occurred in Europe

A

false

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77
Q

18) Swine vesicular disease virus can be shed by asymptomatic carriers

A

true

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78
Q

19) Swine vesicular disease virus can infect only pigs

A

true

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79
Q

20) Swine Vesicular Disease virus can infect swine and ruminants.

A

false

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80
Q

21) Swine Vesicular Disease virus can cause infection per os

A

true

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81
Q

22) Swine Vesicular Disease virus does not cause viraemia, only local lesions can be seen

A

false

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82
Q

23) Swine Vesicular Disease virus can infect humans

A

false

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83
Q

24) Swine vesicular disease virus cannot survive in the environment

A

false

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84
Q

25) Swine Vesicular Disease cause skin lesions in bovids

A

false

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85
Q

26) Swine Vesicular Disease is derived from Coxsacki-B5

A

true

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86
Q

27) Swine Vesicular Disease virus can replicate in CNS

A

true

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87
Q

28) Swine Vesicular Disease is present only in Italy

A

false

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88
Q

29) Swine Vesicular Disease is present only in Hong Kong

A

false

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89
Q

30) Swine Vesicular Disease was present in both Italy and Hong Kong

A

true

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90
Q

31) Swine Vesicular Disease has been present in all European countries, but now only present in South-East Asia

A

false

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91
Q

wine Vesicular Disease is similar in appearance to Foot and Mouth Disease

A

true

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92
Q

33) Swine Vesicular Disease causes skin lesions in cattle

A

false

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93
Q

judging from the clinical signs, Swine Vesicular Disease cannot be differentiated from FMD

A

true

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94
Q

35) Swine Vesicular Disease is frequent among pigs

A

false

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95
Q

36) Lameness can be a sign of Swine Vesicular Disease

A

true

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96
Q

1) Haemorrhages in the parenchymal organs are frequent postmortem lesions of avian encephalomyelitis

A

false

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97
Q

2) Haemorrhages are frequent postmortem lesions of avian encephalomyelitis

A

false

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98
Q

3) There is germinative spread in the case of avian encephalomyelitis

A

true

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99
Q

4) There is no germinative infection in the case of avian encephalomyelitis

A

false

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100
Q

5) Avian encephalomyelitis is not transmitted germinatively

A

false

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101
Q

6) Tremor is a typical clinical sign of avian encephalomyelitis

A

true

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102
Q

7) Avian Encephalomyelitis is not transmitted through the egg

A

false

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103
Q

8) Avian encephalomyelitis virus can infect chicken

A

true

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104
Q

9) Clinical signs of avian encephalomyelitis can be seen in animals up to 5 weeks of age

A

true

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105
Q

10) Avian encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faeces

A

true

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106
Q

11) Avian encephalomyelitis is caused by a double stranded DNA virus

A

false

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107
Q

12) Chickens are susceptible to avian encephalomyelitis virus

A

true

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108
Q

13) Germinative infection is a way of spreading of avian encephalomyelitis virus

A

true

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109
Q

14) Avian encephalomyelitis is caused by enterovirus

A

true, should be false, caused by tremovirus

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110
Q

15) Incubation time of Avian encephalomyelitis virus is 11 (9-10) days following PO infection.

A

true

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111
Q

16) Incubation time of Avian encephalomyelitis virus depends on the mode of infection

A

true

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112
Q

17) Avian encephalomyelitis is caused by a hepatovirus

A

false

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113
Q

18) Avian encephalomyelitis is not transmitted germinatively

A

false

114
Q

19) Avian encephalomyelitis virus kills the embryo

A

false

115
Q

20) Avian encephalomyelitis is present only in chickens

A

false

116
Q

21) Avian encephalomyelitis virus is killed at hatching temperature

A

false

117
Q

22) Avian encephalomyelitis spreads both horizontally and via eggs

A

true

118
Q

23) Infection via eggs does not occur in Avian encephalomyelitis.

