Topic 9 Endocrine System_4 ovaries, testes, pancreas...

Question 1

type endocrine organ…
> secretes estrogens and progesterone which (along with (FSH) follicle stimulating hormone and (LH) luteinizing hormone) regulate menstrual cycle, maintain pregnancy and prepare the mammary glands for lactation
> initiates/ maintain female sex characteristics

Answer 1

ovaries

Question 2

type endocrine organ…

With placenta, they secrete Relaxin which increases tissue/ joint compliance in preparation for delivery

Answer 2

ovaries

Question 3

type endocrine organ…

they secrete testosterone which regulates sperm production and initiates/ maintain male sex characteristics

Answer 3

testes

Question 4

type endocrine organ...
> located in the curve of the duodenum
> these "islet of Langerhans" are the endocrine cells which secrete:
Glucagon - alpha cell
Insulin - beta cell
Somatostatin

Answer 4

Pancreas

*pancreatic islets

Question 5

Related to pancreas…
Low blood glucose (hypoglycemia) stimulates Alpha cells to secrete this
> increases blood glucose levels
> stimulates hepatocytes to release glucose from its stores
> triggered by hypoglycemia, exercise

Answer 5

Glucagon
*Alpha cell
more info page 221

Question 6

Related to pancreas…
High blood glucose (hyperglycemia) stimulates Beta cells to secrete this…

> decreases blood glucose levels
it stimulates:
body cells to take up glucose from the blood
hepatocytes to uptake and store glucose (as glycogen)
hepatocytes to slow their release of glucose

> triggered by hyperglycemia
ALSO by hGH, ACTH, PaNS, some amino acids and GI tract

Answer 6

insulin
*Beta cell
more info page 221

Question 7

hormone secreted by the endocrine cells of the pancreatic islets

> inhibit glucagon and insulin release
may slow GI absorption

Answer 7

Somatostatin

Question 8

other endocrine organs

Answer 8

page 222