Reoviruses

Question 1

1) Orbiviruses spread by droplet (aerosol) infection

Answer 1

false

Question 2

2) Orbiviruses can be cultivated in vivo by inoculation of embryonated eggs

Answer 2

true

Question 3

3) Genetic reassortments may cause significant antigenic changes in reovirus strains

Answer 3

true

Question 4

4) Orbiviruses are serologically uniform

Answer 4

false

Question 5

5) Orbiviruses are mainly arboviruses

Answer 5

true

Question 6

6) Reoviruses are sensitive to lipid solvents and detergents.

Answer 6

false

Question 7

1) Orthoreoviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis of horses

Answer 7

false

Question 8

2) Orthoreoviruses can cause pneumoenteritis in calves

Answer 8

true

Question 9

3) Orthoreoviruses can cause pneumoenteritis in cattle

Answer 9

true

Question 10

4) Avian orthoreo –and rotaviruses can cause runting sunting syndrome in chickens

Answer 10

true

Question 11

5) Avian orthoreoviruses cause mainly nephritis and encephalitis

Answer 11

false

Question 12

6) Infection of adult birds with orthoreoviruses usually remains subclinical

Answer 12

true

Question 13

7) Avian orthoreoviruses usually transmitted by germinative route

Answer 13

true

Question 14

8) Avian orthoreoviruses can cause damages in the bursa Fabricii

Answer 14

true

Question 15

9) Mammalian orthoreoviruses can cause pneumoenteritis only in suckling animals

Answer 15

false

Question 16

10) Orthoreovirus can cause tenosynovitis in pigs

Answer 16

false

Question 17

11) Avian orthoreoviruses usually cause disease in adult birds

Answer 17

false

Question 18

12) Tenosynovitis is one of the most frequent manifestations of avian orthoreovirus infections

Answer 18

true

Question 19

13) Trypsin-sensititive avian orthoreovirus usually cause respiratory disease in birds

Answer 19

true

Question 20

14) Yolk immunity does not influence the efficacy of vaccination against avian orthoreovirus

Answer 20

false

Question 21

15) Avian orthoreoviruses may cause necrotic foci in the visceral organs of birds

Answer 21

true

Question 22

16) Avian orthoreoviruses can cause inapparent infection in poultry

Answer 22

true

Question 23

17) Orthoreoviruses can be detected by haemagglutination test

Answer 23

true

Question 24

18) Trypsin resistant strains of Avian orthoreoviruses frequently cause diarrhoea

Answer 24

true

Question 25

19) Trypsin sensitive strains of avian orthoreoviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis

Answer 25

true

Question 26

20) Horses usually develop lethal hemorrhagic enteritis in Orthoreovirus infections

Answer 26

false

Question 27

21) Infection of adult birds with Orthoreoviruses usually remains subclinical

Answer 27

true

Question 28

22) Orthoreoviruses can cause encephalitis in cattle

Answer 28

false

Question 29

23) Avian orthoreoviruses can cause poult enteritis-mortality syndrome (PEMS)

Answer 29

true

Question 30

24) Infectious tenosynovitis can be prevented by vaccination

Answer 30

true

Question 31

25) Avian orthoreoviruses infect only via inhalation and parenterally

Answer 31

false

Question 32

26) Avian orthoreoviruses only infect via PO infections

Answer 32

false

Question 33

27) All Avian orthoreoviruses can spread germinatively

Answer 33

true

Question 34

28) Helicopter disease causes feather problems

Answer 34

true

Question 35

29) Orthoreovirus infections cause immunosuppression in birds

Answer 35

true

Question 36

30) Tenosynovitis is a frequent sign of Avian Orthoreovirus infection

Answer 36

true

Question 37

31) Orthoreovirus mainly infects younger animals

Answer 37

true

Question 38

32) Orthoreovirus causes respiratory and GI disease.

