Clostridium Flashcards
1
Q
1) Most clostridia have low invasive capacity
A
true
2
Q
2) Spores of clostridia are generally very resistant against heat
A
true
3
Q
3) The habitat of clostridia is the gut and the soil
A
true
4
Q
4) Clostridia are obligate aerobic bacteria
A
false
5
Q
5) Clostridium perfringens is an obligate pathogenic bacterium
A
false
6
Q
6) Clostridium perfringens can produce main and auxillary toxins
A
true
7
Q
7) Extracellular enzymes and toxins are virulence factors of clostridia
A
true
8
Q
8) There are no vaccines for the prevention of diseases caused by clostridia
A
false
9
Q
9) Clostridium is anaerobe spore forming bacteria
A
true
10
Q
10) Clostridium bacteria is not in the environment, because it cannot tolerate oxygen
A
false
11
Q
11) Clostridium spreads usually rapid in a herd
A
false
12
Q
12) Clostridium spread mostly with insecticides
A
false
13
Q
13) Clostridium difficile can be treated with metronidazole
A
true
14
Q
14) Clostridium difficile is seen in foal and piglets
A
true
15
Q
15) Many Clostridium species have flagella
A
false
16
Q
clostridium species are only found in the subtropics.
A
false
17
Q
17) Clostridium can cause severe contagious diseases
A
false
18
Q
18) Clostridium are obligate pathogens
A
false
19
Q
1) Anaculture or anatoxin vaccines are used for the prevention of malignant oedema
A
true
20
Q
2) Cl. chauvoei is the agent of malignant oedema
A
false
21
Q
3) Lesions of malignant oedema are mainly seen in the large muscles
A
true
22
Q
4) Malignant oedema is generally endogenous in cattle
A
false
23
Q
5) Malignant oedema is generally a consequence of wound infection
A
true
24
Q
6) Movement difficulties are frequently seen in the case of malignant oedema
A
true
25
7) Clostridium novyi can cause malignant oedema
true
26
8) Malignant oedema can be diagnosed based on clinical signs
false
27
9) Malignant oedema is caused due to wound infection
true
28
10) Malignant oedema is only in ruminants
false
29
11) Malignant oedema, one of the clinical signs is lameness/movement problems
true
30
12) Malignant oedema, attenuated vaccine for prevention
false
31
13) Clostridium channel is the agent of malignant oedema
false
32
14) Clostridium septicum is an agent of malignant oedema
true
33
15) Clostridium histolyticum can cause malignant oedema
true
34
16) Agents of malignant oedema can be detected by bacterium culture
true
35
17) There are no vaccines for the prevention of malignant oedema
false
36
18) Malignant oedema occurs in ruminants and pigs
true
37
19) Malignant oedema is an acute fatal disease
true
38
20) Malignant oedema can be treated with antibiotics.
true
39
21) Malignant oedema can occur in any warm-blooded animal
true
40
22) Once an area is infected with gas gangrene re-occurrence is common.
true
41
23) Malignant oedema cannot occur in swine
false
42
24) Malignant oedema usually develop following an endogenous infection
false
43
25) Malignant oedema is well treated with long-term antibiotics therapy
false
44
26) Malignant oedema can be treated with polymyxin
false
45
27) Malignant oedema can be well treated with antibiotics over a long period
false
46
28) Is gas gangrene (malignant oedema) a regional illness.
false
47
29) The lesions of malignant oedema are mainly seen in the lungs
false
48
1) Blackleg is caused by Clostridium septicum
false
49
2) Lesions of blackleg are mainly seen on the claws
false
50
3) Lameness is a clinical sign of blackleg.
true
51
4) Blackleg is a frequent disease in pigs
false
52
5) Generally attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of blackleg
false
53
6) Anaculture or anatoxin vaccines are used for the prevention of blackleg
true
54
7) Blackleg occurs only in tropical and subtropical countries
false
55
8) Blackleg generally occurs in endemic form
true
56
9) Blackleg occurs most frequently in pigs
false
57
10) Blackleg is a gas gangrene disease
true
58
11) Blackleg is generally endogenous in sheep
false
59
12) Blackleg is generally endogenous in cattle
true
60
13) Movement disorders and lameness can be clinical signs of Blackleg
true
61
14) Clostridium chauvoei can produce acids and gas from carbohydrates
true
62
15) Blackleg occurs mainly in ruminants
true
63
16) Oedema is a typical clinical sign of blackleg
true
64
17) Live vaccines are used for the prevention of blackleg
false
65
18) Blackleg infects ovine through wounds
true
66
19) In Blackleg disease we use attenuated vaccine
false
67
20) In the case of sheep, blackleg is generally consequence of a wound infection
true
68
21) Blackleg is caused by Clostridium chauvoei
true
69
22) Severe diarrhoea is the main clinical sign of blackleg
false
70
23) Blackleg occurs in cattle and sheep
true
71
24) If antibiotics are applied after appearance of the clinical signs of blackleg, treatment is generally successful
false
72
25) Blackleg disease occurs only in ruminants
false
73
26) Blackleg can usually be treated with antibiotics successfully
false
74
27) Blackleg in cattle is mainly endogenous between 6 months-3 years old.
