Reoviruses Flashcards
1) Orbiviruses spread by droplet (aerosol) infection
false
2) Orbiviruses can be cultivated in vivo by inoculation of embryonated eggs
true
3) Genetic reassortments may cause significant antigenic changes in reovirus strains
true
4) Orbiviruses are serologically uniform
false
5) Orbiviruses are mainly arboviruses
true
6) Reoviruses are sensitive to lipid solvents and detergents.
false
1) Orthoreoviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis of horses
false
2) Orthoreoviruses can cause pneumoenteritis in calves
true
3) Orthoreoviruses can cause pneumoenteritis in cattle
true
4) Avian orthoreo –and rotaviruses can cause runting sunting syndrome in chickens
true
5) Avian orthoreoviruses cause mainly nephritis and encephalitis
false
6) Infection of adult birds with orthoreoviruses usually remains subclinical
true
7) Avian orthoreoviruses usually transmitted by germinative route
true
8) Avian orthoreoviruses can cause damages in the bursa Fabricii
true
9) Mammalian orthoreoviruses can cause pneumoenteritis only in suckling animals
false
10) Orthoreovirus can cause tenosynovitis in pigs
false
11) Avian orthoreoviruses usually cause disease in adult birds
false
12) Tenosynovitis is one of the most frequent manifestations of avian orthoreovirus infections
true
13) Trypsin-sensititive avian orthoreovirus usually cause respiratory disease in birds
true
14) Yolk immunity does not influence the efficacy of vaccination against avian orthoreovirus
false
15) Avian orthoreoviruses may cause necrotic foci in the visceral organs of birds
true
16) Avian orthoreoviruses can cause inapparent infection in poultry
true
17) Orthoreoviruses can be detected by haemagglutination test
true
18) Trypsin resistant strains of Avian orthoreoviruses frequently cause diarrhoea
true
19) Trypsin sensitive strains of avian orthoreoviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis
true
20) Horses usually develop lethal hemorrhagic enteritis in Orthoreovirus infections
false
21) Infection of adult birds with Orthoreoviruses usually remains subclinical
true
22) Orthoreoviruses can cause encephalitis in cattle
false
23) Avian orthoreoviruses can cause poult enteritis-mortality syndrome (PEMS)
true
24) Infectious tenosynovitis can be prevented by vaccination
true
25) Avian orthoreoviruses infect only via inhalation and parenterally
false
26) Avian orthoreoviruses only infect via PO infections
false
27) All Avian orthoreoviruses can spread germinatively
true
28) Helicopter disease causes feather problems
true
29) Orthoreovirus infections cause immunosuppression in birds
true
30) Tenosynovitis is a frequent sign of Avian Orthoreovirus infection
true
31) Orthoreovirus mainly infects younger animals
true
32) Orthoreovirus causes respiratory and GI disease.
