Picornaviruses Flashcards
1) Picornaviridae are enveloped viruses
false
2) The resistance of Picornaviridae is low, they cannot survive in the environment
false
3) Vaccinations are used in Europe for prevention of picornaviruses.
true
4) Just State Vet medical steps and general preventative measures are used for prevention for Picornavirus
false
5) Cardioviruses have a narrow host range
false
6) Picornavirus is characterized by encephalitis and severe diarrhoea
false
1) Asymptomatic animals can carry Teschovirus
true
2) Teschovirus is resistant, it remains infective in the faeces for a few weeks
true
3) Teschen and Talfan disease are caused by different virulence variants of the same virus
true
4) Only pigs are susceptible to teschovirus encephalomyelitis
true
5) Teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faeces
true
6) There is widespread vaccination to control teschovirus encephalomyelitis
false
7) Teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is transmitted by arthropods
false
8) There is widespread vaccination using inactivated vaccines to prevent teschovirus encephalomyelitis
false
9) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faces.
true
10) Asymptomatic pigs can shed the porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus
true
11) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus replicates in the gut.
true
12) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis is mainly caused by serotype 1 strains.
true
13) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is maintained by rodents
false
14) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus can infect pigs and cattle
false
15) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus cannot survive in the environment
false
16) A sporadic disease with weakness of hind legs or encephalomyelitis in piglets
true
1) Dogs and cats can be infected with Teschen disease virus
false
2) Teschen disease virus can be present in pork meat
true
3) The virus of Teschen disease is shed in the faeces for several weeks after infection
true
4) The main clinical sign of Teschen disease in sheep is pneumonia
false
5) Lameness is a typical clinical sign of Teschen disease
true
6) Teschen disease occurs in cattle, sheep and pigs
false
7) Enteritis and pneumonia are frequent postmortem lesions of Teschen disease
false
8) Enlargement of the spleen and haemorrhages are typical postmortem lesions of Teschen disease
false
9) Haemorrhages are typical postmortem lesions of Teschen disease
false
10) Teschen disease is frequent all over the world
false
11) The Teschen disease virus infects the animals per os
true
12) Paralysis is a clinical sign of Teschen disease
true
13) Diarrhoea is a typical clinical sign of Teschen disease
false
14) Dogs and cats can be infected with Teschen disease virus
false
15) Teschen disease can affect older pigs
true
16) Teschen disease is endemic in Brazil
false
17) Both young and adult pigs can be affected by Teschen disease.
true
18) Teschen is caused by Picornavirus
true
19) Teschen is caused by Enterovirus
false
20) Teschen disease is present worldwide
false
21) Teschen disease causes diarrhoea in piglets
false
22) Teschen disease can affect older piglets.
true
1) Inactivated vaccines are widely used in Europe to prevent Talfan disease
false
2) There is widespread vaccination in Europe for prevention of Talfan disease
false
3) Talfan disease can be seen in animals below 4 months of age
true
4) Talfan disease is a disease of pigs
true
5) The clinical signs of Talfan disease are more severe than that of Teschen disease
false
6) Talfan disease occurs in any age groups
false
7) Haemorrhages are typical postmortem lesions of Talfan disease
false
8) Flaccid paralysis is a typical clinical sign of Talfan disease
true
9) Paralysis is a clinical sign of Talfan disease
true
10) Talfan disease is caused by viruses of decreased virulence
true
11) Talfan disease occurs in Europe, America and Australia
true
12) Pigs and ruminants are susceptible to the agent of Talfan disease
false
13) The agent of Talfan disease replicates in the gut
true
14) The agent of Talfan disease is shed lifelong after the infections
false
15) Talfan infects piglets older than 4 months
false
1) Vesicles can be seen in the liver in the case of swine vesicular disease
false
2) Swine vesicular disease virus cannot cause viraemia
false
3) Swine vesicular disease virus can cause viraemia
true
4) Swine vesicular disease is a zoonosis
false
5) Swine vesicular disease virus can cause vesicles on the snout of pigs
true
6) The resistance of swine vesicular disease virus is very low; it cannot survive in the environment
false
7) Haemorrhages in the serous membranes can be frequently seen postmotem in the case of swine vesicular disease
false
8) Haemorrhages can be seen post mortem in the case of swine vesicular disease
false
9) The mortality of swine vesicular disease is 40-50%
false
10) The mortality of swine vesicular disease is very high, it can be 50-60%
false
11) Swine vesicular disease is frequently seen in Europe
false
12) Swine vesicular disease virus replicates in the epithelium of the throat and tonsils
true
13) Only pigs are susceptible to swine vesicular disease virus
true
14) Pigs are infected with swine vesicular disease virus per os
true
15) Swine vesicular disease is present worldwide
true
16) Swine vesicular disease is frequent among pigs
false
17) Swine vesicular disease occurs only in Africa, it never occurred in Europe
false
18) Swine vesicular disease virus can be shed by asymptomatic carriers
true
19) Swine vesicular disease virus can infect only pigs
true
20) Swine Vesicular Disease virus can infect swine and ruminants.