A

false

119
Q

24) Avian encephalomyelitis is not transmitted through the egg

A

false

120
Q

1) Germinative infection can happen in the case of duck hepatitis

A

false

121
Q

2) Spasmodical paddling is a frequent clinical sign of duck hepatitis

A

true

122
Q

3) The resistance of duck hepatitis A virus is high

A

true

123
Q

4) Ducks are infected with the duck hepatitis A virus generally per os

A

true

124
Q

5) Duck hepatitis cannot be prevented with vaccination

A

false

125
Q

6) Duck hepatitis A virus is shed in the faeces

A

true

126
Q

7) Duck hepatitis A virus does not cause viraemia

A

false

127
Q

8) Duck hepatitis A virus can cause germinative infection

A

false

128
Q

9) Clinical signs of duck hepatitis can be seen mainly in laying ducks

A

false

129
Q

10) Duck hepatitis A virus can be detected with PCR

A

true

130
Q

11) Germinative infection is the primary way of infection with Duck hepatitis A Virus

A

false

131
Q

12) Clinical signs of Duck hepatitis are seen in 1-4 week old ducklings

A

true

132
Q

13) Per os infection is a common way of infection with duck hepatitis A virus

A

true

133
Q

14) Clinical signs of duck hepatitis can be seen in all age groups

A

false

134
Q

15) Duck Viral Hepatitis is present in Hungary on a large scale

A

false

135
Q

16) Duck Viral Hepatitis can be caused by multiple virus spp./serotypes.

A

true

136
Q

17) Duck Viral Hepatitis is primarily a disease of younger ducklings

A

true

137
Q

18) The primary replication site is the GI tract in Duck Viral Hepatitis

A

true

138
Q

19) Type 4 Duck Viral Hepatitis can infect older animals

A

true

139
Q

20) Duck Viral Hepatitis is caused by type 1 and 2 coronavirus

A

false

140
Q

21) Duck Viral Hepatitis causes haemorrhagic enteritis in older ducks

A

false

141
Q

22) Pathogens of Duck Viral Hepatitis can infect older animals

A

true

142
Q

1) Encephalomyocarditis virus is shed in the faeces by infected animals

A

true

143
Q

2) Encephalomyocarditis virus infects animals mainly per os

A

true

144
Q

3) Encephalomyocarditis infections are rare

A

false

145
Q

4) Encephalomyocarditis virus can infect only pigs

A

false

146
Q

5) Encephalomyocarditis virus remains infective in the environment

A

true

147
Q

6) Encephalomyocarditis virus can cause per os infection

A

true

148
Q

7) Encephalomyocarditis virus can infect humans

A

true

149
Q

8) Encephalomyocarditis virus has a narrow host range

A

false

150
Q

9) Rodents can maintain encephalomyocarditis infection

A

true

151
Q

10) Encephalomyocarditis virus can cause necrosis of the heart muscle

A

true

152
Q

11) Encephalomyocarditis is a zoonosis

A

true

153
Q

12) Encephalomyocarditis may be deadly for elephants

A

true

154
Q

1) FMD is a chronic disease

A

false

155
Q

2) FMD spreads slowly within the herd

A

false

156
Q

3) FMD virus is shed by semen

A

true

157
Q

4) Dogs are susceptible to FMD

A

true

158
Q

5) Foot and mouth disease is serologically uniform

A

false

159
Q

6) Foot and mouth disease virus is uniform, there are no serotype or subtypes of it

A

false

160
Q

7) Because of the high variability of FMD virus cross protection cannot be observed even within the serotype

A

true

161
Q

8) Within the FMD serotypes, subtypes can be differentiated

A

true

162
Q

9) The sample from the FMD suspected animal should be submitted to lab cooled but not frozen

A

true

163
Q

10) FMD ulcers are usually sharp edged and regular round shaped

A

false

164
Q

11) The foot and mouth disease is classified into 7 serotypes

A

true

165
Q

12) The primary replication site for FMD is the tongue mucosa

A

false

166
Q

13) FMD can be transmitted by frozen meat

A

true

167
Q

14) The peracut form of FMD causes severe haemorrhages and death by shock

A

false

168
Q

15) The chronic form of FMD means arthritis

A

false

169
Q

16) FMD is transmitted by insect vectors

A

false

170
Q

17) Vesicles of FMD can fully recover after immune response

A

true

171
Q

18) FMD causes the loss of hoof in swine

A

true

172
Q

19) Foot and mouth disease can be carried for long time in the hoof tissue

A

true

173
Q

20) The SAT-1,2 and 3 serotypes of FMD virus are present in Africa and Arabia

A

true

174
Q

21) In humid cold environment, the FMD virus can retain its infectivity for weeks