true
33) Tenosynovitis is caused by only one Orthoreovirus
false
34) Orthoreoviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis of horses
false
1) Rotaviruses are sensitive to environmental conditions
false
2) Rotavirus infection is sporadic within the herd
false
3) Rotavirus only infects mammals
false
4) Clinical signs of rotavirus infection are usually seen in animals older than 2 weeks of age
false
5) Swine is not susceptible to rotavirus infection
false
6) Rotaviruses predispose to E.Coli infection in suckling piglets
true
7) Rotaviruses are shed in the faeces in high titres
true
8) Rotavirus infection results in high mortality
false
9) Avian rotaviruses are transmitted by germinative infection
false
10) Losses due to rotavirus infection of young animals can be prevented by colostrum feeding
true
11) Rotaviruses usually cause enteritis in young (1-2 weeks old) animals
true
12) Rotaviruses damage the mucosa of the large intestines
false
13) Rotaviruses are serologically uniform
false
14) Rotaviruses are typically transmitted via the faecal oral route
true
15) Swine rotavirus infection is frequently followed by E. coli secondary infection in piglets
true
16) Avian rotaviruses can cause tenosynovitis
false
17) Rotaviral enteritis of calves can be prevented by immunization of pregnant cows
true
18) Rotaviruses can cause chronic enteritis and persistent infection
false
19) Rotaviruses cause mainly respiratory signs in cattle
false
20) Rotaviruses mainly cause respiratory disease in older animals
false
21) Rotaviruses typically cause respiratory disease in 3-6 month old calves
false
22) Rotavirus is species specific
false
23) Rotaviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis in birds
false
24) Vaccination of horses in the Americas is used to prevent rotavirus infections
true
1) Bluetongue is present only in tropical areas
false
2) Rodents serve as reservoirs of bluetongue
false
3) Ibaraki disease is clinically very similar to bluetongue
true
4) Ibaraki disease virus can be used to immunize cattle against bluetongue
false
5) Lameness is a frequent symptom of bluetongue in sheep
true
6) Bluetongue virus can cause bloody diarrhoea in lambs
true
7) Bluetongue is named after cyanosis of the tongue
true
8) The bluetongue virus is vectored by midges/ gnats
true
9) Cattle can carry the bluetongue virus for years without symptoms
true
10) Wild birds play the most important role in the distribution of bluetongue
false
11) In Europe vaccination of small ruminants against bluetongue is mandatory
false
12) Bluetongue virus is also foetopathic
true
13) Bluetongue virus may cause foetal developmental problems
true
14) Lameness and abortion are signs of bluetongue
true
15) Bluetongue occurs only in Africa and Australia
false
16) Bluetongue is transmitted by ticks
false
17) Bluetongue virus is typically vectored by ticks
false
18) Bluetongue can be transmitted by semen
true
19) Goats are more resistant to the bluetongue than sheep
true
20) Goats are not susceptible to bluetongue virus
false
21) Vaccination against Bluetongue results serotype specific immunity
true
22) Bluetongue disease occurs only in Africa
false
23) Bluetongue virus infects also horses and dogs
true, should be false
24) Endothelial damages are the most important causes of the clinical signs of bluetongue
true
25) A serotype 8 of bluetongue virus strain caused severe outbreak in Europe in 2006-2009
true
26) Bluetongue outbreaks mainly occur is summer and autumn
true
27) Sheep are less sensitive to Bluetongue than swine
false
28) Bluetongue causes transient infection in cattle
false
29) Bluetongue vaccines induce serotype-specific immunity
true
30) Bluetongue is named after the pseudo-melanosis of the tongue.
false
31) Bluetongue infects also horses and dogs
false
32) Ibaraki disease virus immunizes against bluetongue
false
33) Bluetongue disease is present only in tropical and sub-tropical countries.
false
34) Wild birds are the natural reservoir host of the Bluetongue virus
false
35) In utero Bluetongue virus infection may result in immunotolerance
true
36) The most severe clinical manifestation of Bluetongue disease is usually seen in goats
false
37) Bluetongue is an Orbivirus
true
38) Bluetongue primarily spreads with blood sucking insects.