false
75
28) The disease caused by Clostridium chauvoei occurs mainly in cattle and sheep
true
76
29) The disease caused by Clostridium chauvoei is primarily the result of endogenous infection in cattle
true
77
30) Blackleg has four toxins
true
78
31) Blackleg can be prevented by using vaccine
true
79
32) We use neomycin and polymyxin to treat disease caused by Clostridium chauvoei
false
80
33) Blackleg in cattle is mainly endogenous between 2 months-2 years old
true
81
34) Blackleg in bovine is caused by wound infections
false
82
1) Classical swine fever is a frequent predisposing factor of bradsot
false
83
2) Oedema in the wall of the abomasum and duodenum are postmortem lesions of bradsot
true
84
3) Bradsot is caused by Clostridium chauvoei
false
85
4) Bradsot occurs mainly in tropical and subtropical countries
false
86
5) Soil contaminated frozen feed is a frequent predisposing factor of bradsot
true
87
6) Frozen food is a predisposing factor of bradsot
true
88
7) Bradsot occurs mainly late autumn and winter
true
89
8) Overeating can predispose the animals to bradsot
false
90
9) Thickening of and oedema in the stomach wall are typical lesions of bradsot
true
91
10) Aminoglycosides are successfully used for treatment in the case of bradsot
false
92
11) Bradsot is caused by Clostridium septicum
true
93
12) Severe pneumonia is a typical clinical sign of bradsot
false
94
13) Bradsot has a very fast course
true
95
14) Bradsot occurs only in suckling lambs
false
96
15) Bradsot is typically a chronic disease
false
97
16) Bradsot is common in the summer out on the pasture
false
98
17) Bradsot is an acute disease resulting in sudden death in many cases
true
99
18) We can use anaculture strain vaccine against Bradsot
true
100
19) Bradsot causes oedema of the legs and necrosis
false
101
20) Post mortem lesions of bradsot can be seen in the stomach (rennet)
true
102
1) Köves disease is an indicator disease
true
103
2) CSF is a predisposing factor of koves disease
true
104
3) Köves disease can be seen in pigs
true
105
4) Köves disease is caused by Clostridium chavoei
false
106
1) Infectious necrotic hepatitis is mainly seen in pigs
false
107
2) Infectious necrotic hepatitis can be prevented by using anatoxin vaccines
true
108
3) Liver fluke can predispose animals to infectious necrotic hepatitis
true
109
4) In sheep, Clostridium septicum causes necrotic liver infection
false
110
5) Infectious necrotic hepatitis causes inflammation and necrotic nodules in the liver
true
111
6) There is no vaccine to prevent infectious necrotic hepatitis
false
112
7) Infectious necrotic hepatitis is caused by Clostridium septicum
false
113
8) Infectious necrotic hepatitis is mainly seen in suckling lambs
false
114
9) Parasite infection is a frequent predisposing effect of infectious necrotic hepatitis
true
115
10) Focal necrosis in the liver is a typical post mortem lesion of infectious necrotic hepatitis
true
116
11) Anatoxin vaccines can be used for the prevention of infectious necrotic hepatitis
true
117
12) Infectious necrotic hepatitis is caused by Clostridium novyi
true
118
13) Infectious necrotic hepatitis is spread by tick
false
119
14) Infectious necrotic hepatitis is caused by Clostridium novyi type B
true
120
15) Infectious necrotic hepatitis is found worldwide
true
121
16) Infectious necrotic hepatitis can be transmitted by liver flukes.