false
21) Swine Vesicular Disease virus can cause infection per os
true
22) Swine Vesicular Disease virus does not cause viraemia, only local lesions can be seen
false
23) Swine Vesicular Disease virus can infect humans
false
24) Swine vesicular disease virus cannot survive in the environment
false
25) Swine Vesicular Disease cause skin lesions in bovids
false
26) Swine Vesicular Disease is derived from Coxsacki-B5
true
27) Swine Vesicular Disease virus can replicate in CNS
true
28) Swine Vesicular Disease is present only in Italy
false
29) Swine Vesicular Disease is present only in Hong Kong
false
30) Swine Vesicular Disease was present in both Italy and Hong Kong
true
31) Swine Vesicular Disease has been present in all European countries, but now only present in South-East Asia
false
wine Vesicular Disease is similar in appearance to Foot and Mouth Disease
true
33) Swine Vesicular Disease causes skin lesions in cattle
false
judging from the clinical signs, Swine Vesicular Disease cannot be differentiated from FMD
true
35) Swine Vesicular Disease is frequent among pigs
false
36) Lameness can be a sign of Swine Vesicular Disease
true
1) Haemorrhages in the parenchymal organs are frequent postmortem lesions of avian encephalomyelitis
false
2) Haemorrhages are frequent postmortem lesions of avian encephalomyelitis
false
3) There is germinative spread in the case of avian encephalomyelitis
true
4) There is no germinative infection in the case of avian encephalomyelitis
false
5) Avian encephalomyelitis is not transmitted germinatively
false
6) Tremor is a typical clinical sign of avian encephalomyelitis
true
7) Avian Encephalomyelitis is not transmitted through the egg
false
8) Avian encephalomyelitis virus can infect chicken
true
9) Clinical signs of avian encephalomyelitis can be seen in animals up to 5 weeks of age
true
10) Avian encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faeces
true
11) Avian encephalomyelitis is caused by a double stranded DNA virus
false
12) Chickens are susceptible to avian encephalomyelitis virus
true
13) Germinative infection is a way of spreading of avian encephalomyelitis virus
true
14) Avian encephalomyelitis is caused by enterovirus
true, should be false, caused by tremovirus
15) Incubation time of Avian encephalomyelitis virus is 11 (9-10) days following PO infection.
true
16) Incubation time of Avian encephalomyelitis virus depends on the mode of infection
true
17) Avian encephalomyelitis is caused by a hepatovirus
false
18) Avian encephalomyelitis is not transmitted germinatively
false
19) Avian encephalomyelitis virus kills the embryo
false
20) Avian encephalomyelitis is present only in chickens
false
21) Avian encephalomyelitis virus is killed at hatching temperature
false
22) Avian encephalomyelitis spreads both horizontally and via eggs
true
23) Infection via eggs does not occur in Avian encephalomyelitis.
false
24) Avian encephalomyelitis is not transmitted through the egg
false
1) Germinative infection can happen in the case of duck hepatitis
false
2) Spasmodical paddling is a frequent clinical sign of duck hepatitis
true
3) The resistance of duck hepatitis A virus is high
true
4) Ducks are infected with the duck hepatitis A virus generally per os
true
5) Duck hepatitis cannot be prevented with vaccination
false
6) Duck hepatitis A virus is shed in the faeces
true
7) Duck hepatitis A virus does not cause viraemia
false
8) Duck hepatitis A virus can cause germinative infection
false
9) Clinical signs of duck hepatitis can be seen mainly in laying ducks
false
10) Duck hepatitis A virus can be detected with PCR
true
11) Germinative infection is the primary way of infection with Duck hepatitis A Virus
false
12) Clinical signs of Duck hepatitis are seen in 1-4 week old ducklings
true
13) Per os infection is a common way of infection with duck hepatitis A virus
true
14) Clinical signs of duck hepatitis can be seen in all age groups
false
15) Duck Viral Hepatitis is present in Hungary on a large scale
false
16) Duck Viral Hepatitis can be caused by multiple virus spp./serotypes.
