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Term 1_Physiology > Topic 3 Integumentary system (skin) > Flashcards

Topic 3 Integumentary system (skin) Flashcards

1
Q

Integumentary structures - superficial to deep (3)

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous tissue (fat layer, superficial fascia)

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2
Q

Overall function of the Integumentary system (5)

A 
Protection ( barrier, cushioning, monitoring, UV)
Thermoragulation
Blood reservoir
Excretion (eg. Sweat)
Vitamin synthesis (eg. Vitamin D)
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3
Q

The following describes?
Superficial layer
Stratified squamous epithelium
Avascular

A

Epidermis

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4
Q

The are 4 types of Epidermal cells

A

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Langerhans cells
Merkle cells

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5
Q 
Epidermal cell characteristics? 
Majority of epidermal cells
Protein based coating form water proof layer
Produce keratin ( cells are keratinized)
Deeper cells constantly divide
A

Keratinocytes

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6
Q 
Epidermal cell characteristics?
Produce melanin (pigment); protein based
A

Melanocytes

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7
Q

This type of epidermal cell is responsible for recognizing foreign and harmful antigens and help emote them; part of immune system (line of defence)

A

Langerhans cells

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8
Q

This type of epidermal cell is involved in the sensation of touch (tactile epithelial cell)

A

Merkel cells

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9
Q

There are 5 Epidermal layers - name them

Deep to superior

A 
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum
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10
Q

Aka for Stratum basale

A 
Stratum germinativum
(Germina = growing)
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11
Q

Epidermal layer…
Has single row of keratinocytes anchored to the basement membrane;
Continuous mitosis

A

Stratum basale

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12
Q

Epidermal layer…

Provides strength and flexibility to the skin

A 
Stratum spinosum
(Spino = spiny, pointy)
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13
Q

Epidermal layer …

Where cells are dying

A 
Stratum granulosum (Forever dying cells)
(Granum = grain like)
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14
Q 
Epidermal layer...
Flat, dead keratinocytes 
Extra layer of cells, cells are clear 
Provides thickness and strength
Buffer layer where needed like on soles of feet
A

Stratum lucidum

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15
Q

Epidermal layer…

Flat, dead keratinocytes that are shed

A

Stratum corneum
(Corne = horn)
* flat cells that curl up

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16
Q

What is the connective tissue layer separating epidermis and underlying adipose layer;
Collagen and elastin
Loose aerolar “Leather layer”

A

Dermis

17
Q

Part of the integumentary system that contains…
Blood vessels, nerves
Has free nerve endings: pain, temperature
Pacing an corpuscles: pressure, vibration
Sweat and oil glands, and hair are also embedded here and continues to the epidermis

A

Epidermis

18
Q

Part of the integumentary system that contains Areolar and adipose tissue; serves as shock absorber, insulator

A

Subcutaneous tissue

Aka hypodermis

19
Q

Skin colour caracteristics…

Pale yellow to tan to black?

A

Melanin (melanocytes)

20
Q

Skin colour caracteristics…

Yellow orange

A

Carotene (kerotene component )

21
Q

Skin colour caracteristics…

Red pink

A

Hemoglobin (blood that binds to oxygen)

22
Q

Skin colour caracteristics…

Redness (erythema)

A

Inflammatory response (patho)

23
Q

Skin colour caracteristics…

Blue

A

Cyanosis (bluish colouring to skin, blue around lips)

24
Q

Skin colour caracteristics…

Blue black

A

New bruising

25
Q

Skin colour caracteristics…

Yellow

A

Jaundice

26
Q

Skin colour caracteristics…

Yellow green

A

Old bruising

27
Q

3 appendages of the skin

A

Hair, glands and nails

28
Q

Type of skin appendage…
Rooted in the dermis; made up of dead keratinized cells;
Structurally made up of shaft, root, follicle

A

Hair
* arrector pill muscle: contract to pull the hair upright
Sebaceous glands: lubricates the hair
Hair colour: melanin

29
Q

Some functions of the hair?

A

Protection: scalp, eyelashes, filtration
Thermoregulator
Sensation

30
Q

What does the arrector pili muscle do?

A

Contract to pull the hair upright

Vestigeous function - goose bumps

31
Q

The dermis also has glands, name the 3 types

A

Sebaceous (oil), sudoriferous (sweat), ceruminous (external ear)

32
Q

This type of gland is associated with hair folecules;

Can be found all over the skin except the palms and soles;

A

Sebaceous (oil) glands

33
Q

This is secreted from the sebaceous glands;

Keeps the skin moist, prevents hair from becoming dry/brittle, and kills surface bacteria

A

Sebum (anti-microbial properties)

34
Q

Made up of keratinocytes; hardened plates of tightly packed, hard dead, keratinized epidermal cells.
Function: protection, small object manipulation, scratching, health status information

A

Nails

35
Q

Condition of the skin…
Damaged from acute overexposure (sunburn)
DNA damage
Collage and elastic fibre damage

A

Sun and skin damage

36
Q 
Condition of the skin...
Where the collagen fibres decrease in number and are not as functional
Elastin loses its elasticity
Fibroblasts decrease in numbers
Skin becomes thinner
A

Aging of the skin

Term 1_Physiology (27 decks)

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