Picornaviruses Flashcards
1
Q
1) Picornaviridae are enveloped viruses
A
false
2
Q
2) The resistance of Picornaviridae is low, they cannot survive in the environment
A
false
3
Q
3) Vaccinations are used in Europe for prevention of picornaviruses.
A
true
4
Q
4) Just State Vet medical steps and general preventative measures are used for prevention for Picornavirus
A
false
5
Q
5) Cardioviruses have a narrow host range
A
false
6
Q
6) Picornavirus is characterized by encephalitis and severe diarrhoea
A
false
7
Q
1) Asymptomatic animals can carry Teschovirus
A
true
8
Q
2) Teschovirus is resistant, it remains infective in the faeces for a few weeks
A
true
9
Q
3) Teschen and Talfan disease are caused by different virulence variants of the same virus
A
true
10
Q
4) Only pigs are susceptible to teschovirus encephalomyelitis
A
true
11
Q
5) Teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faeces
A
true
12
Q
6) There is widespread vaccination to control teschovirus encephalomyelitis
A
false
13
Q
7) Teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is transmitted by arthropods
A
false
14
Q
8) There is widespread vaccination using inactivated vaccines to prevent teschovirus encephalomyelitis
A
false
15
Q
9) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faces.
A
true
16
Q
10) Asymptomatic pigs can shed the porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus
A
true
17
Q
11) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus replicates in the gut.
A
true
18
Q
12) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis is mainly caused by serotype 1 strains.
A
true
19
Q
13) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is maintained by rodents
A
false
20
Q
14) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus can infect pigs and cattle
A
false
21
Q
15) Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus cannot survive in the environment
A
false
22
Q
16) A sporadic disease with weakness of hind legs or encephalomyelitis in piglets
A
true
23
Q
1) Dogs and cats can be infected with Teschen disease virus
A
false
24
Q
2) Teschen disease virus can be present in pork meat
A
true
25
3) The virus of Teschen disease is shed in the faeces for several weeks after infection
true
26
4) The main clinical sign of Teschen disease in sheep is pneumonia
false
27
5) Lameness is a typical clinical sign of Teschen disease
true
28
6) Teschen disease occurs in cattle, sheep and pigs
false
29
7) Enteritis and pneumonia are frequent postmortem lesions of Teschen disease
false
30
8) Enlargement of the spleen and haemorrhages are typical postmortem lesions of Teschen disease
false
31
9) Haemorrhages are typical postmortem lesions of Teschen disease
false
32
10) Teschen disease is frequent all over the world
false
33
11) The Teschen disease virus infects the animals per os
true
34
12) Paralysis is a clinical sign of Teschen disease
true
35
13) Diarrhoea is a typical clinical sign of Teschen disease
false
36
14) Dogs and cats can be infected with Teschen disease virus
false
37
15) Teschen disease can affect older pigs
true
38
16) Teschen disease is endemic in Brazil
false
39
17) Both young and adult pigs can be affected by Teschen disease.
true
40
18) Teschen is caused by Picornavirus
true
41
19) Teschen is caused by Enterovirus
false
42
20) Teschen disease is present worldwide
false
43
21) Teschen disease causes diarrhoea in piglets
false
44
22) Teschen disease can affect older piglets.