false
122
17) Infectious necrotic hepatitis occurs mostly in young sheep
false
123
1) There is intravascular haemolysis in the case of bacillary haemoglobinuria
true
124
2) Bacillary haemoglobinuria is caused by Clostridium haemolyticum
true
125
3) There are no vaccines for the prevention of bacillary hemoglobinuria
false
126
4) Phospholipidase C is a virulence factor of the agent of bacillary hemoglobinuria
true
127
5) Bacillary haemoglobinuria is mainly seen in cattle.
true
128
6) Bacillary haemoglobinuria is caused by Clostridium septicum
false
129
7) Jaundice and anaemia are important clinical signs of bacillary hemoglobinuria
true
130
8) Red urine is a typical clinical sign of bacillary hemoglobinuria
true
131
9) Bacillary hemoglobinuria is a slow, chronic disease
false
132
10) Bacillary hemoglobinuria can frequently be seen in horses
false
133
11) Clostridium novyi is the causative agent of bacillary hemoglobinuria
false
134
12) Bacillary hemoglobinuria causes severe haemorrhages
true
135
13) Bacillary hemoglobinuria are caused by infection from the soil
true
136
1) Lamb dysentery occurs in a week old animal
true
137
2) Isolation of the agent from the gut gives aetiologic diagnosis of lamb dysentery
false
138
3) Isolation of Cl. perfringens from the gut confirms the diagnosis of lamb dysentery.
false
139
4) Lesions of lamb dysentery are generally seen in the large intestine
false
140
5) Lesions of lamb dysentery can be seen in the small intestine
true
141
6) Lamb dysentery is caused by Clostridium perfringens B
true
142
7) Lambs have to be vaccinated with anatoxin vaccine in order to prevent lamb dysentery
false
143
8) Lambs have to be vaccinated with attenuated vaccine in order to prevent lamb dysentery
false
144
9) Pregnant ewes have to be vaccinated in order to prevent lamb dysentery
true
145
10) Haemorrhagic diarrhoea is a clinical sign of lamb dysentery
true
146
11) Lamb dysentery can be seen in lambs around weaning
false
147
12) Lamb dysentery is found in 3-4-week-old lambs
false
148
13) Pathological lesions of Lamb dysentery starts in the colon
false
149
14) We can culture the pathogen of Lamb dysentery from the intestines
true
150
15) Lamb dysentery is caused by Clostridium dysenteriae
false
151
16) Lamb dysentery can be seen in lambs after weaning
false
152
17) There is no vaccine for the prevention of lamb dysentery
false
153
18) Lamb dysentery occurs in 2-6 weeks old lambs
false
154
19) For diagnosis of lamb dysentery, the pathogen should be cultured from the intestine
true
155
20) Pathological symptoms of lamb dysentery can be found in the large intestines
false
156
21) Lamb dysentery can be prevented by vaccinating pregnant ewes
true
157
22) Lamb dysentery can be successfully treated with penicillin when clinical signs appear.
false
158
23) Lamb dysentery occurs in a week-old animal
true
159
24) Lamb dysentery can be diagnosed by culturing the bacteria
true
160
25) Newborn lambs have to be vaccinated in order to prevent lamb dysentery.
false
161
26) Toxoid vaccines can be used in the prevention of the disease.
true
162
27) Infection of lamb by secretion in the milk
false
163
28) Lamb dysentery occurs in 1-2 weeks old lambs
true
164
1) Struck is caused by Clostridium perfringens C
true
165
2) Overeating is a predisposing factor of struck
true
166
3) Struck can be seen mainly in lambs younger than 2 weeks
false
167
4) Struck is an acute disease in horses
false
168
5) Struck is a zoonotic disease
false
169
6) Struck is a slow disease of older sheep
false
170
7) Struck is a worldwide common disease with great economic impact
false
171
1) Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets occurs in the first 1-2 weeks of life
true
172
2) The lesions of Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets can be seen typically in the large intestine
false
173
3) Maternal protection is important in the case of Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets
true
174
4) There is no vaccination for the prevention of Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets
false
175
5) Pig enterotoxaemia can be prevented by vaccinating the pregnant sows
true
176
6) Pig enterotoxaemia is caused by Clostridium perfringens C
true
177
7) Pigs showing clinical signs of enterotoxaemia have to be treated with antibiotics immediately
false
178
8) Lesions of pig enterotoxaemia can be seen in the small intestine
true
179
9) Pig enterotoxaemia is more frequent in the litter of young than old sows
true
180
10) Clostridium Enterotoxaemia of Piglets occurs in 2-4 days old piglets
true
181
11) Pig enterotoxaemia can be generally seen in weaned piglets
false
182
12) Necrosis of gut epithelium is a postmortem lesion of pig enterotoxaemia
true
183
13) Clostridium enterotoxaemia of piglets is caused by C. perfringens
true
184
14) Clostridium enterotoxaemia of piglets is more frequent in the case of first farrowing Sows
true
185
15) Clostridium perfringens C causes infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets
true
186
16) Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets occurs in piglets after weaning.