A

true

175
Q

22) Even the vaccinated animals can carry and shed the FMD virus

A

true

176
Q

23) The main host (reservoir) of foot and mouth disease virus is swine

A

false

177
Q

24) FMD induces lameness in sheep and oral vesicles in goats

A

true

178
Q

25) FMD virus is shed in milk

A

true

179
Q

26) The FMD virus can retain its infectivity in dried milk for months

A

true

180
Q

27) The FMD virus can retain its infectivity in frozen milk for months

A

true

181
Q

28) There are no neutralizing antibodies produced against foot and mouth disease virus

A

false

182
Q

29) For laboratory tests foot and mouth disease samples should be submitted in buffered transport medium

A

true

183
Q

30) For laboratory tests FMD samples should be submitted frozen

A

false

184
Q

31) The resistance of foot and mouth disease virus is low

A

false

185
Q

32) The foot and mouth disease virus can retain its infectivity for 40 days in manure

A

true

186
Q

33) In Europe supportive therapy is applied in the treatment of FMD

A

false

187
Q

34) Frothy and sticky nasal discharge is the characteristic sign of FMD

A

false

188
Q

35) The hedgehog is susceptible to FMD

A

true

189
Q

36) All serotypes of foot and mouth disease can be detected worldwide

A

false

190
Q

37) Foot and mouth disease can cause myocarditis in young animals

A

true

191
Q

38) Ruminants can carry foot and mouth disease virus for up to 3 years

A

true

192
Q

39) The Asia serotype of FMD virus is present in Turkey and in the Middle East

A

true

193
Q

40) The FMD virus is enveloped

A

true, should be false

194
Q

41) FMD virus cannot be propagated in cell culture

A

false

195
Q

42) FMD virus cannot be isolated in cell culture

A

false

196
Q

43) 24 hours after the inoculation of FMD virus into guinea pig paw pad vesicle formation can be observed

A

true

197
Q

44) The FMD mortality is nearly 100%

A

false

198
Q

45) The mortality of foot and mouth disease is very high in all age groups

A

false

199
Q

46) The FMD suspected sample should be sent to lab by post (in mail)

A

false

200
Q

47) FMD virus can be transmitted by feed

A

true

201
Q

48) Animals with foot and mouth disease shed the virus in the saliva

A

true

202
Q

49) Animals can be infected with foot and mouth disease by inhalation

A

true

203
Q

50) The primary replication sites of foot and mouth disease are the lymph nodes

A

false

204
Q

51) The primary replication sites of foot and mouth disease is the bone marrow

A

false

205
Q

52) Horses are susceptible to foot and mouth disease

A

false

206
Q

53) Cattle shed foot and mouth disease virus for a shorter time comparing to swine

A

false

207
Q

54) The foot and mouth disease virus is very sensitive to the environmental conditions

A

false

208
Q

55) We can observe the most severe foot and mouth disease signs on sheep

A

false

209
Q

56) In the control of foot and mouth disease vaccines are used in Europe

A

false

210
Q

57) Vaccination using attenuated vaccines is the main way of control of foot and mouth in Europe

A

false

211
Q

58) 9 hours after infection foot and mouth disease virus can be shed by the infected animals

A

true

212
Q

59) Swine shed foot and mouth disease virus for a shorter time than cattle

A

true

213
Q

60) Pigs shed more foot and mouth disease virus than cattle

A

true

214
Q

61) The foot and mouth disease virus is very sensitive to acidic pH

A

true

215
Q

62) Foot and mouth disease virus can infect ruminants and pigs

A

true

216
Q

63) Foot and mouth disease virus can only infect animals

A

false

217
Q

64) FMD is sporadic in Europe

A

true

218
Q

65) Resistance of FMD virus is high, in the environment it remains infectious for weeks

A

true

219
Q

66) FMD virus frequently causes carditis is young animals

A

true

220
Q

67) Water buffalos are not susceptible for FMD

A

false

221
Q

68) The main signs of FMD are: fever, salivation, formation of vesicles and lameness

A

true

222
Q

69) Serological examinations are important in diagnosis of FMD

A

false

223
Q

70) In Europe vaccines must not be used for prevention of FMD.

A

true

224
Q

71) In sheep clinical signs of FMD are very mild, it is not easy to recognize

A

true

225
Q

72) For Europe Middle-East, Africa and Asia are the main danger to introduce FMD.