Answer 38

true

Question 39

33) Tenosynovitis is caused by only one Orthoreovirus

Answer 39

false

Question 40

34) Orthoreoviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis of horses

Answer 40

false

Question 41

1) Rotaviruses are sensitive to environmental conditions

Answer 41

false

Question 42

2) Rotavirus infection is sporadic within the herd

Answer 42

false

Question 43

3) Rotavirus only infects mammals

Answer 43

false

Question 44

4) Clinical signs of rotavirus infection are usually seen in animals older than 2 weeks of age

Answer 44

false

Question 45

5) Swine is not susceptible to rotavirus infection

Answer 45

false

Question 46

6) Rotaviruses predispose to E.Coli infection in suckling piglets

Answer 46

true

Question 47

7) Rotaviruses are shed in the faeces in high titres

Answer 47

true

Question 48

8) Rotavirus infection results in high mortality

Answer 48

false

Question 49

9) Avian rotaviruses are transmitted by germinative infection

Answer 49

false

Question 50

10) Losses due to rotavirus infection of young animals can be prevented by colostrum feeding

Answer 50

true

Question 51

11) Rotaviruses usually cause enteritis in young (1-2 weeks old) animals

Answer 51

true

Question 52

12) Rotaviruses damage the mucosa of the large intestines

Answer 52

false

Question 53

13) Rotaviruses are serologically uniform

Answer 53

false

Question 54

14) Rotaviruses are typically transmitted via the faecal oral route

Answer 54

true

Question 55

15) Swine rotavirus infection is frequently followed by E. coli secondary infection in piglets

Answer 55

true

Question 56

16) Avian rotaviruses can cause tenosynovitis

Answer 56

false

Question 57

17) Rotaviral enteritis of calves can be prevented by immunization of pregnant cows

Answer 57

true

Question 58

18) Rotaviruses can cause chronic enteritis and persistent infection

Answer 58

false

Question 59

19) Rotaviruses cause mainly respiratory signs in cattle

Answer 59

false

Question 60

20) Rotaviruses mainly cause respiratory disease in older animals

Answer 60

false

Question 61

21) Rotaviruses typically cause respiratory disease in 3-6 month old calves

Answer 61

false

Question 62

22) Rotavirus is species specific

Answer 62

false

Question 63

23) Rotaviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis in birds

Answer 63

false

Question 64

24) Vaccination of horses in the Americas is used to prevent rotavirus infections

Answer 64

true

Question 65

1) Bluetongue is present only in tropical areas

Answer 65

false

Question 66

2) Rodents serve as reservoirs of bluetongue

Answer 66

false

Question 67

3) Ibaraki disease is clinically very similar to bluetongue

Answer 67

true

Question 68

4) Ibaraki disease virus can be used to immunize cattle against bluetongue

Answer 68

false

Question 69

5) Lameness is a frequent symptom of bluetongue in sheep

Answer 69

true

Question 70

6) Bluetongue virus can cause bloody diarrhoea in lambs

Answer 70

true

Question 71

7) Bluetongue is named after cyanosis of the tongue

Answer 71

true

Question 72

8) The bluetongue virus is vectored by midges/ gnats

Answer 72

true

Question 73

9) Cattle can carry the bluetongue virus for years without symptoms

Answer 73

true

Question 74

10) Wild birds play the most important role in the distribution of bluetongue

Answer 74

false

Question 75

11) In Europe vaccination of small ruminants against bluetongue is mandatory

Answer 75

false

Question 76

12) Bluetongue virus is also foetopathic

Answer 76

true

Question 77

13) Bluetongue virus may cause foetal developmental problems

Answer 77

true

Question 78

14) Lameness and abortion are signs of bluetongue

Answer 78

true

Question 79

15) Bluetongue occurs only in Africa and Australia

Answer 79

false

Question 80

16) Bluetongue is transmitted by ticks

Answer 80

false

Question 81

17) Bluetongue virus is typically vectored by ticks

Answer 81

false

Question 82

18) Bluetongue can be transmitted by semen

Answer 82

true

Question 83

19) Goats are more resistant to the bluetongue than sheep

Answer 83

true

Question 84

20) Goats are not susceptible to bluetongue virus

Answer 84

false

Question 85

21) Vaccination against Bluetongue results serotype specific immunity

Answer 85

true

Question 86

22) Bluetongue disease occurs only in Africa

Answer 86

false

Question 87

23) Bluetongue virus infects also horses and dogs

Answer 87

true, should be false

Question 88

24) Endothelial damages are the most important causes of the clinical signs of bluetongue

Answer 88

true

Question 89

25) A serotype 8 of bluetongue virus strain caused severe outbreak in Europe in 2006-2009

Answer 89

true

Question 90

26) Bluetongue outbreaks mainly occur is summer and autumn

Answer 90

true

Question 91

27) Sheep are less sensitive to Bluetongue than swine

Answer 91

false

Question 92

28) Bluetongue causes transient infection in cattle

Answer 92

false

Question 93

29) Bluetongue vaccines induce serotype-specific immunity

Answer 93

true

Question 94

30) Bluetongue is named after the pseudo-melanosis of the tongue.