false
187
17) The lesions of infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets can be seen generally in the small intestine
true
188
18) Necrotic enteritis of piglets can be prevented by vaccination the sow with anatoxin
true
189
19) Pig enterotoxaemia has to be diagnosed by detecting antibodies in the piglets
false
190
20) Pig enterotoxaemia causes abdominal contractions in sows.
false
191
21) Mesenteric lymph node is congested in case of pig enterotoxaemia
false
192
22) Clostridium enterotoxaemia can be cultured from mesenteric lymph nodes or gut
true
193
23) Enteritis in piglets are caused by Clostridium perfringens D
false
194
24) Enteritis in piglets can be avoided by anatoxin vaccination
true
195
25) Enteritis in piglets cannot be diagnosed by post-mortem, only by bacteriology
false
196
26) Pig enterotoxaemia is caused by β-toxin production in 1st week of life
true
197
27) Pig enterotoxaemia can cause a high mortality
true
198
28) Necrotic enteritis of piglets cannot be diagnosed by isolating the agent from the gut
true
199
29) Pig enterotoxaemia is not present in Europe
false
200
30) Pig enterotoxaemia cannot be prevented by using vaccines
false
201
1) Pulpy kidney disease is caused by Clostridium perf. D
true
202
2) Overeating is a predisposing factor to pulpy kidney disease
true
203
3) The toxin of the agent of pulpy kidney disease is sensitive to trypsin
false
204
4) Pulpy Kidney Diseases is caused by Clostridium chauvoei
false
205
5) Pulpy kidney disease generally occurs in 1-2week old lambs
false
206
6) Pulpy kidney disease can occur at any age
false
207
pulpy kidney disease of suckling lambs can be prevented by vaccinating pregnant ewes
false
208
8) Sudden change the diet is a predisposing factor to pulpy kidney disease.
true
209
9) The toxin damages the endothelial cells in the case of pulpy kidney disease
true
210
10) Neurological signs are typical in the case of pulpy kidney disease.
true
211
11) Isolation of the agent is necessary to the diagnosis of pulpy kidney disease
false
212
12) Pulpy kidney disease is typically seen in lambs below 2 weeks of age
false
213
13) Inactivated vaccines are used for the prevention of pulpy kidney disease
true
214
14) Pulpy kidney disease is seen in piglets in the first week of life
false
215
15) Pulpy kidney disease is a worldwide common disease
true
216
16) Enterotoxaemia of sheep is also called pulpy kidney disease
true
217
17) Cattle are not susceptible to this disease
true
218
18) Vaccination are possible against pulpy kidney disease
true
219
1) Coccidiosis is a predisposing factor of ulcerative enteritis in poultry
true
220
2) Ulcerative enteritis of chicken is caused by Clostridium colinum
true
221
3) Ulcerative enteritis is frequently seen in day old chicken
false
222
4) Ulcers sometimes covered with pseudomembranes are frequent post mortem lesions of ulcerative enteritis of chicken
true
223
5) Ulcerative enteritis can occur in 4-12-week-old chickens
true
224
6) Clostridium perfringens is the causative agent of ulcerative enteritis in poultry
false
225
7) Ulcerative enteritis of poultry is generally prevented with vaccination
false
226
8) Lesions of ulcerative enteritis are mostly seen in the small intestines
true
227
9) Ulcerative enteritis is a common disease in large scale farms
true
228
10) Prevention of coccidiosis can help lower the incidence of ulcerative enteritis
true
229
1) Coccidiosis is a predisposing factor of necrotic enteritis of chicken
true
230
2) Foamy, brownish-red faeces is a clinical sign of necrotic enteritis of chicken
true
231
3) Lesions of necrotic enteritis of chicken are typically occur in the large intestine
false
232
4) Day-old chickens are widely vaccinated in order to prevent of necrotic enteritis
false
233
5) Necrotic enteritis mostly occurs in chicken
true
234
6) Waterfowl are not susceptible to necrotic enteritis
false
235
7) Necrotic enteritis occurs in 1-3 weeks of age
false
236
1) Tyzzer’s disease is caused by Clostridium piliforme
true
237
gangrenous dermatitis is caused by Clostridium septicum and Clostridium perfringens A
true
238
2) Gangrenous dermatitis is caused by obligate pathogens
false
239
3) Gangrenous dermatitis causes muscle oedema
true
240
4) Vaccines are the primary way of prevention of gangrenous dermatitis
false
241
1) Flaccid paralysis is a frequent clinical sign of tetanus
false
242
2) The agent of tetanus is strictly anaerobic
true
243
3) The agent of tetanus can enter the host through wounds
true
244
4) Tetanus is only seen in horse
false
245
5) Over-eating can predispose animals to Tetanus
false
246
6) The agent of Tetanus needs oxygen to replicate
false
247
7) Anatoxin vaccines are available for the prevention of tetanus.