A

true

226
Q

73) In young animal FMD virus frequently causes myocarditis

A

true

227
Q

74) FMD virus is highly contagious, spreads rapidly

A

true

228
Q

75) In endemically infected countries vaccines are also used in prevention of FMD

A

true

229
Q

76) O and A serotypes of FMD are mostly widespread in the world

A

true

230
Q

77) In sheep clinical signs of FMD are very mild

A

true

231
Q

78) The resistance of FMD virus is rather low, in the environment it is inactivated within days

A

false

232
Q

79) About half of the countries of the world are presently infected with FMD

A

true

233
Q

80) FMD virus can get into Europe most easily from Turkey, Middle East and North- Africa

A

true

234
Q

81) FMD virus can cause severe myocarditis in young calves and piglets

A

true

235
Q

82) In infected countries inactivated vaccine are also used for prevention of FMD

A

true

236
Q

83) Pigs shed large amount of FMD virus with their saliva during the acute phase of the disease

A

true

237
Q

84) FMD virus is genetically and serologically uniform

A

false

238
Q

85) The main reservoirs of FMD virus are cattle and buffalo

A

true

239
Q

86) FMD virus is carried in the tonsils, lymphatic tissues and hoof of the infected animal.

A

true

240
Q

87) FMD erosions are characteristic with tattered edge and red base

A

true

241
Q

88) Vaccination against FMD can prevent the infection

A

false

242
Q

89) FMD virus retains its infectivity for more than a month in manure

A

true

243
Q

90) Genotype C of FMD virus is the most frequently detected worldwide

A

false

244
Q

91) Swine shed about 1000-3000% higher FMD virus concentration comparing to ruminants

A

true

245
Q

92) Shedding of FMD virus starts 3 days after the infection.

A

false

246
Q

93) FMD virus is shed by semen too

A

true

247
Q

94) Vaccinated animals can carry FMD virus

A

true

248
Q

95) Comparing to cattle swine show milder vesicular symptoms

A

true

249
Q

96) Myocarditis can be a result of Foot and Mouth disease cases

A

true

250
Q

97) Vesicles are often seen on the tongue of Foot and Mouth disease infected cattle

A

true

251
Q

98) Europe is endemically infected with Foot and Mouth disease.

A

false

252
Q

99) Vaccination against Foot and Mouth disease results in type specific immunity

A

true

253
Q

100) Pigs are not susceptible to Foot and Mouth disease

A

false

254
Q

101) Foot and Mouth disease virus can be shed from infected animals during the incubation time

A

true

255
Q

102) Vaccination is currently used against Foot and Mouth disease in Europe

A

false

256
Q

103) Foot and Mouth disease virus can only infect ruminants

A

false

257
Q

104) Foot and Mouth disease is caused by enteroviruses

A

false

258
Q

105) Foot and Mouth disease is not present in South America

A

false

259
Q

106) Foot and mouth disease virus may cause severe heart muscle damage in young calves

A

true

260
Q

107) Foot and mouth disease are endemic in Europe

A

false

261
Q

108) Foot and mouth disease is clinically more severe in pigs than in cattle.

A

false

262
Q

109) Foot and mouth disease virus can replicate in epithelial and myocardial cells

A

true

263
Q

110) Foot and mouth disease virus is spread by infected saliva and vesicle fluids within the herd

A

true

264
Q

111) Foot and mouth disease is caused by F2 viruses.

A

false

265
Q

112) Recovery from foot and mouth disease induces type specific protection

A

true

266
Q

113) FMD has 7 known serotypes

A

true

267
Q

114) There are 3 subtypes SAT 1, 2, 3 in the SAT serotype

A

true

268
Q

115) FMD replicates primarily in the pharynx.

A

true

269
Q

116) In the Asian serotype of FMD there are 3 subtypes, Asia 1, 2 and 3

A

false

270
Q

117) FMD causes most severe symptoms in pigs

A

false

271
Q

118) Vaccination is used against FMD

A

true

272
Q

119) Europe is currently free from FMD

A

true

273
Q

120) FMD replicates in the skin

A

true

274
Q

121) FMD cause skin lesions in bovine

A

true

275
Q

122) FMD cause skin signs in swine

A

true

276
Q

123) In sheep, clinical signs are usually more severe than in cattle.

A

false

277
Q

124) For prevention of FMD in Europe only State Vet steps are used

A

true

278
Q

125) Inactivated vaccines can be used in endemically infected countries

A

true

279
Q

126) Only the live attenuated strains can provide good immunity

A

false

280
Q

127) Vaccination of cattle herds is permitted everywhere

A

false

281
Q

128) FMD is characteristic with fever, salivation and vesicle formation in the skin and mucous membranes

A

true

282
Q

129) The replication time of FMD virus is over one day

A

false

Epi (74 decks)

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