true
45
1) Inactivated vaccines are widely used in Europe to prevent Talfan disease
false
46
2) There is widespread vaccination in Europe for prevention of Talfan disease
false
47
3) Talfan disease can be seen in animals below 4 months of age
true
48
4) Talfan disease is a disease of pigs
true
49
5) The clinical signs of Talfan disease are more severe than that of Teschen disease
false
50
6) Talfan disease occurs in any age groups
false
51
7) Haemorrhages are typical postmortem lesions of Talfan disease
false
52
8) Flaccid paralysis is a typical clinical sign of Talfan disease
true
53
9) Paralysis is a clinical sign of Talfan disease
true
54
10) Talfan disease is caused by viruses of decreased virulence
true
55
11) Talfan disease occurs in Europe, America and Australia
true
56
12) Pigs and ruminants are susceptible to the agent of Talfan disease
false
57
13) The agent of Talfan disease replicates in the gut
true
58
14) The agent of Talfan disease is shed lifelong after the infections
false
59
15) Talfan infects piglets older than 4 months
false
60
1) Vesicles can be seen in the liver in the case of swine vesicular disease
false
61
2) Swine vesicular disease virus cannot cause viraemia
false
62
3) Swine vesicular disease virus can cause viraemia
true
63
4) Swine vesicular disease is a zoonosis
false
64
5) Swine vesicular disease virus can cause vesicles on the snout of pigs
true
65
6) The resistance of swine vesicular disease virus is very low; it cannot survive in the environment
false
66
7) Haemorrhages in the serous membranes can be frequently seen postmotem in the case of swine vesicular disease
false
67
8) Haemorrhages can be seen post mortem in the case of swine vesicular disease
false
68
9) The mortality of swine vesicular disease is 40-50%
false
69
10) The mortality of swine vesicular disease is very high, it can be 50-60%
false
70
11) Swine vesicular disease is frequently seen in Europe
false
71
12) Swine vesicular disease virus replicates in the epithelium of the throat and tonsils
true
72
13) Only pigs are susceptible to swine vesicular disease virus
true
73
14) Pigs are infected with swine vesicular disease virus per os
true
74
15) Swine vesicular disease is present worldwide
true
75
16) Swine vesicular disease is frequent among pigs
false
76
17) Swine vesicular disease occurs only in Africa, it never occurred in Europe
false
77
18) Swine vesicular disease virus can be shed by asymptomatic carriers
true
78
19) Swine vesicular disease virus can infect only pigs
true
79
20) Swine Vesicular Disease virus can infect swine and ruminants.
false
80
21) Swine Vesicular Disease virus can cause infection per os
true
81
22) Swine Vesicular Disease virus does not cause viraemia, only local lesions can be seen
false
82
23) Swine Vesicular Disease virus can infect humans
false
83
24) Swine vesicular disease virus cannot survive in the environment
false
84
25) Swine Vesicular Disease cause skin lesions in bovids
false
85
26) Swine Vesicular Disease is derived from Coxsacki-B5
true
86
27) Swine Vesicular Disease virus can replicate in CNS
true
87
28) Swine Vesicular Disease is present only in Italy
false
88
29) Swine Vesicular Disease is present only in Hong Kong
false
89
30) Swine Vesicular Disease was present in both Italy and Hong Kong
true
90
31) Swine Vesicular Disease has been present in all European countries, but now only present in South-East Asia
false
91
wine Vesicular Disease is similar in appearance to Foot and Mouth Disease
true
92
33) Swine Vesicular Disease causes skin lesions in cattle
false
93
judging from the clinical signs, Swine Vesicular Disease cannot be differentiated from FMD
true
94
35) Swine Vesicular Disease is frequent among pigs
false
95
36) Lameness can be a sign of Swine Vesicular Disease
true
96
1) Haemorrhages in the parenchymal organs are frequent postmortem lesions of avian encephalomyelitis
false
97
2) Haemorrhages are frequent postmortem lesions of avian encephalomyelitis
false
98
3) There is germinative spread in the case of avian encephalomyelitis
true
99
4) There is no germinative infection in the case of avian encephalomyelitis
false
100
5) Avian encephalomyelitis is not transmitted germinatively
false
101
6) Tremor is a typical clinical sign of avian encephalomyelitis
true
102
7) Avian Encephalomyelitis is not transmitted through the egg
false
103
8) Avian encephalomyelitis virus can infect chicken
true
104
9) Clinical signs of avian encephalomyelitis can be seen in animals up to 5 weeks of age
true
105
10) Avian encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faeces
true
106
11) Avian encephalomyelitis is caused by a double stranded DNA virus
false
107
12) Chickens are susceptible to avian encephalomyelitis virus
true
108
13) Germinative infection is a way of spreading of avian encephalomyelitis virus
true
109
14) Avian encephalomyelitis is caused by enterovirus
true, should be false, caused by tremovirus
110
15) Incubation time of Avian encephalomyelitis virus is 11 (9-10) days following PO infection.