Answer 94

false

Question 95

31) Bluetongue infects also horses and dogs

Answer 95

false

Question 96

32) Ibaraki disease virus immunizes against bluetongue

Answer 96

false

Question 97

33) Bluetongue disease is present only in tropical and sub-tropical countries.

Answer 97

false

Question 98

34) Wild birds are the natural reservoir host of the Bluetongue virus

Answer 98

false

Question 99

35) In utero Bluetongue virus infection may result in immunotolerance

Answer 99

true

Question 100

36) The most severe clinical manifestation of Bluetongue disease is usually seen in goats

Answer 100

false

Question 101

37) Bluetongue is an Orbivirus

Answer 101

true

Question 102

38) Bluetongue primarily spreads with blood sucking insects.

Answer 102

true

Question 103

39) Bluetongue replicates in endothelial cells of blood vessels

Answer 103

true

Question 104

40) The causative agent of Bluetongue multiplies in endothelium

Answer 104

true

Question 105

41) Bluetongue has 24 known serotypes

Answer 105

false

Question 106

42) Bluetongue is an enteral disease of turkeys

Answer 106

false

Question 107

43) Bluetongue causes symptoms mostly in sheep and goat

Answer 107

false

Question 108

44) Bluetongue is not present in Europe

Answer 108

false

Question 109

45) Bluetongue causes skin signs in bovine

Answer 109

true

Question 110

46) Bluetongue also infects pigs

Answer 110

false

Question 111

47) Bluetongue infects all hooved animals

Answer 111

false

Question 112

48) No long-term carrier stage is observed in Bluetongue virus infections

Answer 112

false

Question 113

49) Ruminants and swine are the most important hosts of the Bluetongue virus

Answer 113

false

Question 114

50) Lameness is one of the clinical signs of Bluetongue disease in sheep

Answer 114

true

Question 115

51) Serological cross protection exists between 25 known serotypes of Bluetongue virus

Answer 115

false

Question 116

52) Ibarki disease is a Bluetongue-like disease in Asia and in America

Answer 116

true

Question 117

53) The serotype 8 strain of the bluetongue virus, which emerged in Western Europe, does not cause clinical signs in cattle

Answer 117

false

Question 118

1) The epizootic haemorrhagic fever is observed in the USA in wild deer

Answer 118

true

Question 119

2) Epizootic haemorrhagic disease was described only in Australia so far

Answer 119

false

Question 120

3) Epizootic hemorrhage fever is a Bluetongue-like disease of wild ruminants in America

Answer 120

true

Question 121

1) African horse sickness is mostly a peracute disease

Answer 121

false

Question 122

2) African horse sickness virus is endemic in Russia since 2008

Answer 122

false

Question 123

3) The Infectious equine arthritis and the African horse sickness ay have similar clinical signs

Answer 123

true

Question 124

4) Oedemas and haemorrhages are the most frequent lesions in African horse sickness

Answer 124

true

Question 125

5) African horse sickness is spread by ticks

Answer 125

false

Question 126

6) African horse sickness is zoonotic

Answer 126

false

Question 127

7) Frothy nasal discharge is a characteristic sign of African horse sickness

Answer 127

true

Question 128

8) The subacute form of African horses sickness is causing oedema formation and heart failure