true
17) Duck Viral Hepatitis is primarily a disease of younger ducklings
true
18) The primary replication site is the GI tract in Duck Viral Hepatitis
true
19) Type 4 Duck Viral Hepatitis can infect older animals
true
20) Duck Viral Hepatitis is caused by type 1 and 2 coronavirus
false
21) Duck Viral Hepatitis causes haemorrhagic enteritis in older ducks
false
22) Pathogens of Duck Viral Hepatitis can infect older animals
true
1) Encephalomyocarditis virus is shed in the faeces by infected animals
true
2) Encephalomyocarditis virus infects animals mainly per os
true
3) Encephalomyocarditis infections are rare
false
4) Encephalomyocarditis virus can infect only pigs
false
5) Encephalomyocarditis virus remains infective in the environment
true
6) Encephalomyocarditis virus can cause per os infection
true
7) Encephalomyocarditis virus can infect humans
true
8) Encephalomyocarditis virus has a narrow host range
false
9) Rodents can maintain encephalomyocarditis infection
true
10) Encephalomyocarditis virus can cause necrosis of the heart muscle
true
11) Encephalomyocarditis is a zoonosis
true
12) Encephalomyocarditis may be deadly for elephants
true
1) FMD is a chronic disease
false
2) FMD spreads slowly within the herd
false
3) FMD virus is shed by semen
true
4) Dogs are susceptible to FMD
true
5) Foot and mouth disease is serologically uniform
false
6) Foot and mouth disease virus is uniform, there are no serotype or subtypes of it
false
7) Because of the high variability of FMD virus cross protection cannot be observed even within the serotype
true
8) Within the FMD serotypes, subtypes can be differentiated
true
9) The sample from the FMD suspected animal should be submitted to lab cooled but not frozen
true
10) FMD ulcers are usually sharp edged and regular round shaped
false
11) The foot and mouth disease is classified into 7 serotypes
true
12) The primary replication site for FMD is the tongue mucosa
false
13) FMD can be transmitted by frozen meat
true
14) The peracut form of FMD causes severe haemorrhages and death by shock
false
15) The chronic form of FMD means arthritis
false
16) FMD is transmitted by insect vectors
false
17) Vesicles of FMD can fully recover after immune response
true
18) FMD causes the loss of hoof in swine
true
19) Foot and mouth disease can be carried for long time in the hoof tissue
true
20) The SAT-1,2 and 3 serotypes of FMD virus are present in Africa and Arabia
true
21) In humid cold environment, the FMD virus can retain its infectivity for weeks
true
22) Even the vaccinated animals can carry and shed the FMD virus
true
23) The main host (reservoir) of foot and mouth disease virus is swine
false
24) FMD induces lameness in sheep and oral vesicles in goats
true
25) FMD virus is shed in milk
true
26) The FMD virus can retain its infectivity in dried milk for months
true
27) The FMD virus can retain its infectivity in frozen milk for months
true
28) There are no neutralizing antibodies produced against foot and mouth disease virus
false
29) For laboratory tests foot and mouth disease samples should be submitted in buffered transport medium
true
30) For laboratory tests FMD samples should be submitted frozen
false
31) The resistance of foot and mouth disease virus is low
false
32) The foot and mouth disease virus can retain its infectivity for 40 days in manure
true
33) In Europe supportive therapy is applied in the treatment of FMD
false
34) Frothy and sticky nasal discharge is the characteristic sign of FMD
false
35) The hedgehog is susceptible to FMD
true
36) All serotypes of foot and mouth disease can be detected worldwide
false
37) Foot and mouth disease can cause myocarditis in young animals
true
38) Ruminants can carry foot and mouth disease virus for up to 3 years
true
39) The Asia serotype of FMD virus is present in Turkey and in the Middle East
true
40) The FMD virus is enveloped
true, should be false
41) FMD virus cannot be propagated in cell culture
false
42) FMD virus cannot be isolated in cell culture
false
43) 24 hours after the inoculation of FMD virus into guinea pig paw pad vesicle formation can be observed
true
44) The FMD mortality is nearly 100%
false
45) The mortality of foot and mouth disease is very high in all age groups
false
46) The FMD suspected sample should be sent to lab by post (in mail)
false
47) FMD virus can be transmitted by feed
true
48) Animals with foot and mouth disease shed the virus in the saliva
true
49) Animals can be infected with foot and mouth disease by inhalation
true
50) The primary replication sites of foot and mouth disease are the lymph nodes
false
51) The primary replication sites of foot and mouth disease is the bone marrow
false
52) Horses are susceptible to foot and mouth disease
false
53) Cattle shed foot and mouth disease virus for a shorter time comparing to swine
false
54) The foot and mouth disease virus is very sensitive to the environmental conditions
false
55) We can observe the most severe foot and mouth disease signs on sheep
false
56) In the control of foot and mouth disease vaccines are used in Europe
false
57) Vaccination using attenuated vaccines is the main way of control of foot and mouth in Europe
false
58) 9 hours after infection foot and mouth disease virus can be shed by the infected animals
true
59) Swine shed foot and mouth disease virus for a shorter time than cattle
true
60) Pigs shed more foot and mouth disease virus than cattle
true
61) The foot and mouth disease virus is very sensitive to acidic pH
true
62) Foot and mouth disease virus can infect ruminants and pigs
true
63) Foot and mouth disease virus can only infect animals
false
64) FMD is sporadic in Europe
true
65) Resistance of FMD virus is high, in the environment it remains infectious for weeks
true
66) FMD virus frequently causes carditis is young animals
true
67) Water buffalos are not susceptible for FMD
false
68) The main signs of FMD are: fever, salivation, formation of vesicles and lameness
true
69) Serological examinations are important in diagnosis of FMD
false
70) In Europe vaccines must not be used for prevention of FMD.