true
111
16) Incubation time of Avian encephalomyelitis virus depends on the mode of infection
true
112
17) Avian encephalomyelitis is caused by a hepatovirus
false
113
18) Avian encephalomyelitis is not transmitted germinatively
false
114
19) Avian encephalomyelitis virus kills the embryo
false
115
20) Avian encephalomyelitis is present only in chickens
false
116
21) Avian encephalomyelitis virus is killed at hatching temperature
false
117
22) Avian encephalomyelitis spreads both horizontally and via eggs
true
118
23) Infection via eggs does not occur in Avian encephalomyelitis.
false
119
24) Avian encephalomyelitis is not transmitted through the egg
false
120
1) Germinative infection can happen in the case of duck hepatitis
false
121
2) Spasmodical paddling is a frequent clinical sign of duck hepatitis
true
122
3) The resistance of duck hepatitis A virus is high
true
123
4) Ducks are infected with the duck hepatitis A virus generally per os
true
124
5) Duck hepatitis cannot be prevented with vaccination
false
125
6) Duck hepatitis A virus is shed in the faeces
true
126
7) Duck hepatitis A virus does not cause viraemia
false
127
8) Duck hepatitis A virus can cause germinative infection
false
128
9) Clinical signs of duck hepatitis can be seen mainly in laying ducks
false
129
10) Duck hepatitis A virus can be detected with PCR
true
130
11) Germinative infection is the primary way of infection with Duck hepatitis A Virus
false
131
12) Clinical signs of Duck hepatitis are seen in 1-4 week old ducklings
true
132
13) Per os infection is a common way of infection with duck hepatitis A virus
true
133
14) Clinical signs of duck hepatitis can be seen in all age groups
false
134
15) Duck Viral Hepatitis is present in Hungary on a large scale
false
135
16) Duck Viral Hepatitis can be caused by multiple virus spp./serotypes.
true
136
17) Duck Viral Hepatitis is primarily a disease of younger ducklings
true
137
18) The primary replication site is the GI tract in Duck Viral Hepatitis
true
138
19) Type 4 Duck Viral Hepatitis can infect older animals
true
139
20) Duck Viral Hepatitis is caused by type 1 and 2 coronavirus
false
140
21) Duck Viral Hepatitis causes haemorrhagic enteritis in older ducks
false
141
22) Pathogens of Duck Viral Hepatitis can infect older animals
true
142
1) Encephalomyocarditis virus is shed in the faeces by infected animals
true
143
2) Encephalomyocarditis virus infects animals mainly per os
true
144
3) Encephalomyocarditis infections are rare
false
145
4) Encephalomyocarditis virus can infect only pigs
false
146
5) Encephalomyocarditis virus remains infective in the environment
true
147
6) Encephalomyocarditis virus can cause per os infection
true
148
7) Encephalomyocarditis virus can infect humans
true
149
8) Encephalomyocarditis virus has a narrow host range
false
150
9) Rodents can maintain encephalomyocarditis infection
true
151
10) Encephalomyocarditis virus can cause necrosis of the heart muscle
true
152
11) Encephalomyocarditis is a zoonosis
true
153
12) Encephalomyocarditis may be deadly for elephants
true
154
1) FMD is a chronic disease
false
155
2) FMD spreads slowly within the herd
false
156
3) FMD virus is shed by semen
true
157
4) Dogs are susceptible to FMD
true
158
5) Foot and mouth disease is serologically uniform
false
159
6) Foot and mouth disease virus is uniform, there are no serotype or subtypes of it
false
160
7) Because of the high variability of FMD virus cross protection cannot be observed even within the serotype
true
161
8) Within the FMD serotypes, subtypes can be differentiated
true
162
9) The sample from the FMD suspected animal should be submitted to lab cooled but not frozen
true
163
10) FMD ulcers are usually sharp edged and regular round shaped
false
164
11) The foot and mouth disease is classified into 7 serotypes
true
165
12) The primary replication site for FMD is the tongue mucosa
false
166
13) FMD can be transmitted by frozen meat
true
167
14) The peracut form of FMD causes severe haemorrhages and death by shock
false
168
15) The chronic form of FMD means arthritis
false
169
16) FMD is transmitted by insect vectors
false
170
17) Vesicles of FMD can fully recover after immune response
true
171
18) FMD causes the loss of hoof in swine