Answer 128

true

Question 129

9) Encephalitis is the most frequent sign of African horse sickness

Answer 129

false

Question 130

10) Acute form of African horse sickness occurs mainly in zebras and horses

Answer 130

false

Question 131

11) Carnivores are susceptible to African horse sickness

Answer 131

true

Question 132

12) Occasionally carnivores may get infected with African horse sickness virus

Answer 132

true

Question 133

13) The natural reservoirs of the African horse sickness virus are mainly zebras

Answer 133

true

Question 134

14) Subcutaneous oedema is a frequent symptom of subacute African horse sickness

Answer 134

true

Question 135

15) Zebras are more resistant to African horse sickness than horses

Answer 135

true

Question 136

16) Immunized horses may develop a chronic febrile form of the African horse sickness

Answer 136

true

Question 137

17) Zebras are not susceptible to African horse sickness

Answer 137

false

Question 138

18) Wild birds play the most important role in the spreading of African horse sickness

Answer 138

false

Question 139

19) The chronic form of African horse sickness may be similar to EIA

Answer 139

true

Question 140

20) African horse sickness is a communicable disease

Answer 140

true

Question 141

21) In the pathogenesis of African horse sickness, viraemia lasts longer in horse than in zebras

Answer 141

false

Question 142

22) The African horse sickness is endemic in Europe and in the USA.

Answer 142

false

Question 143

23) The signs of chronic African Horse Sickness and Equine Infectious anaemia may be similar

Answer 143

true

Question 144

24) The natural reservoirs of the African Horse Sickness virus are mainly zebras

Answer 144

true

Question 145

25) African horse sickness was transported to Europe by migratory birds

Answer 145

false

Question 146

26) African horse sickness can cause encephalitis

Answer 146

false

Question 147

27) African horse sickness is a notifiable (communicable) disease in Europe

Answer 147

true

Question 148

28) African horse sickness can cause lung oedema

Answer 148

true

Question 149

29) African horse sickness is prevented in Africa by combined vaccines

Answer 149

true

Question 150

30) African Horse Sickness is a frequent disease, distributed worldwide

Answer 150

false

Question 151

31) Respiratory signs are the most frequent symptoms in acute African Horse Sickness.

Answer 151

true

Question 152

32) The differential diagnosis of African Horse Sickness and Tetanus is rather complicated

Answer 152

false

Question 153

33) African Horse Sickness is spread primarily by “small mosquitos”.

Answer 153

false

Question 154

34) Carriers for African Horse Sickness are zebras and donkeys.

Answer 154

true

Question 155

35) African Horse Sickness is not present in Europe today

Answer 155

true

Question 156

36) African Horse Sickness is caused by an arbovirus.

Answer 156

true

Question 157

37) African Horse Sickness is caused by Orbivirus

Answer 157

true

Question 158

38) The most characteristic post mortem lesion in African Horse Sickness is haemorrhages and oedema

Answer 158

false, should be true

Question 159

39) Reservoir for African Horse Sickness is zebras and donkeys

Answer 159

false

Question 160

40) African Horse Sickness is presented mainly per-acutely in donkeys

Answer 160

false

Question 161

41) African Horse Sickness virus only infect horses

Answer 161

false

Question 162

42) Horses are more susceptible than zebra in African Horse Sickness

Answer 162

true

Question 163

43) Haemorrhagic meningoencephalitis is the most frequent sign of the African Horse Sickness

Answer 163

false

Question 164

44) The African Horse Sickness virus may infect dogs too

Answer 164

true

Question 165

45) African horse sickness is a world-wide distributed and frequent disease

Answer 165

false

Question 166

46) The subacute form of the African horse sickness is mainly characterized by oedematisation and cardiac dysfunctions

Answer 166

true

Question 167

1) Horse encephalosis is endemic in Africa

Answer 167

true

Question 168

2) Equine encephalosis can result in abortion

Answer 168

true

Question 169

3) Equine encephalosis is transmitted by mosquitoes

Answer 169

true

Question 170

4) Equine encephalosis causes the most severe clinical signs in Zebras

Answer 170

false

Question 171

5) Horse encephalosis occurs only in America

Answer 171

false

Question 172

6) Equine encephalosis causes high mortality

Answer 172

false

Question 173

7) Attenuated and inactivated vaccines are available against equine encephalosis

Answer 173

false

Question 174

8) Horse encephalosis appeared several times in Europe between 2006 and 2009

Answer 174

false

Question 175

9) Midges are the main vectors of the Equine encephalosis virus

Answer 175

true