true
71) In sheep clinical signs of FMD are very mild, it is not easy to recognize
true
72) For Europe Middle-East, Africa and Asia are the main danger to introduce FMD.
true
73) In young animal FMD virus frequently causes myocarditis
true
74) FMD virus is highly contagious, spreads rapidly
true
75) In endemically infected countries vaccines are also used in prevention of FMD
true
76) O and A serotypes of FMD are mostly widespread in the world
true
77) In sheep clinical signs of FMD are very mild
true
78) The resistance of FMD virus is rather low, in the environment it is inactivated within days
false
79) About half of the countries of the world are presently infected with FMD
true
80) FMD virus can get into Europe most easily from Turkey, Middle East and North- Africa
true
81) FMD virus can cause severe myocarditis in young calves and piglets
true
82) In infected countries inactivated vaccine are also used for prevention of FMD
true
83) Pigs shed large amount of FMD virus with their saliva during the acute phase of the disease
true
84) FMD virus is genetically and serologically uniform
false
85) The main reservoirs of FMD virus are cattle and buffalo
true
86) FMD virus is carried in the tonsils, lymphatic tissues and hoof of the infected animal.
true
87) FMD erosions are characteristic with tattered edge and red base
true
88) Vaccination against FMD can prevent the infection
false
89) FMD virus retains its infectivity for more than a month in manure
true
90) Genotype C of FMD virus is the most frequently detected worldwide
false
91) Swine shed about 1000-3000% higher FMD virus concentration comparing to ruminants
true
92) Shedding of FMD virus starts 3 days after the infection.
false
93) FMD virus is shed by semen too
true
94) Vaccinated animals can carry FMD virus
true
95) Comparing to cattle swine show milder vesicular symptoms
true
96) Myocarditis can be a result of Foot and Mouth disease cases
true
97) Vesicles are often seen on the tongue of Foot and Mouth disease infected cattle
true
98) Europe is endemically infected with Foot and Mouth disease.
false
99) Vaccination against Foot and Mouth disease results in type specific immunity
true
100) Pigs are not susceptible to Foot and Mouth disease
false
101) Foot and Mouth disease virus can be shed from infected animals during the incubation time
true
102) Vaccination is currently used against Foot and Mouth disease in Europe
false
103) Foot and Mouth disease virus can only infect ruminants
false
104) Foot and Mouth disease is caused by enteroviruses
false
105) Foot and Mouth disease is not present in South America
false
106) Foot and mouth disease virus may cause severe heart muscle damage in young calves
true
107) Foot and mouth disease are endemic in Europe
false
108) Foot and mouth disease is clinically more severe in pigs than in cattle.
false
109) Foot and mouth disease virus can replicate in epithelial and myocardial cells
true
110) Foot and mouth disease virus is spread by infected saliva and vesicle fluids within the herd
true
111) Foot and mouth disease is caused by F2 viruses.
false
112) Recovery from foot and mouth disease induces type specific protection
true
113) FMD has 7 known serotypes
true
114) There are 3 subtypes SAT 1, 2, 3 in the SAT serotype
true
115) FMD replicates primarily in the pharynx.
true
116) In the Asian serotype of FMD there are 3 subtypes, Asia 1, 2 and 3
false
117) FMD causes most severe symptoms in pigs
false
118) Vaccination is used against FMD
true
119) Europe is currently free from FMD
true
120) FMD replicates in the skin
true
121) FMD cause skin lesions in bovine
true
122) FMD cause skin signs in swine
true
123) In sheep, clinical signs are usually more severe than in cattle.
false
124) For prevention of FMD in Europe only State Vet steps are used
true
125) Inactivated vaccines can be used in endemically infected countries
true
126) Only the live attenuated strains can provide good immunity
false
127) Vaccination of cattle herds is permitted everywhere
false
128) FMD is characteristic with fever, salivation and vesicle formation in the skin and mucous membranes
true
129) The replication time of FMD virus is over one day
false