true
172
19) Foot and mouth disease can be carried for long time in the hoof tissue
true
173
20) The SAT-1,2 and 3 serotypes of FMD virus are present in Africa and Arabia
true
174
21) In humid cold environment, the FMD virus can retain its infectivity for weeks
true
175
22) Even the vaccinated animals can carry and shed the FMD virus
true
176
23) The main host (reservoir) of foot and mouth disease virus is swine
false
177
24) FMD induces lameness in sheep and oral vesicles in goats
true
178
25) FMD virus is shed in milk
true
179
26) The FMD virus can retain its infectivity in dried milk for months
true
180
27) The FMD virus can retain its infectivity in frozen milk for months
true
181
28) There are no neutralizing antibodies produced against foot and mouth disease virus
false
182
29) For laboratory tests foot and mouth disease samples should be submitted in buffered transport medium
true
183
30) For laboratory tests FMD samples should be submitted frozen
false
184
31) The resistance of foot and mouth disease virus is low
false
185
32) The foot and mouth disease virus can retain its infectivity for 40 days in manure
true
186
33) In Europe supportive therapy is applied in the treatment of FMD
false
187
34) Frothy and sticky nasal discharge is the characteristic sign of FMD
false
188
35) The hedgehog is susceptible to FMD
true
189
36) All serotypes of foot and mouth disease can be detected worldwide
false
190
37) Foot and mouth disease can cause myocarditis in young animals
true
191
38) Ruminants can carry foot and mouth disease virus for up to 3 years
true
192
39) The Asia serotype of FMD virus is present in Turkey and in the Middle East
true
193
40) The FMD virus is enveloped
true, should be false
194
41) FMD virus cannot be propagated in cell culture
false
195
42) FMD virus cannot be isolated in cell culture
false
196
43) 24 hours after the inoculation of FMD virus into guinea pig paw pad vesicle formation can be observed
true
197
44) The FMD mortality is nearly 100%
false
198
45) The mortality of foot and mouth disease is very high in all age groups
false
199
46) The FMD suspected sample should be sent to lab by post (in mail)
false
200
47) FMD virus can be transmitted by feed
true
201
48) Animals with foot and mouth disease shed the virus in the saliva
true
202
49) Animals can be infected with foot and mouth disease by inhalation
true
203
50) The primary replication sites of foot and mouth disease are the lymph nodes
false
204
51) The primary replication sites of foot and mouth disease is the bone marrow
false
205
52) Horses are susceptible to foot and mouth disease
false
206
53) Cattle shed foot and mouth disease virus for a shorter time comparing to swine
false
207
54) The foot and mouth disease virus is very sensitive to the environmental conditions
false
208
55) We can observe the most severe foot and mouth disease signs on sheep
false
209
56) In the control of foot and mouth disease vaccines are used in Europe
false
210
57) Vaccination using attenuated vaccines is the main way of control of foot and mouth in Europe
false
211
58) 9 hours after infection foot and mouth disease virus can be shed by the infected animals
true
212
59) Swine shed foot and mouth disease virus for a shorter time than cattle
true
213
60) Pigs shed more foot and mouth disease virus than cattle
true
214
61) The foot and mouth disease virus is very sensitive to acidic pH
true
215
62) Foot and mouth disease virus can infect ruminants and pigs
true
216
63) Foot and mouth disease virus can only infect animals
false
217
64) FMD is sporadic in Europe
true
218
65) Resistance of FMD virus is high, in the environment it remains infectious for weeks
true
219
66) FMD virus frequently causes carditis is young animals
true
220
67) Water buffalos are not susceptible for FMD
false
221
68) The main signs of FMD are: fever, salivation, formation of vesicles and lameness
true
222
69) Serological examinations are important in diagnosis of FMD
false
223
70) In Europe vaccines must not be used for prevention of FMD.
true
224
71) In sheep clinical signs of FMD are very mild, it is not easy to recognize
true
225
72) For Europe Middle-East, Africa and Asia are the main danger to introduce FMD.