true
248
8) Haemorrhages under the serous membranes and enlargement of parenchymal organs are typical postmortem lesions of tetanus
false
249
9) Spasms are typical clinical signs of tetanus
true
250
10) Tetanus is a zoonosis
false
251
11) Toxoid vaccines can be used for the prevention of tetanus.
true
252
12) Dogs are resistant to tetanus
false
253
13) The clinical signs of tetanus are inducible
true
254
14) Tetanus toxin cleaves synaptobrevin
true
255
15) For tetanus we use vaccines which contain toxoid
true
256
16) Tetanus cannot be prevented with vaccination
false
257
17) Tetanus is caused by Clostridium tetani
true
258
18) The agent of tetanus causes septicaemia
false
259
19) Tetanus can be diagnosed on the basis of post mortem lesions
false
260
20) Clostridium tetani produced endotoxin
false
261
21) C. tetani needs anaerobic conditions for propagation
true
262
22) Dogs are susceptible to tetanus
true
263
23) Tetanus can be prevented with vaccines containing inactivated bacteria
false
264
24) Tetanus can cause spasms
true
265
25) Horses are resistant to tetanus
false
266
26) Tetanus can only develop after deep wounds
false
267
27) Wounds can predispose to tetanus
true
268
28) The paralysis usually starts at the place of the wound
false
269
29) Clostridium tetani toxin is produced in the feed
false
270
30) Horses are most sensitive to tetanus
true
271
31) Tetanus can be prevented by anatoxin vaccination
true
272
32) Tetanus causes rigid paralysis
true
273
33) There is no vaccine for tetanus.
false
274
34) Dogs have high resistance to tetanus
true
275
35) Clostridium tetani produces neurotoxins
true
276
1) The toxin of clostridium botulinum causes flaccid paralysis
true
277
2) Clostridium botulinum generally causes wound infection
false
278
3) Focal necrosis in the liver is a typical post mortem lesion of Botulism
false
279
4) The toxin of Clostridium botulinum has irreversible effect
true
280
5) Botulism can be seen as a result of a wound infection
false
281
6) Flaccid paralysis is the main clinical sign of botulism
true
282
7) Birds are resistant to botulism
false
283
8) Necrotic foci in the liver are typical post mortem lesions of botulism
false
284
9) Generally wounds predispose animals to botulism
false
285
10) The agent of botulism generally produces toxin at the site of entry.
false
286
11) Botulism is diagnosed on the basis of the typical post mortem lesions.
false
287
12) Clostridium botulinum can produce toxins outside the hosts
true
288
13) No characteristic post mortem lesions can be seen in the case of botulism
true
289
14) Botulism doesn’t occur in Europe
false
290
15) Clostridium botulinum cannot tolerate air at all.
true
291
16) Botulism usually develops following a wound infection
false
292
17) Clostridium botulinum propagates in rotten materials
true
293
18) In Hungary, botulism is seen most commonly in birds
true
294
19) Clostridium botulinum spores are extremely resistant to heat
true
295
20) In Hungary, botulism occurs in winter and early spring
false
296
21) Botulism is eradicated in Europe
false
297
clostridium botulinum can produce toxin, some of which are activated by proteases.
true
298
23) Botulism is seen mainly during summer
true
299
24) Spasms are the typical clinical sign of botulism
false
300
25) Paralysis is the main sign of botulism
true
301
26) Toxins of botulism are produced generally in the food
true
302
27) Animals are mostly sensitive to C and D types of Clostridium botulinum
true