true
39) Bluetongue replicates in endothelial cells of blood vessels
true
40) The causative agent of Bluetongue multiplies in endothelium
true
41) Bluetongue has 24 known serotypes
false
42) Bluetongue is an enteral disease of turkeys
false
43) Bluetongue causes symptoms mostly in sheep and goat
false
44) Bluetongue is not present in Europe
false
45) Bluetongue causes skin signs in bovine
true
46) Bluetongue also infects pigs
false
47) Bluetongue infects all hooved animals
false
48) No long-term carrier stage is observed in Bluetongue virus infections
false
49) Ruminants and swine are the most important hosts of the Bluetongue virus
false
50) Lameness is one of the clinical signs of Bluetongue disease in sheep
true
51) Serological cross protection exists between 25 known serotypes of Bluetongue virus
false
52) Ibarki disease is a Bluetongue-like disease in Asia and in America
true
53) The serotype 8 strain of the bluetongue virus, which emerged in Western Europe, does not cause clinical signs in cattle
false
1) The epizootic haemorrhagic fever is observed in the USA in wild deer
true
2) Epizootic haemorrhagic disease was described only in Australia so far
false
3) Epizootic hemorrhage fever is a Bluetongue-like disease of wild ruminants in America
true
1) African horse sickness is mostly a peracute disease
false
2) African horse sickness virus is endemic in Russia since 2008
false
3) The Infectious equine arthritis and the African horse sickness ay have similar clinical signs
true
4) Oedemas and haemorrhages are the most frequent lesions in African horse sickness
true
5) African horse sickness is spread by ticks
false
6) African horse sickness is zoonotic
false
7) Frothy nasal discharge is a characteristic sign of African horse sickness
true
8) The subacute form of African horses sickness is causing oedema formation and heart failure
true
9) Encephalitis is the most frequent sign of African horse sickness
false
10) Acute form of African horse sickness occurs mainly in zebras and horses
false
11) Carnivores are susceptible to African horse sickness
true
12) Occasionally carnivores may get infected with African horse sickness virus
true
13) The natural reservoirs of the African horse sickness virus are mainly zebras
true
14) Subcutaneous oedema is a frequent symptom of subacute African horse sickness
true
15) Zebras are more resistant to African horse sickness than horses
true
16) Immunized horses may develop a chronic febrile form of the African horse sickness
true
17) Zebras are not susceptible to African horse sickness
false
18) Wild birds play the most important role in the spreading of African horse sickness
false
19) The chronic form of African horse sickness may be similar to EIA
true
20) African horse sickness is a communicable disease
true
21) In the pathogenesis of African horse sickness, viraemia lasts longer in horse than in zebras
false
22) The African horse sickness is endemic in Europe and in the USA.
false
23) The signs of chronic African Horse Sickness and Equine Infectious anaemia may be similar
true
24) The natural reservoirs of the African Horse Sickness virus are mainly zebras
true
25) African horse sickness was transported to Europe by migratory birds
false
26) African horse sickness can cause encephalitis
false
27) African horse sickness is a notifiable (communicable) disease in Europe
true
28) African horse sickness can cause lung oedema
true
29) African horse sickness is prevented in Africa by combined vaccines
true
30) African Horse Sickness is a frequent disease, distributed worldwide
false
31) Respiratory signs are the most frequent symptoms in acute African Horse Sickness.
true
32) The differential diagnosis of African Horse Sickness and Tetanus is rather complicated
false
33) African Horse Sickness is spread primarily by “small mosquitos”.
false
34) Carriers for African Horse Sickness are zebras and donkeys.
true
35) African Horse Sickness is not present in Europe today
true
36) African Horse Sickness is caused by an arbovirus.
true
37) African Horse Sickness is caused by Orbivirus
true
38) The most characteristic post mortem lesion in African Horse Sickness is haemorrhages and oedema
false, should be true
39) Reservoir for African Horse Sickness is zebras and donkeys
false
40) African Horse Sickness is presented mainly per-acutely in donkeys
false
41) African Horse Sickness virus only infect horses
false
42) Horses are more susceptible than zebra in African Horse Sickness
true
43) Haemorrhagic meningoencephalitis is the most frequent sign of the African Horse Sickness
false
44) The African Horse Sickness virus may infect dogs too
true
45) African horse sickness is a world-wide distributed and frequent disease
false
46) The subacute form of the African horse sickness is mainly characterized by oedematisation and cardiac dysfunctions
true
1) Horse encephalosis is endemic in Africa
true
2) Equine encephalosis can result in abortion
true
3) Equine encephalosis is transmitted by mosquitoes
true
4) Equine encephalosis causes the most severe clinical signs in Zebras
false
5) Horse encephalosis occurs only in America
false
6) Equine encephalosis causes high mortality
false
7) Attenuated and inactivated vaccines are available against equine encephalosis
false
8) Horse encephalosis appeared several times in Europe between 2006 and 2009
false
9) Midges are the main vectors of the Equine encephalosis virus
true