true
226
73) In young animal FMD virus frequently causes myocarditis
true
227
74) FMD virus is highly contagious, spreads rapidly
true
228
75) In endemically infected countries vaccines are also used in prevention of FMD
true
229
76) O and A serotypes of FMD are mostly widespread in the world
true
230
77) In sheep clinical signs of FMD are very mild
true
231
78) The resistance of FMD virus is rather low, in the environment it is inactivated within days
false
232
79) About half of the countries of the world are presently infected with FMD
true
233
80) FMD virus can get into Europe most easily from Turkey, Middle East and North- Africa
true
234
81) FMD virus can cause severe myocarditis in young calves and piglets
true
235
82) In infected countries inactivated vaccine are also used for prevention of FMD
true
236
83) Pigs shed large amount of FMD virus with their saliva during the acute phase of the disease
true
237
84) FMD virus is genetically and serologically uniform
false
238
85) The main reservoirs of FMD virus are cattle and buffalo
true
239
86) FMD virus is carried in the tonsils, lymphatic tissues and hoof of the infected animal.
true
240
87) FMD erosions are characteristic with tattered edge and red base
true
241
88) Vaccination against FMD can prevent the infection
false
242
89) FMD virus retains its infectivity for more than a month in manure
true
243
90) Genotype C of FMD virus is the most frequently detected worldwide
false
244
91) Swine shed about 1000-3000% higher FMD virus concentration comparing to ruminants
true
245
92) Shedding of FMD virus starts 3 days after the infection.
false
246
93) FMD virus is shed by semen too
true
247
94) Vaccinated animals can carry FMD virus
true
248
95) Comparing to cattle swine show milder vesicular symptoms
true
249
96) Myocarditis can be a result of Foot and Mouth disease cases
true
250
97) Vesicles are often seen on the tongue of Foot and Mouth disease infected cattle
true
251
98) Europe is endemically infected with Foot and Mouth disease.
false
252
99) Vaccination against Foot and Mouth disease results in type specific immunity
true
253
100) Pigs are not susceptible to Foot and Mouth disease
false
254
101) Foot and Mouth disease virus can be shed from infected animals during the incubation time
true
255
102) Vaccination is currently used against Foot and Mouth disease in Europe
false
256
103) Foot and Mouth disease virus can only infect ruminants
false
257
104) Foot and Mouth disease is caused by enteroviruses
false
258
105) Foot and Mouth disease is not present in South America
false
259
106) Foot and mouth disease virus may cause severe heart muscle damage in young calves
true
260
107) Foot and mouth disease are endemic in Europe
false
261
108) Foot and mouth disease is clinically more severe in pigs than in cattle.
false
262
109) Foot and mouth disease virus can replicate in epithelial and myocardial cells
true
263
110) Foot and mouth disease virus is spread by infected saliva and vesicle fluids within the herd
true
264
111) Foot and mouth disease is caused by F2 viruses.
false
265
112) Recovery from foot and mouth disease induces type specific protection
true
266
113) FMD has 7 known serotypes
true
267
114) There are 3 subtypes SAT 1, 2, 3 in the SAT serotype
true
268
115) FMD replicates primarily in the pharynx.
true
269
116) In the Asian serotype of FMD there are 3 subtypes, Asia 1, 2 and 3
false
270
117) FMD causes most severe symptoms in pigs
false
271
118) Vaccination is used against FMD
true
272
119) Europe is currently free from FMD
true
273
120) FMD replicates in the skin
true
274
121) FMD cause skin lesions in bovine
true
275
122) FMD cause skin signs in swine
true
276
123) In sheep, clinical signs are usually more severe than in cattle.
false
277
124) For prevention of FMD in Europe only State Vet steps are used
true
278
125) Inactivated vaccines can be used in endemically infected countries
true
279
126) Only the live attenuated strains can provide good immunity
false
280
127) Vaccination of cattle herds is permitted everywhere
false
281
128) FMD is characteristic with fever, salivation and vesicle formation in the skin and mucous membranes
true
282
129) The replication time of FMD virus is over one day
false
